Synthesis and Characterization of Transition-metal Nanocrystals and Their Application in Catalysis PDF Download
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Author: Guangjun Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Author: Guangjun Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Author: Hongseok Yun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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The d-block elements are very important in magnetics, electronics, catalysis, and biological systems. The synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse d-block element based nanocrystals with a precise control over the size, composition, and shape are important to utilize the nanocrystals in such applications. The goals of my thesis are to synthesize d-block transition metal based nanocrystals and understand their magnetic and catalytic properties. I present the size- and composition-dependent AC magnetic permeability of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals for radio frequency applications. The nanocrystals are synthesized through high-temperature solvothermal decomposition, and their stoichiometry is determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Size-dependent magnetic permeability is observed in maghemite nanocrystals, while as-synthesized, magnetite-rich, iron oxide nanocrystals do not show size dependence due to the inhomogeneous crystal structure of the as-synthesized nanocrystals. The saturation magnetization of iron oxide nanocrystals is increased by doping of non-magnetic Zn2+ into A site of ferrite, resulting the enhancement of the real part of the magnetic permeability of Zn0.25Fe2.75O4 nanocrystals by twofold compared to that of similarly sized ferrite nanocrystals. The integration of 12.3 nm Zn0.25Fe2.75O4 nanocrystals into a microfabricated toroidal inductor and a solenoid inductor yield higher quality factors than air core inductors with the same geometries. The ligand exchange with dendrimers reduces the blocking temperature of Mn0.08Zn0.33Fe2.59O4 nanocrystal, indicating the decrease of dipolar coupling between nanocrystals. The study on MnxFe3-xO4 and CoxFe3-xO4 nanocrystals shows a clear difference in DC and AC magnetic behaviors of soft and hard magnetic nanocrystals. The inductor with zinc ferrite nanocrystal core is embedded into a power converter and its temperature dependent energy efficiency is measured. The energy efficiency of a power converter with the nanocrystal core inductor rises as the temperature increases while that of the power converters with an air core inductor or commercial core inductor decreases. Finally, I describe the hydrodeoxygenation reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-dimethylfuran by metallic nanocrystals such as Pt, PtMn, PtFe, PtCo, and PtNi. Both conversion ratio and selectivity for 2,5-dimethylfuran show clear composition dependent catalytic properties and, in particular, 3.7 nm Pt3Co2 nanocrystals achieve 98 % of selectivity for 2,5-dimethylfuran.
Author: Daniel L. Fedlheim
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780585404394
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
A state-of-the-art reference, Metal Nanoparticles offers the latest research on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of nanoparticles. Following an introduction of structural, optical, electronic, and electrochemical properties of nanoparticles, the book elaborates on nanoclusters, hyper-Raleigh scattering, nanoarrays, and several applications including single electron devices, chemical sensors, biomolecule sensors, and DNA detection. The text emphasizes how size, shape, and surface chemistry affect particle performance throughout. Topics include synthesis and formation of nanoclusters, nanosphere lithography, modeling of nanoparticle optical properties, and biomolecule sensors.
Author: Karine Philippot
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527346074
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Nanoparticles in Catalysis Discover an essential overview of recent advances and trends in nanoparticle catalysis Catalysis in the presence of metal nanoparticles is an important and rapidly developing research field at the frontier of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. In Nanoparticles in Catalysis, accomplished chemists and authors Karine Philippot and Alain Roucoux deliver a comprehensive guide to the key aspects of nanoparticle catalysis, ranging from synthesis, activation methodology, characterization, and theoretical modeling, to application in important catalytic reactions, like hydrogen production and biomass conversion. The book offers readers a review of modern and efficient tools for the synthesis of nanoparticles in solution or onto supports. It emphasizes the application of metal nanoparticles in important catalytic reactions and includes chapters on activation methodology and supported nanoclusters. Written by an international team of leading voices in the field, Nanoparticles in Catalysis is an indispensable resource for researchers and professionals in academia and industry alike. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to New Trends in the Design of Metal Nanoparticles and Derived Nanomaterials for Catalysis An exploration of Dynamic Catalysis and the Interface Between Molecular and Heterogeneous Catalysts A practical discussion of Metal Nanoparticles in Water: A Relevant Toolbox for Green Catalysis Organometallic Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis A concise treatment of the opportunities and challenges of CO2 Hydrogenation to Oxygenated Chemicals Over Supported Nanoparticle Catalysts Perfect for catalytic, organic, inorganic, and physical chemists, Nanoparticles in Catalysis will also earn a place in the libraries of chemists working with organometallics and materials scientists seeking a one-stop resource with expert knowledge on the synthesis and characterization of nanoparticle catalysis.
