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Languages : en
Pages : 124
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"PROBLEM: Continuous monitoring of behaviors that increase the risk for chronic diseases and use of preventive practices are essential for the development, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion programs and policies, and other intervention strategies to prevent morbidity and mortality. Data from states/territories, selected metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and counties provide the impetus for policymakers and other stakeholders to develop and promote the improvement of their community's overall health status. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: Data in this report were collected during January 1-December 31, 2004, from states/territories, MMSAs, and counties that participated in the 2004 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: BRFSS is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit--dialed telephone survey that employs a multistage cluster design. BRFSS collects information on health risk behaviors and preventive health practices related to the leading causes of death from the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population aged> or =18 years. During 2004, a total of 49 states, the District of Columbia (DC), Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands participated in BRFSS. Among these states and territories, completed surveys were collected from a selection of 134 MMSAs and 199 counties. RESULTS: Prevalence of high-risk behaviors for chronic diseases, awareness of specific medical conditions, screening for certain cancers, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state/territory, MMSA, and county. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied by state/territory, MMSA, and county. In 2004, HP 2010 objectives for 100% health-care coverage and vaccination for pneumonia and influenza among persons aged> or =65 years were not achieved by any state/territory, MMSA, or county. Twelve states/territories, 47 MMSAs, and 74 counties achieved the HP 2010 objective of or =20% of adults engaged in no leisure-time physical activity or exercise. The HP 2010 objective to reduce the proportion of adults who currently smoke cigarettes to or =12% was achieved by two states/territories, four MMSAs, and six counties. One MMSA and one county achieved the HP 2010 target of or =6% who engage in binge drinking during the month preceding the survey. The HP 2010 target of
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
"PROBLEM: Continuous monitoring of behaviors that increase the risk for chronic diseases and use of preventive practices are essential for the development, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion programs and policies, and other intervention strategies to prevent morbidity and mortality. Data from states/territories, selected metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and counties provide the impetus for policymakers and other stakeholders to develop and promote the improvement of their community's overall health status. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: Data in this report were collected during January 1-December 31, 2004, from states/territories, MMSAs, and counties that participated in the 2004 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: BRFSS is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit--dialed telephone survey that employs a multistage cluster design. BRFSS collects information on health risk behaviors and preventive health practices related to the leading causes of death from the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population aged> or =18 years. During 2004, a total of 49 states, the District of Columbia (DC), Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands participated in BRFSS. Among these states and territories, completed surveys were collected from a selection of 134 MMSAs and 199 counties. RESULTS: Prevalence of high-risk behaviors for chronic diseases, awareness of specific medical conditions, screening for certain cancers, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state/territory, MMSA, and county. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied by state/territory, MMSA, and county. In 2004, HP 2010 objectives for 100% health-care coverage and vaccination for pneumonia and influenza among persons aged> or =65 years were not achieved by any state/territory, MMSA, or county. Twelve states/territories, 47 MMSAs, and 74 counties achieved the HP 2010 objective of or =20% of adults engaged in no leisure-time physical activity or exercise. The HP 2010 objective to reduce the proportion of adults who currently smoke cigarettes to or =12% was achieved by two states/territories, four MMSAs, and six counties. One MMSA and one county achieved the HP 2010 target of or =6% who engage in binge drinking during the month preceding the survey. The HP 2010 target of
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
"PROBLEM: Continuous monitoring of behaviors that increase the risk for chronic diseases and use of preventive practices are essential for the development, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion programs and policies, and other intervention strategies to prevent morbidity and mortality. Data from states/territories, selected metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and counties provide the impetus for policymakers and other stakeholders to develop and promote the improvement of their community's overall health status. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: Data in this report were collected during January 1-December 31, 2004, from states/territories, MMSAs, and counties that participated in the 2004 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: BRFSS is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit--dialed telephone survey that employs a multistage cluster design. BRFSS collects information on health risk behaviors and preventive health practices related to the leading causes of death from the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population aged> or =18 years. During 2004, a total of 49 states, the District of Columbia (DC), Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands participated in BRFSS. Among these states and territories, completed surveys were collected from a selection of 134 MMSAs and 199 counties. RESULTS: Prevalence of high-risk behaviors for chronic diseases, awareness of specific medical conditions, screening for certain cancers, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state/territory, MMSA, and county. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied by state/territory, MMSA, and county. In 2004, HP 2010 objectives for 100% health-care coverage and vaccination for pneumonia and influenza among persons aged> or =65 years were not achieved by any state/territory, MMSA, or county. Twelve states/territories, 47 MMSAs, and 74 counties achieved the HP 2010 objective of or =20% of adults engaged in no leisure-time physical activity or exercise. The HP 2010 objective to reduce the proportion of adults who currently smoke cigarettes to or =12% was achieved by two states/territories, four MMSAs, and six counties. One MMSA and one county achieved the HP 2010 target of or =6% who engage in binge drinking during the month preceding the survey. The HP 2010 target of
Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781494721176
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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The findings in this report indicate a wide variation in health-risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive services among U.S. adults at the state/territory, MMSA, and county level. The findings underscore a need for continuous efforts to evaluate public health intervention programs and policies designed to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by chronic disease and injury.
