Study of the Planetary Boundary Layer Using GEM Model Simulations in Support of Wind Power Projections for the Canadian Arctic PDF Download
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Author: Caio Ruman
Publisher:
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Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Temperature inversions are a common feature of the Arctic climate, affecting the surface energy budget and planetary boundary layer transports. The temperature inversion, in conjunction with the wind, is used to define the transition between two stable planetary boundary layer regimes, the weakly stable boundary layer, and the very stable boundary layer. This regime shift is sharply defined in terms of wind speed and temperature inversions, so accurate modeling of those two characteristics is crucial to a good representation of the Arctic climate. This study investigates the evolution of large-scale temperature inversions in the context of a changing climate, in support of wind power projections for the Canadian Arctic. To this end, two five-member Regional Climate Model (RCM) ensembles, driven by the Canadian Earth System Model, spanning the 1950-2099 period, corresponding to two greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5), are considered. An ERA-Interim driven simulation for the 1979-2005 period is also considered to assess model performance. A comparison of observed atmospheric soundings with the boundary layer variations in the reanalysis-driven simulation indicates that the model captures the temperature inversion characteristics reasonably well, with some positive biases in the temperature inversion strength and frequency. The transient regional climate change simulations suggest substantial decreases in both temperature inversion strength and frequency in winter in future climate for both emission scenarios. These changes are consistent with the reduced sea ice cover and the associated increase in cloud cover that reduce the surface radiative cooling necessary for the formation of strong temperature inversions. Some increases in the frequency and strength of temperature inversions are projected for summer over the Arctic Ocean, possibly linked with increased poleward moisture transport. With the changes in the Arctic atmosphere seen in the future climate, the current predominant clear cold atmospheric state becomes less frequent. Cloudy and warm conditions that inhibit the formation of temperature inversions become more common. This scenario will increase the frequency of the atmospheric regime where temperature inversions are weaker and the wind speed is higher, leading to increased wind power potential to the Arctic region and positive prospects to a transition to a clean energy regimen"--
Author: Caio Ruman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Temperature inversions are a common feature of the Arctic climate, affecting the surface energy budget and planetary boundary layer transports. The temperature inversion, in conjunction with the wind, is used to define the transition between two stable planetary boundary layer regimes, the weakly stable boundary layer, and the very stable boundary layer. This regime shift is sharply defined in terms of wind speed and temperature inversions, so accurate modeling of those two characteristics is crucial to a good representation of the Arctic climate. This study investigates the evolution of large-scale temperature inversions in the context of a changing climate, in support of wind power projections for the Canadian Arctic. To this end, two five-member Regional Climate Model (RCM) ensembles, driven by the Canadian Earth System Model, spanning the 1950-2099 period, corresponding to two greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5), are considered. An ERA-Interim driven simulation for the 1979-2005 period is also considered to assess model performance. A comparison of observed atmospheric soundings with the boundary layer variations in the reanalysis-driven simulation indicates that the model captures the temperature inversion characteristics reasonably well, with some positive biases in the temperature inversion strength and frequency. The transient regional climate change simulations suggest substantial decreases in both temperature inversion strength and frequency in winter in future climate for both emission scenarios. These changes are consistent with the reduced sea ice cover and the associated increase in cloud cover that reduce the surface radiative cooling necessary for the formation of strong temperature inversions. Some increases in the frequency and strength of temperature inversions are projected for summer over the Arctic Ocean, possibly linked with increased poleward moisture transport. With the changes in the Arctic atmosphere seen in the future climate, the current predominant clear cold atmospheric state becomes less frequent. Cloudy and warm conditions that inhibit the formation of temperature inversions become more common. This scenario will increase the frequency of the atmospheric regime where temperature inversions are weaker and the wind speed is higher, leading to increased wind power potential to the Arctic region and positive prospects to a transition to a clean energy regimen"--
Author: Hadassah Kaplan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9789027718778
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
In this volume, we present the lectures given during the 1984 OHOLO Conference, held in Zichron Yaacov, Israel. The Conference was organized by the Israel Institute for Biological Research, Department of Mathematics, which is involved in Environmental Risk Evaluation, and in Projects Estimating the Potential of Wind Energy. The lectures cover a broad spectrum of mathematical models, ranging from those that deal with the solution of atmospheric conservation equations, and to those models that yield empirical estimates based on real time measure ments and thus are unique to the locale where measured. The goal of the Conference was to allow scientists from various countries to meet and discuss topics of mutual interest, including the following: 1. Structure of the boundary layer - primarily models dealing in the understanding of the various processes of atmospheric energy transfer, and their influence on the size and composition of the boundary 1 ayer. 2. Advanced mathematical techniques for describing flow and diffusion - lectures on approximations and techniques for solving the diffu sion and transport equations. 3. Flow over complex terrain - research into various aspects of the problem - mathematical models, physical models, experimental results. 4. Models of pollution transport and deposition.
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781729231623
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Boundary conditions to an existing large-eddy simulation model have been changed in order to simulate turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Several options are now available, including the use of a surface energy balance. In addition, we compare convective boundary layer simulations with the Wangara and Minnesota field experiments as well as with other model results. We find excellent agreement of modelled mean profiles of wind and temperature with observations and good agreement for velocity variances. Neutral boundary simulation results are compared with theory and with previously used models. Agreement with theory is reasonable, while agreement with previous models is excellent. Schowalter, David G. and DeCroix, David S. and Lin, Yuh-Lang and Arya, S. Pal and Kaplan, Michael Langley Research Center NCC1-188; RTOP 538-04-11-11
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
Author: Robert Alan Brown
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Author: J. R. Salmon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Boundary layer (Meteorology)
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author: John H. Powell
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423581017
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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Book Description
A hydrostatic, primitive equation model with frontogenetical deformation forcing is used to simulate the passage of cold fronts over a two- dimensional ridge. The model includes a K-theory planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization with implicitly defined diffusion coefficients. Numerical simulations are performed for synoptic-scale ridges of varying widths both with and without frontal forcing. These results are compared to simulations that do not include a PBL parameterization, similar to previous inviscid studies by Williams et al. Relative to the inviscid results, the PBL simulations produced reduced frontolysis on the upwind slope and reduced frontogenesis on the lee slope, resulting in significantly smaller frontogenetic variations over the mountain. This is caused by convergence forcing in the well-mixed layer offsetting the overall frontolytical forcing on the upwind slope, and greatly reduced lee side convergence forcing due to the PBL. In contrast to the inviscid results, the final downstream front is weaker in the mountain simulations than in the flat-topography control case when PBL effects are included. In all PBL simulations, gravity wave generation is greatly reduced and no lee side hydraulic jumps are observed. In general, the inclusion of a PBL into the model results in more realistic wind and temperature fields compared to the inviscid model simulations.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Ismail Gultepe
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3764384190
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
This topical volume of the Journal of Pure and Applied Geophysics utilizes new information not previously accessible for fog related research. It focuses on surface and remote sensing observations of fog, various numerical model applications using new parameterizations, fog climatology, and new statistical methods. The results presented in this special issue come from research efforts in North America and Europe.
