Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles on Carbonized Sucrose PDF Download
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Author: Nicole Marie Melcer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cinnamates
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Author: Nicole Marie Melcer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cinnamates
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nanoparticles
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Book Description
Author: Kendra W. Brinkley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon nanotubes
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Catalysis is one of the pillars of the chemical industry. While the use of catalyst is typically recognized in the automobile industry, their impact is more widespread as; catalysts are used in the synthesis of 80% of the US commercial chemicals. Despite the improved selectivity provided by catalyst, process inefficiencies still threaten the sustainability of a number of synthesis methods, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Recyclable solid supported catalysts offer a unique opportunity to address these inefficiencies. Such systems coupled with continuous synthesis techniques, have the potential to significantly reduce the waste to desired product ratio (E-factor) of the production techniques. This research focuses developing sustainable processes to synthesize organic molecules by using continuous synthesis methods. In doing so, solid supported metal catalyst systems were identified, developed, and implemented to assist in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. Newly developed systems, which utilized metal nanoparticles, showed reactivity and recyclability, comparable to commercially available catalyst. Nanoparticles are emerging as useful materials in a wide variety of applications including catalysis. These applications include pharmaceutical processes by which complex and useful organic molecules can be prepared. As such, an effective and scalable synthesis method is required for the preparation of nanoparticle catalysts with significant control of the particle size, uniform dispersion, and even distribution of nanoparticles when deposited on the surface of a solid support. This project describes the production of palladium nanoparticles on a variety of solid supports and the evaluation of these nanoparticles for cross coupling reactions. This report highlights novel synthesis techniques used in the formation of palladium nanoparticles using traditional batch reactions. The procedures developed for the batch formation of palladium nanoparticles on different solid supports, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, are initially described. The major drawbacks of these methods are discussed, including limited scalability, variation of nanoparticle characteristics from batch to batch, and technical challenges associated with efficient heating of samples. Furthermore, the necessary conditions and critical parameters to convert the batch synthesis of solid supported palladium nanoparticles to a continuous flow process are presented. This strategy not only alleviates the challenges associated with the robust preparation of the material and the limitations of scalability, but also showcases a new continuous reactor capable of efficient and direct heating of the reaction mixture under microwave irradiation. This strategy was further used in the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Particles synthesized using this strategy as well as traditional synthesis methods, were evaluated in the context industrially relevant applications.
Author: Corbin Kelsay Livingston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon composites
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Author: Emily A.. Groover
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biotechnology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author's abstract: The synthesis of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) using materials-directed peptides is a novel, nontoxic approach which exerts a high level of control over the particle size and shape. This biomimetic technique is environmentally benign, featuring nonhazardous ligands and ambient conditions. Nanoparticles are extremely reactive catalysts, boasting a large surface-to-volume ratio when compared to their bulk counterparts. The rational design of these nanoparticles using peptides has been very successful in aqueous environments, but no research has been done to apply it in organic systems. As such, the biomimetic synthesis of Pd NPs in an organic system is here investigated, with ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvents of interest. These systems adapt palladium-binding peptides to incorporate a hydrophobic region on the -N terminus, -C terminus, and both N and C termini to aid in solvent interaction during nanoparticle synthesis. These peptides proved to successfully synthesize colloidal nanoparticles in both ethanol and DMSO. Their subsequent application as catalysts in the Suzuki-Miyaura carbon cross-coupling reaction facilitated a comparison of the peptide-capped nanoparticles’ catalytic activity. Catalytic studies indicate that the S2Pd4S2 peptide, with two hydrophobic regions, produced nanoparticles with the highest catalytic activity as compared to the other major peptides, suggesting that materials-directed peptides may be adapted and tuned to operate effectively in organic solvents.
Author: Christopher Michael Kruppe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical reactions
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Author: Didier Astruc
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527621334
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 663
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Book Description
Written by international experts, this monograph combines two of the most important aspects of modern chemistry, presenting the latest knowledge on these environmental friendly applications. This result is a comprehensive overview of the application of nanoparticles in catalysis, focusing on synthesis and the most important reaction types, providing all the information needed by catalytic, organic and solid state chemists, as well as those working with or on organometallics, materials scientists, and chemists in industry.
Author: Jiro Tsuji
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 596
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Book Description
Basic chemistry of organopalladium compounds; Classification of the reactions involving Pd(II) compounds and Pd(O) complexes.
Author: Abhijit Patil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Author: Elham Sadeghmoghaddam
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267703231
Category : Allyl alcohol
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Abstract: This thesis presents a synthetic method for alkanethiolate-functionalized Pd nanoparticles that are efficient catalysts for the isomerization of various allyl alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds. Pd nanoparticles are produced by the borohydride reduction of K 2 PdCl4 in toluene/H2 O using sodium S -dodecylthiosulfate as a source for the stabilizing ligands. The monolayer-capped Pd nanoparticles from sodium S -dodecylthiosulfate are quite comparable in composition (dodecylthiolate) and core size with those previously prepared from dodecanethiol. However, the catalytic activity of Pd nanoparticles generated from S -dodecylthiosulfate is found to be significantly greater than that of Pd nanoparticles prepared from dodecanethiol. Furthermore, the mechanism of the catalytic reactions and the regioselectivity of Pd nanoparticles in different environments are studied by changing the amount of H 2 gas, the type of solvent used for the catalytic reactions and the use of ligands with different chain length. Lastly, the high stability of homogeneous nanocatalysts is demonstrated by recycling dodecanethiolate-capped Pd nanoparticles over ten times for the isomerization reaction of allyl alcohol.