Author: Lina Balluz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Problem: Chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Engaging in healthy behaviors (e.g., quitting smoking and tobacco use, being more physically active, and eating a nutritious diet) and accessing preventive health-care services (e.g., routine physical checkups, screening for cancer, checking blood pressure, testing blood cholesterol, and receiving recommended vaccinations) can reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic and infectious disease and lower medical costs. Monitoring and evaluating health-risk behaviors and the use of health services is essential to developing intervention programs, promotion strategies, and health policies that address public health at multiple levels, including state, territory, metropolitan and micropolitan statistical area (MMSA), and county. Reporting Period: January-December 2010. Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services and practices related to the leading causes of death and disabilities in the United States. This report presents results for 2010 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 192 MMSAs, and 302 counties. Results: In 2010, the estimated prevalence of high-risk health behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. In the following summary of results, each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for the disease, condition, or behaviors, as reported by survey respondents. Adults reporting good or better health: 67.9%-89.3% for states and territories, 72.2%-92.1% for MMSAs, and 72.8%-95.8% for counties. Adults with health-care coverage: 69.4%-95.7% for states and territories, 45.7%-97.0% for MMSAs, and 45.7%-97.2% for counties. Adults who had a dental visit in the past year: 57.2%-81.7% for states and territories, 47.1%-83.5% for MMSAs, and 47.1%-88.2% for counties. Adults aged ≥65 years having had all their natural teeth extracted (edentulism): 7.4%-36.0% for states and territories, 4.8%-34.8% for MMSAs, and 2.4%-39.3% for counties. A routine physical checkup during the preceding 12 months: 53.8%-80.0% for states and territories, 49.5%-82.6% for MMSAs, and 49.5%-85.3% for counties. Influenza vaccination received during the preceding 12 months among adults aged ≥65 years: 26.9%-73.4% for states and territories, 51.7%-77.1% for MMSAs, and 49.3%-87.8% for counties. Pneumococcal vaccination ever received among adults aged ≥65 years: 24.7%-74.0% for states and territories, 48.6%-79.9% for MMSAs, and 47.6%-83.1% for counties. Sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy ever received among adults aged ≥50 years: 37.8%-75.7% for states and territories, 37.3%-79.9% for MMSAs, and 37.3%-82.5% for counties. Blood stool test received during the preceding 2 years among adults aged ≥50 years: 8.5%-27.0% for states and territories, 6.7%-51.3% for MMSAs, and 6.8%-57.2% for counties. Women who reported having had a Papanicolaou test during the preceding 3 years: 67.8%-88.9% for states and territories, 63.3%-91.2% for MMSAs, and 63.2%-95.7% for counties. Women aged ≥40 years who had a mammogram during the preceding 2 years: 63.8%-83.6% for states and territories, 60.3%-86.2% for MMSAs, and 59.3%-89.7% for counties. Current cigarette smokers: 5.8%-26.8% for states and territories, 5.8%-28.5% for MMSAs, and 5.9%-29.8% for counties. Binge drinking during the preceding month: 6.6%-21.6% for states and territories, 3.6%-23.0% for MMSAs, and 3.8%-24.0% for counties. Heavy drinking during the preceding month: 2.0%-7.2% for states and territories, 1.0%-10.0% for MMSAs, and 1.0%-14.2% for counties. Adults reporting no leisure-time physical activity: 17.5%-42.3% for states and territories, 13.1%-37.6% for MMSAs, and 8.5%-39.0% for counties. Adults who were overweight: 32.6%-40.7% for states and territories, 28.5%-42.5% for MMSAs, and 27.2%-46.4% for counties. Adults aged ≥20 years who were obese: 22.1%-35.0% for states and territories, 17.1%-42.1% for MMSAs, and 13.3%-42.1% for counties. Adults with current asthma: 5.2%-11.1% for states and territories, 3.4%-14.5% for MMSAs, and 3.3%-14.6% for counties. Adults with diagnosed diabetes: 5.3%-13.2% for states and territories, 4.6%-15.4% for MMSAs, and 2.6%-18.8% for counties. Adults with limited activities because of physical, mental or emotional problems: 10.8%-28.2% for states and territories, 13.5%-38.3% for MMSAs, and 11.7%-32.0% for counties. Adults using special equipment because of any health problem: 2.8%-10.6% for states and territories, 4.5%-15.5% for MMSAs, and 1.3%-15.5% for counties. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 5.3%-16.7% for states and territories, 6.5%-19.6% for MMSAs, and 4.9%-19.6% for counties. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had a stroke: 2.4%-7.1% for states and territories, 2.3%-8.8% for MSMAs, and 1.7%-8.8% for counties. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate substantial variations in the health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health-care services, and the use of the preventive health services among U.S. adults at the state and territory, MMSA, and county levels. Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives were established to monitor health behaviors, conditions, and the use of preventive health services for the first decade of the 2000s. The findings in this report indicate that many of the HP 2010 objectives were not achieved by 2010. The findings underscore the continued need for surveillance of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases, and conditions and of the use of preventive health-care services. Public Health Action: Local and state health departments and federal agencies use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for certain health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases, and conditions and to evaluate the use of preventive health-care services. BRFSS data also are used to direct, implement, monitor, and evaluate public health programs and policies that can lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality from chronic conditions and corresponding health-risk behaviors.
