Survey and Analysis of Full Depth Precast Prestressed Concrete Panels for Bridge Deck Replacement PDF Download
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Author: Ahmad-Talal Idriss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Author: Ahmad-Talal Idriss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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Book Description
Precast bridge deck panels can be used in place of a cast-in-place concrete deck to reduce bridge closure times for deck replacements or new bridge construction. The panels are prefabricated at a precasting plant providing optimal casting and curing conditions, which should result in highly durable decks. Precast panels can be either full-depth or partial-depth. Partial-depth panels act as a stay-in-place form for a cast-in-place concrete topping. This study investigated only the behavior of full-depth precast panels. The research described in this report had two primary objectives. The first was to develop a performance specification for the grout that fills the haunch between the top of the beam and the bottom of the deck panel, as well as the horizontal shear connector pockets and the panel-to-panel joints. Tests were performed using standard or modified ASTM tests to determine basic material properties on eight types of grout. The grouts were also used in tests that approximated the conditions in a deck panel system. Based on these tests, requirements for shrinkage, compressive strength, and flow were established for the grouts. It was more difficult to establish a test method and an acceptable performance level for adhesion, an important property for the strength and durability of the deck panel system. The second objective was to quantify the horizontal shear strength of the connection between the deck panel and the beam prestressed concrete beams. This portion of the research also investigated innovative methods of creating the connection. Push-off tests were conducted using several types of grout and a variety of connections. These tests were used to develop equations for the horizontal shear strength of the details. Two promising alternate connections, the hidden pocket detail and the shear stud detail, were tested for constructibility and strength. The final outcome of this study a set of recommendations for the design, detailing, and construction of the connection between full-depth precast deck panels and prestressed concrete I-beams. If designed and constructed properly, the deck panel system is an excellent option when rapid bridge deck construction or replacement is required.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Author: Maher K. Tadros
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Author: John Robert Kintz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Horizontally curved girder bridges are often utilized for highway interchanges and other projects with restricted right-of-way. The large torsional demands caused by the girder geometry often require these systems to have extensive bracing, typically in the form of cross frames or diaphragms, to increase the torsional stiffness of the girder system during the construction phase. The most critical stage for the bracing is during the deck placement, when the noncomposite girders must resist the full construction load. Partial depth precast concrete panels (PCPs) are prestressed concrete panels used primarily as stay-in-place (SIP) formwork for straight girder systems. They are placed on full-length extruded bedding strips epoxied to the girder top flange, and the remaining depth of the deck is cast above. This is a time-efficient method of construction, and has become an attractive option due to ease of constructability and deck longevity. Although the panels have not been used on horizontally curved girder systems, there is a desire by bridge owners and contractors to use the forms in some curved girder applications. In addition to using the panels on curved girder applications, engaging the in-plane shear stiffness of the panels may lead to significant bracing in both straight and horizontally curved girder applications. A research investigation focused on measuring the behavior of PCPs acting as a shear diaphragm, as well as to develop an adequate connection between the PCPs and the girders was conducted at The University of Texas at Austin. Four PCP connection details were developed and tested at two different bedding strip heights. These connections were designed for a range of capacities, and in-plane shear load was applied until failure using a frame mechanism assembly. The experimental results showed that the connected PCPs had significant shear stiffness and strength, with the panels reaching shear capacities between 91 and 154 kips before failure depending on the connection detail that was utilized. A 46 to 70 percent increase in shear stiffness was also observed when the bedding strip height was reduced from 4 inches to 1⁄2 inch. All panels greatly exceeded the design capacity using the ACI design predictions, with 7 of 8 panels eventually failing due to concrete side face breakout. The eighth PCP failed from weld rupture in which the weld connecting the WT and the girder flange began to unzip.