Author: Wei Chen
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782628517
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
Metal nanoclusters, which bridge metal atoms and nanocrystals, are gaining attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties which differ greatly from their corresponding large nanoparticles and molecular compounds. Their electronic and optical properties are of particular interest for their use in sensing, optoelectronics, photovoltaics and catalysis. The book highlights recent progress and challenges in size-controlled synthesis, size-dependent properties, characterization and applications of metal nanoclusters. Specific topics include organochalcogenolate-stabilized metal nanoparticles, water-soluble fluorescent silver nanoclusters, thiolate-protected Au and Ag nanoclusters, DNA-templated metal nanoclusters, fluorescent platinum nanoclusters and janus nanoparticles by interfacial engineering. Edited by active researchers in the area, the book provides a valuable reference for researchers in the area of functional nanomaterials. It also provides a guide for graduate students, academic and industrial researchers interested in the fundamentals of the materials or their applications.
Author: Dharmarathna Arachchige Saminda Dharmarathna
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Kallum M. Koczkur
Publisher: American Chemical Society
ISBN: 0841299013
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Our society depends heavily on metals. They are ubiquitous construction materials, critical interconnects in integrated circuits, common coinage materials, and more. Excitingly, new uses for metals are emerging with the advent of nanoscience, as metal crystals with nanoscale dimensions can display new and tunable properties. The optical and photothermal properties of metal nanocrystals have led to cancer diagnosis and treatment platforms now in clinical trials, while, at the same time, the ability to tune the surface features of metal nanocrystals is giving rise to designer catalysts that enable more sustainable use of precious resources. These are just two examples of how metal nanocrystals are addressing important social needs.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Author: Philippe Serp
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527656898
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 741
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Book Description
Nanocatalysis has emerged as a field at the interface between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and offers unique solutions to the demanding requirements for catalyst improvement. Heterogeneous catalysis represents one of the oldest commercial applications of nanoscience and nanoparticles of metals, semiconductors, oxides, and other compounds have been widely used for important chemical reactions. The main focus of this fi eld is the development of well-defined catalysts, which may include both metal nanoparticles and a nanomaterial as the support. These nanocatalysts should display the benefits of both homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts, such as high efficiency and selectivity, stability and easy recovery/recycling. The concept of nanocatalysis is outlined in this book and, in particular, it provides a comprehensive overview of the science of colloidal nanoparticles. A broad range of topics, from the fundamentals to applications in catalysis, are covered, without excluding micelles, nanoparticles in ionic liquids, dendrimers, nanotubes, and nanooxides, as well as modeling, and the characterization of nanocatalysts, making it an indispensable reference for both researchers at universities and professionals in industry.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Recently, there has been growing interest in using transition metals (TM) for catalytic and electromagnetic applications, due to the ability of TMs to form stable compounds in multiple oxidation states. In this research, the focus has been on the synthesis and characterization of carbon-supported TM nanoparticles (NPs), specifically palladium (Pd) and gold (Au) NPs, for catalytic applications, and transition metal oxides (TMO) NPs, specifically Fe3O4 NPs for electromagnetic applications. Carbon supports have several advantages, such as enabling even distribution of particles, offering large specific surface area with excellent electron conductivity, and relative chemical inertness. In this dissertation, for catalytic applications, emphasis was on removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) from groundwater. For this application, carbon-supported Pd/Au NP catalysts were developed. Pd was chosen because it is more active, stable and selective for desired end-products, and Au has shown to be a good promotor of Pd's catalytic activity. Often, commercially available Pd-based catalysts are made using harsh chemicals, which can be harmful to the environment. Here, an environmentally friendly process with aspects of green chemistry was developed to produce carbon-supported Pd/Au NP catalysts. This process uses a combination of sonochemistry and solvothermal syntheses. The carefully designed carbon-supported Pd/Au NP catalyst material was systematically characterized, tested against TCE, and optimized for increased rate of removal of TCE. Electron microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were used to study the material including structure, configuration and oxidative state. The Pd/Au NPs were found mainly to form clusters with an aggregate-PdShellAuCore structure. Using state-of-the-art direct detection with electron energy loss spectroscopy, the Pd NPs were found to have an oxidative state of zero (0). The formation of the catalyst material was studied in detail by varying several synthesis parameters including type of solvent, sonication time, synthesis temperature etc. The most optimized catalyst was found remove TCE at double the rate of corresponding commercial Pd-based catalysts in a hydrogen headspace. This material was found to catalyze the removal of TCE via traditional hydrodehalogenation and shows promise for the removal of other contaminants such as trichloropropane (TCP), carbon tetrachloride (CT). The focus of this dissertation was on the development of a methodology for carbon-supported TM and TMO NPs for specific applications. It is envisioned that this approach and strategy will contribute towards the future optimization of similar material systems for a multitude of applications.