Author: Pranesh P. Chowdhury
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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"Problem: Behavioral risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and excessive drinking are linked to the leading causes of death in the United States. Controlling these behavioral risk factors and using preventive health services (e.g., influenza and pneumococcal vaccination of adults aged >65 years and hypertension and cholesterol screenings) can substantially reduce the morbidity and mortality in the U.S. population. Continuous monitoring of these behaviors and preventive services are essential for developing health promotion, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county level. Reporting Period Covered: Data collected in 2005 are presented for states/territories, selected metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), metropolitan divisions, and selected counties. Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit--dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population aged >18 years. BRFSS collects information on health risk behaviors and preventive health services related to leading causes of death. All 50 states, the District of Columbia (DC), the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands participated in BRFSS during 2005. Within these states and territories, 153 MMSAs and 232 counties that reported data for at least 500 respondents or a minimum sample size of 19 per weighting class were included in the analyses. Results: Prevalence of health-risk behaviors, awareness of specific medical conditions, and use of preventive services varied substantially by state/territory, MMSA, and county. In 2005, prevalence of health insurance ranged from 60% to 95% for states/territories, MMSAs, and counties. Prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity ranged from 16% to 49% for states/territories, 14% to 36% for MMSAs, and 12% to 41% for counties. Prevalence of adults who engaged in at least moderate physical activity ranged from 33% to 62%, and prevalence of vigorous physical activity ranged from 15% to 42% for states/territories, MMSAs, and counties. Prevalence of adults who currently smoke cigarettes ranged from 6% to 35% for states/territories, MMSAs, and counties. The prevalence of binge drinking was substantially higher than the prevalence of heavy drinking across all the states/territories, MMSAs, and counties. Prevalence of adults who were overweight ranged from 53% to 67 % for states/territories, 49% to 70% for MMSAs, and 44% to 71% for counties. Prevalence of current asthma ranged from 4% to 14% for states/territories, MMSAs, and counties. Prevalence of diabetes ranged from 4% to 14% for states/territories and MMSAs and from 3% to 14% for counties. Proportion of respondents with high blood pressure ranged from 13% to 39% for states/territories, MMSAs and counties. Prevalence of respondents with high cholesterol ranged from 31% to 41% for states/territories and 26% to 47% for MMSAs and counties. The prevalence estimates for respondents who reported being limited in any way in any activities because of physical, mental, or emotional problems ranged from 10% to 27% for states/territories, 12% to 31% for MMSAs, and 10% to 27% for counties. The percentage of respondents who required use of special equipment ranged from 4% to 10% for the states/territories, 3% to 15% for MMSAs, and 3% to 11% for counties. Prevalence of fair or poor health ranged from 11% to 34% for states/territories and 6% to 26% for MMSAs and counties. The prevalence of adults who checked their cholesterol during the preceding 5 years ranged from 55% to 86% for states/territories, MMSAs, and counties. Prevalence of annual influenza vaccination among adults aged >65 years ranged from 32% to 78% for states/territories, 48% to 83% for MMSAs, and 41% to 84% for counties. The estimated prevalence of pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged >65 years ranged from 28% to 72% for states/territories, 52% to 82% for MMSAs, and 35% to 83% for counties. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate a wide variation in health-risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive services among U.S. adults at the state/territory, MMSA, and county level. The findings underscore a need for continuous efforts to evaluate public health intervention programs and policies designed to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by chronic disease and injury. Public Health Action: The 2005 BRFSS data indicate a need for continued monitoring of health-risk behaviors, specific disease conditions, and use of preventive services to identify high-risk populations and to implement and monitor health-promotion programs and health policies at the state/territory, MMSA, and county level. " - p. 1
Author: Pranesh P. Chowdhury