Author: Alfred Antonious Yousif
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Author: Mohiuddin Ali Khan
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0124072259
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 651
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Book Description
The traveling public has no patience for prolonged, high cost construction projects. This puts highway construction contractors under intense pressure to minimize traffic disruptions and construction cost. Actively promoted by the Federal Highway Administration, there are hundreds of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) construction programs in the United States, Europe and Japan. Accelerated Bridge Construction: Best Practices and Techniques provides a wide range of construction techniques, processes and technologies designed to maximize bridge construction or reconstruction operations while minimizing project delays and community disruption. Describes design methods for accelerated bridge substructure construction; reducing foundation construction time and methods by using pile bents Explains applications to steel bridges, temporary bridges in place of detours using quick erection and demolition Covers design-build systems' boon to ABC; development of software; use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) Includes applications to glulam and sawn lumber bridges, precast concrete bridges, precast joints details; use of lightweight aggregate concrete, aluminum and high-performance steel
Author: Jared T. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
The development of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques and connection details has become a national research focus. With the aging of the interstate system and many bridges on key routes requiring extensive rehabilitation or replacement, the economic impact of construction time has become a key factor in the design of bridges. Several states have successfully standardized the ABC approach with high rates of public satisfaction. Compared to other ABC techniques, the technologies for pre-fabricated bridge decks are relatively mature. However, this technology has not been incorporated in Nevada. The goal of this research project is to develop design guidelines and specifications on the use of pre-fabricated bridge decks for Nevada based on existing techniques. A state-of-the-art literature review summarizing existing practices for the implementation of prefabricated deck panels was prepared. This information was used to assemble a survey that was sent to representatives of all state DOTs. The survey requested information from each DOT on their experience with prefabricated deck panels, connection details that were used, and the field performance of the panels and connections. Information from the literature review and survey was used to develop design specifications and recommendations for the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT). These specifications were supplemented with a design aid spreadsheet and finite element models to validate the provisions in the specifications and aid in the implementation of this technology. As part of this implementation, two design methods were developed: a simplified (design aid spreadsheet) method and a model based method. Survey results showed that full-depth prefabricated deck panels performed better and saved time compared to partial depth panels. Because of this, full-depth deck panels were the primary focus in this project. Results from the survey showed that guidelines and connection details developed by the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) Northeast committee (PCI, 2011a) were widely used and led to satisfactory performance. These guidelines were used as the foundation for the proposed design specifications for NDOT. Information from the survey and literature review were used to supplement the PCI guidelines and add information specific to Nevada's needs. The guidelines were used to design full-depth deck panel systems for two existing bridges. The simplified and model based methods were applied to both design examples to determine whether the design specifications could be used to appropriately design full-depth deck systems for different cases. The results from the two design examples showed that the full-depth deck panel systems performed as expected and could be designed using the existing AASHTO and PCI provisions. Additional modeling beyond simple hand calculations was required for skewed and curved bridges. Based on these findings, prefabricated full-depth deck panels are recommended for use in ABC projects in Nevada using the assembled design specifications and design procedures created for this project.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Precast concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 824
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Author: Umid Azimov
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Precast, prestressed concrete panels (PCPs) have been widely used in Texas as stay-in-place formwork in bridge deck construction. Although PCPs are widely popular and extensively used, Texas is experiencing problems with collinear cracks (cracks along the strands) in panels. One reason for the formation of collinear cracks is thought to be the required level of initial prestress. Currently, PCPs are designed assuming a 45-ksi, lump-sum prestress loss. If the prestress losses are demonstrated to be lower than this value, this could justify the use of a lower initial prestress, probably resulting in fewer collinear cracks. For this purpose, 20 precast, prestressed panels were cast at two different plants. Half of those 20 panels were fabricated with the current TxDOT-required prestress of 16.1 kips per strand, and the other half were fabricated with a lower prestress of 14.4 kips per strand based on initially observed prestress losses of 25 ksi or less. Thirteen of those panels were instrumented with strain gages and monitored over their life time. Observed losses stabilized after five months, and are found to be about 24.4 ksi. Even with the reduced initial prestress, the remaining prestress in all panels exceeds the value now assumed by TxDOT for design.
