Symptomology, Host Range, Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Syringae from Tomato in California PDF Download
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Author: Carlos Arredondo Rodriguez
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ISBN:
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Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Author: Carlos Arredondo Rodriguez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Author: Jeffrey Herng Chang
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Author: Wayne Lee Wiebe
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Author: Donald Yoshimi Kobayashi
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Category : Pseudomonas syringae
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Author: Jennifer Mae Lorang
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Category : Bacterial diseases of plants
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Author: Pamela Christine Ronald
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Author: Gary Leslie Andersen
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Author: Steve Baca
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Category : Pseudomonas infections
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
In a recent survey, it was observed that many woody plant species grown in Pacific Northwest nurseries exhibited disease symptoms typical of a bacterial infection and Pseudomonas syringae was commonly isolated from these tissues. The distribution of the ice nucleation phenotype among P. syringae strains recovered from these infected woody hosts was examined. More than eighty-five percent of the P. syringae strains from linden, lilac, dogwood and oriental magnolia samples were ice nucleation active (INA) at 5°C; 76% of the P. syringae strains from aspen were INA at -5°C; but only 30% of the P. syringae strains from Japanese pear and 24% of the red maple strains were active ice nucleators at this temperature. The P. syringae strains isolated from these seven plant hosts were variable relative to their ability to induce a hypersensitive response in tobacco leaves and their ability to induce pathogenic changes when injected into immature tomato fruits. The range in hypersensitivity response by P. syringae strains isolated from a particular host varied from 100% in aspen strains to 57% in Japanese pear while the range in potential pathogenic ability on tomato fruit varied from 100% in aspen to 36% in saucer magnolia. In November 1983, tissue samples were also obtained from fields of diseased sudan grass used as green manure, from fields of symptomless cereal rye grass grown as cover crops as well as from roadside grass species growing around the perimeter of nursery production areas. Large populations of pathogenic and INA strains of P. syringae were isolated from these grass strains with populations of fluorescent pseudomonads exceeding 109 cfu/g fresh tissue from sudan samples whereas populations of 109 cfu/g were obtained from cereal rye grass and roadside grass samples. Eighty-one randomly selected strains from these isolations were tested using the L0PAT determination scheme for fluorescent pseudomonad identification. Fifty-eight of the 81 strains (72%) were similar to P. syringae, whereas 34 (59%) of the 58 strains were ice nucleation active at -5°C. Thirty-one of the 58 strains induced a hypersensitive response in tobacco leaves, and 29 (50%) were pathogenic to green fruit of tomato. Several P. syringae strains isolated from sudan and cereal rye grass were pathogenic when inoculated to greenhouse grown sudan seedlings; however, none of the strains tested were pathogenic to cereal rye grass seedlings in the greenhouse. Three of six P. syringae strains tested were also pathogenic to young shoots and leaves of peach trees maintained in a greenhouse chamber at high humidity.
Author: Dimitrios Tsaltas
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Gregory Bertoni
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Category : Beans
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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The in planta growth of three wild type strains of phytopathogenic bacteria and three nonpathogenic mutant strains was studied to determine if mutations eliminating the ability of the mutant strains to cause disease had affected their growth in leaf tissue. The mutant strains were obtained by Tn5 mutagenesis of Pseudomonas svringae pv. phaseolicola strain PP7010 and P. svringae pv. svringae strain PS9020, organisms which respectively cause halo blight of bean and bacterial brown spot of bean. Through cloning of Tn5-containing genomic DNA, bacterial conjugation, auxanography, and genetic marker exchange experiments, these studies demonstrated that the Tn5 mutation in strain PP7014 of P. svringae pv. phaseolicola had created an auxotrophic requirement for uracil and had caused an inability to produce typical necrotic and chlorotic disease symptoms in bean leaves. A simple and reproducible bioassay was developed to monitor bacterial growth in leaf tissue. Using this bioassay, mutant PP7014 was shown to be incapable of growth in planta, presumably due to its inability to obtain uracil for growth in the leaf. However, a similar Tn5 arginine auxotroph, PP7510, was capable of multiplication in bean leaves, demonstrating that prototrophy of P. svringae pv. phaseolicola is not a prerequisite for pathogenicity. Growth studies with pathogenic wild type P. syringae pv. syringae strains J900 and PS9020 revealed a correlation between growth in planta and the severity of symptom expression. Altered growth patterns and symptom expression were shown for two nonpathogenic strains derived by Tn5. mutagenesis of PS9020. Mutant strain PS9021 was incapable of in planta growth and disease symptom expression. Mutant strain PS9024, although initially capable of rapid multiplication in bean leaves, was unable to maintain the high population levels and produce the characteristic symptoms of the parental wild type strain. Further growth studies were conducted to investigate the complementation of the Tn5 mutation in PS9021 by cosmids containing wild type PS9020 DNA homologous to the mutated region. Although stable throughout multiple rounds of bacterial replication, the cosmids could partially, but not completely, restore the wild type in planta growth and symptom expression pattern to PS9021.