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Greta Kilmer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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"Problem: Behavioral risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and excessive drinking are linked to the leading causes of death in the United States. Controlling these behavioral risk factors and using preventive health services (e.g., influenza vaccinations and cholesterol screenings) can reduce morbidity and mortality in the U.S. population substantially. Continuous monitoring both of health behaviors and of the use of preventive services is essential for developing health promotion activities, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county level. Reporting Period Covered: January--December 2006. Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit--dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population aged >18 years. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors and use of preventive health services related to the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. This report presents results for 2006 for all 50 states, DC, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 145 selected metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and 234 corresponding counties. Results: Prevalence estimates of risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and the use of preventive services varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of fair or poor health ranged from 11% to 33% for states and territories, from 8% to 24% for MMSAs, and from 5% to 24% for counties. The estimated prevalence of health-care coverage ranged from 61% to 96% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated prevalence of teeth extraction among adults aged >65 years was lowest in Hawaii (10%) and highest in Kentucky (39%) and West Virginia (41%). The estimated prevalence of activity limitation as a result of physical, mental, or emotional problems ranged from 10% to 28% for states and territories, from 13% to 36% for MMSAs, and from 11% to 29% for counties. The estimated prevalence of adults who had a recent routine checkup ranged from 45% to 81% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated prevalence of annual influenza vaccination among adults aged >65 years was lowest in Puerto Rico (33%) and highest in Colorado (76%). The estimated prevalence of pneumococcal vaccination among older adults ranged from 30% to 75% for states and territories, from 52% to 80% for MMSAs, and from 42% to 82% for counties. The estimated prevalence of sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy among adults aged >50 years ranged from 38% to 84% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated prevalence among adults aged >50 years who had a blood stool test during the preceding 2 years was lowest in Puerto Rico (5%) and highest in DC and Maine (33%). The estimated prevalence among women having a Papanicolaou (Pap) test during the preceding 3 years ranged from 72% to 89% for states and territories, from 75% to 94% for MMSAs, and from 75% to 95% in counties. The estimated prevalence among women aged >40 years having a mammogram during the preceding 2 years ranged from 60% to 89% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated prevalence among men aged >40 years who had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test during the preceding 2 years was lowest in Hawaii (40%) and highest in Puerto Rico (66%). The estimated prevalence of cigarette smoking ranged from 9% to 29% for states and territories and from 6% to 31% for MMSAs and counties. The estimated prevalence of binge drinking was lowest in Kentucky and Tennessee (9%) and highest in Wisconsin (24%). The estimated prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity ranged from 11% to 41% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. Seat belt use was lowest in North and South Dakota (58%) and highest in California, Hawaii, and Washington (92%). The estimated prevalence among adults who were overweight ranged from 32% to 40% for states and territories, from 31% to 45% for MMSAs, and from 24% to 49% for counties. The estimated prevalence of obesity ranged from 10% to 46% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated current asthma prevalence ranged from 3% to 14% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated prevalence of diabetes ranged from 2% to 13% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. The estimated prevalence of coronary heart disease among adults aged >45 years ranged from 5% to 20% for states and territories. The estimated prevalence of a history of stroke history among adults aged >45 years ranged from 2% to 10% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. Interpretation: This report indicates that substantial variations in health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, and the use of preventive health services exist among adults from state to state and within states and underscores the continued need for prevention and health promotion activities at the local, state, and federal levels. Public Health Action: Healthy People 2010 objectives have been established to monitor health behaviors and the use of preventive health services. Local and state health departments and federal agencies use BRFSS data to measure progress toward achieving national and local health objectives. Continued surveillance is needed to design, implement, and evaluate public health policies and programs that can lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality from the effects of health-risk behaviors and subsequent chronic conditions. " - p. 1-2
