Author: D.D. Janke
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643680692
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
The distributed setting of RDF stores in the cloud poses many challenges, including how to optimize data placement on the compute nodes to improve query performance. In this book, a novel benchmarking methodology is developed for data placement strategies; one that overcomes these limitations by using a data-placement-strategy-independent distributed RDF store to analyze the effect of the data placement strategies on query performance. Frequently used data placement strategies have been evaluated, and this evaluation challenges the commonly held belief that data placement strategies which emphasize local computation lead to faster query executions. Indeed, results indicate that queries with a high workload can be executed faster on hash-based data placement strategies than on, for example, minimal edge-cut covers. The analysis of additional measurements indicates that vertical parallelization (i.e., a well-distributed workload) may be more important than horizontal containment (i.e., minimal data transport) for efficient query processing. Two such data placement strategies are proposed: the first, found in the literature, is entitled overpartitioned minimal edge-cut cover, and the second is the newly developed molecule hash cover. Evaluation revealed a balanced query workload and a high horizontal containment, which lead to a high vertical parallelization. As a result, these strategies demonstrated better query performance than other frequently used data placement strategies. The book also tests the hypothesis that collocating small connected triple sets on the same compute node while balancing the amount of triples stored on the different compute nodes leads to a high vertical parallelization.
Author: Carlos Ordonez
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030275205
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 323
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Big Data Analytics and Knowledge Discovery, DaWaK 2019, held in Linz, Austria, in September 2019. The 12 full papers and 10 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Applications; patterns; RDF and streams; big data systems; graphs and machine learning; databases.
Author: I. Tiddi
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643680811
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
The latest advances in Artificial Intelligence and (deep) Machine Learning in particular revealed a major drawback of modern intelligent systems, namely the inability to explain their decisions in a way that humans can easily understand. While eXplainable AI rapidly became an active area of research in response to this need for improved understandability and trustworthiness, the field of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KRR) has on the other hand a long-standing tradition in managing information in a symbolic, human-understandable form. This book provides the first comprehensive collection of research contributions on the role of knowledge graphs for eXplainable AI (KG4XAI), and the papers included here present academic and industrial research focused on the theory, methods and implementations of AI systems that use structured knowledge to generate reliable explanations. Introductory material on knowledge graphs is included for those readers with only a minimal background in the field, as well as specific chapters devoted to advanced methods, applications and case-studies that use knowledge graphs as a part of knowledge-based, explainable systems (KBX-systems). The final chapters explore current challenges and future research directions in the area of knowledge graphs for eXplainable AI. The book not only provides a scholarly, state-of-the-art overview of research in this subject area, but also fosters the hybrid combination of symbolic and subsymbolic AI methods, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Author: L. Asprino
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681095
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Social robots are embodied agents that perform knowledge-intensive tasks involving several kinds of information from different heterogeneous sources. This book, Engineering Background Knowledge for Social Robots, introduces a component-based architecture for supporting the knowledge-intensive tasks performed by social robots. The design was based on the requirements of a real socially-assistive robotic application, and all the components contribute to and benefit from the knowledge base which is its cornerstone. The knowledge base is structured by a set of interconnected and modularized ontologies which model the information, and is initially populated with linguistic, ontological and factual knowledge retrieved from Linked Open Data. Access to the knowledge base is guaranteed by Lizard, a tool providing software components, with an API for accessing facts stored in the knowledge base in a programmatic and object-oriented way. The author introduces two methods for engineering the knowledge needed by robots, a novel method for automatically integrating knowledge from heterogeneous sources with a frame-driven approach, and a novel empirical method for assessing foundational distinctions over Linked Open Data entities from a common-sense perspective. These effectively enable the evolution of the robot’s knowledge by automatically integrating information derived from heterogeneous sources and the generation of common-sense knowledge using Linked Open Data as an empirical basis. The feasibility and benefits of the architecture have been assessed through a prototype deployed in a real socially-assistive scenario, and the book presents two applications and the results of a qualitative and quantitative evaluation.
Author: G. Cota
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681435
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
Semantic Web technologies enable people to create data stores on the Web, build vocabularies, and write rules for handling data. They have been in use for several years now, and knowledge extraction and knowledge discovery are two key aspects investigated in a number of research fields which can potentially benefit from the application of semantic web technologies, and specifically from the development and reuse of ontologies. This book, Applications and Practices in Ontology Design, Extraction, and Reasoning, has as its main goal the provision of an overview of application fields for semantic web technologies. In particular, it investigates how state-of-the-art formal languages, models, methods, and applications of semantic web technologies reframe research questions and approaches in a number of research fields. The book also aims to showcase practical tools and background knowledge for the building and querying of ontologies. The first part of the book presents the state-of-the-art of ontology design, applications and practices in a number of communities, and in doing so it provides an overview of the latest approaches and techniques for building and reusing ontologies according to domain-dependent and independent requirements. Once the data is represented according to ontologies, it is important to be able to query and reason about them, also in the presence of uncertainty, vagueness and probabilities. The second part of the book covers some of the latest advances in the fields of ontology, semantics and reasoning, without losing sight of the book’s practical goals.