Author: Haci Akcin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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"Problem: Chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes) are the leading causes of death in the United States. Controlling health risk behaviors (e.g., smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet, and excessive drinking) and using preventive health-care services (e.g., cancer, hypertension, and cholesterol screenings) can reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases. Monitoring health-risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, and preventive care practices is essential to develop health promotion activities, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county levels. Reporting Period Covered: January 2007-December 2007 Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a state-based, on-going, random-digit-dialed household telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged =>18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors and use of preventative health services related to the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. This report presents results for 2007 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, 184 metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and 298 counties. Results: In 2007, prevalence estimates of risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and the use of preventive services varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. The following is a summary of results listed by BRFSS question topic. Each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for the disease, condition, or behavior, as reported by the survey subject. Adults who reported fair or poor health: 11% to 32% for states and territories and 6% to 31% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with health-care coverage: 71% to 94% for states and territories and 51% to 97% for MMSAs and counties. Annual influenza vaccination among adults aged =>65 years: 32% to 80% for states and territories, 48% to 83% for MMSAs, and 44% to 88% for counties. Pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged =>65 years: 26% to 74% for states and territories, 44% to 83% for MMSAs, and 39% to 87% for counties. Adults who had their cholesterol checked within the preceding 5 years: 66% to 85% for states and territories and 58% to 90% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who consumed at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day: 14% to 33% for states and territories, 16% to 34% for MMSAs and 14% to 37% for counties. Adults who reported no leisure-time physical activity: 17% to 44% for states and territories and 9% to 38% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity: 31% to 61% for states and territories and 36% to 67% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who engaged in only vigorous physical activity: 19% to 40% for states and territories and 15% to 45% for MMSAs and counties. Cigarette smoking among adults: 9% to 31% for states and territories, 7% to 34% for MMSAs, and 7% to 30% for counties. Binge drinking among adults: 3% to 8% for states and territories. Adults classified as overweight: 33% to 40% for states and territories and 26% to 47% for MMSAs and counties. Adults aged =>20 years who were obese: 20% to 34% for states and territories and 14% to 38% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who were told of a diabetes diagnosis: 5% to 13% for states and territories and 2% to 17% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with high blood pressure diagnosis: 21% to 35% for states and territories and 16% to 38% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who had high blood cholesterol: 28% to 43% for states and territories, 29% to 49% for MMSAs, and 26% to 51% for counties. Adults with a history of coronary heart disease: 2% to 14% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. Adults who were told of a stroke diagnosis: 1% to 7% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. Adults who were diagnosed with arthritis: 14% to 36% for states and territories and 16% to 40% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who had asthma: 5% to 10% for states and territories and 3% to 13% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with activity limitation associated with physical, mental, or emotional problems: 10% to 26% for states and territories. Adults who required special equipment because of health problems: 3% to 10% for states and territories and 3% to 14% for MMSAs and counties. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate substantial variation in self-reported health status, health-care coverage, use of preventive health-care services, health behaviors leading to chronic health conditions, and disability among U.S. adults at the state and territory, MMSA, and county levels. The findings underscore the continued need for surveillance of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, and the use of preventive services. Public Health Actions: Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives have been established to monitor health behaviors and the use of preventive health services. Local and state health departments and federal agencies use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for certain health behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions and to evaluate the use of preventive services. In addition, BRFSS data are used to direct, implement, monitor, and evaluate public health programs and policies that can lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality." - p. 1-2