Author: M. Mountantonakis
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681656
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Linked Data is a method of publishing structured data to facilitate sharing, linking, searching and re-use. Many such datasets have already been published, but although their number and size continues to increase, the main objectives of linking and integration have not yet been fully realized, and even seemingly simple tasks, like finding all the available information for an entity, are still challenging. This book, Services for Connecting and Integrating Big Numbers of Linked Datasets, is the 50th volume in the series ‘Studies on the Semantic Web’. The book analyzes the research work done in the area of linked data integration, and focuses on methods that can be used at large scale. It then proposes indexes and algorithms for tackling some of the challenges, such as, methods for performing cross-dataset identity reasoning, finding all the available information for an entity, methods for ordering content-based dataset discovery, and others. The author demonstrates how content-based dataset discovery can be reduced to solving optimization problems, and techniques are proposed for solving these efficiently while taking the contents of the datasets into consideration. To order them in real time, the proposed indexes and algorithms have been implemented in a suite of services called LODsyndesis, in turn enabling the implementation of other high level services, such as techniques for knowledge graph embeddings, and services for data enrichment which can be exploited for machine-learning tasks, and which also improve the prediction of machine-learning problems.
Author: E. Blomqvist
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681753
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
Ontologies are the corner stone of data modeling and knowledge representation, and engineering an ontology is a complex task in which domain knowledge, ontological accuracy and computational properties need to be carefully balanced. As with any engineering task, the identification and documentation of common patterns is important, and Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) provide ontology designers with a strong connection to requirements and a better communication of their semantic content and intent. This book, Advances in Pattern-Based Ontology Engineering, contains 23 extended versions of selected papers presented at the annual Workshop on Ontology Design and Patterns (WOP) between 2017 and 2020. This yearly event, which attracts a large number of researchers and professionals in the field of ontology engineering and ontology design patterns, covers issues related to quality aspects of ontology engineering and ODPs for data and knowledge representation, and is usually co-located with the International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC), apart from WOP 2020, which was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Topics covered by the papers collected here focus on recent advances in ontology design and patterns, and range from a method to instantiate content patterns, through a proposal on how to document a content pattern, to a number of patterns emerging in ontology modeling in various situations and applications. The book provides an overview of important advances in ontology engineering and ontology design patterns, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Author: M. Leinberger
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643681974
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
Graph-based data formats are a flexible way of representing data – semantic data models in particular – where the schema is part of the data, and have become more popular and had some commercial success in recent years. Semantic data models are also the basis for the Semantic Web – a Web of data governed by open standards in which computer programs can freely access the data provided. This book is about checking the correctness of programs that can access semantic data. Although the flexibility of semantic data models is one of their greatest strengths, it can lead programmers to accidentally fail to account for unintuitive edge cases, leading to run-time errors or unintended side-effects during program execution. A program may even run for a long time before such an error occurs and the program crashes. Providing a type system is an established methodology for proving the absence of run-time errors in programs without requiring execution. The book defines type systems that can detect and avoid such run-time errors based on schema languages available for the Semantic Web. Using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and its theoretic underpinnings i.e. description logics, and the Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) in particular, the book defines systems that can provide type-safe data access to semantic data graphs. The book is divided into 3 parts: Part I contains an introduction and preliminaries; Part II covers type systems for the Semantic Web; and Part III includes related work and conclusions.
Author: M. Alam
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1643682016
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The field of semantic computing is highly diverse, linking areas such as artificial intelligence, data science, knowledge discovery and management, big data analytics, e-commerce, enterprise search, technical documentation, document management, business intelligence, and enterprise vocabulary management. As such it forms an essential part of the computing technology that underpins all our lives today. This volume presents the proceedings of SEMANTiCS 2021, the 17th International Conference on Semantic Systems. As a result of the continuing Coronavirus restrictions, SEMANTiCS 2021 was held in a hybrid form in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, from 6 to 9 September 2021. The annual SEMANTiCS conference provides an important platform for semantic computing professionals and researchers, and attracts information managers, ITarchitects, software engineers, and researchers from a wide range of organizations, such as research facilities, NPOs, public administrations and the largest companies in the world. The subtitle of the 2021 conference’s was “In the Era of Knowledge Graphs”, and 66 submissions were received, from which the 19 papers included here were selected following a rigorous single-blind reviewing process; an acceptance rate of 29%. Topics covered include data science, machine learning, logic programming, content engineering, social computing, and the Semantic Web, as well as the additional sub-topics of digital humanities and cultural heritage, legal tech, and distributed and decentralized knowledge graphs. Providing an overview of current research and development, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field of semantic systems.
Author: Claudia d’Amato
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030003388
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
This volume contains lecture notes of the 14th Reasoning Web Summer School (RW 2018), held in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg, in September 2018. The research areas of Semantic Web, Linked Data, and Knowledge Graphs have recently received a lot of attention in academia and industry. Since its inception in 2001, the Semantic Web has aimed at enriching the existing Web with meta-data and processing methods, so as to provide Web-based systems with intelligent capabilities such as context awareness and decision support. The Semantic Web vision has been driving many community efforts which have invested a lot of resources in developing vocabularies and ontologies for annotating their resources semantically. Besides ontologies, rules have long been a central part of the Semantic Web framework and are available as one of its fundamental representation tools, with logic serving as a unifying foundation. Linked Data is a related research area which studies how one can make RDF data available on the Web and interconnect it with other data with the aim of increasing its value for everybody. Knowledge Graphs have been shown useful not only for Web search (as demonstrated by Google, Bing, etc.) but also in many application domains.
