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Author: Hungary. Központi Statisztikai Hivatal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hungary
Languages : hu
Pages : 680
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Author: Hungary. Központi Statisztikai Hivatal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hungary
Languages : hu
Pages : 680
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Book Description
Author: Michael L. Miller
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 1805395289
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
In 1920, the Hungarian parliament introduced a Jewish quota for university admissions, making Hungary the first country in Europe to pass antisemitic legislation following World War I. Quotas explores the ideologies and practices of quota regimes and the ways quotas have been justified, implemented, challenged, and remembered from the late nineteenth century until the middle of the twentieth century. In particular, the volume focuses on Central and Eastern Europe, with chapters covering the origins of quotas, the moral, legal, and political arguments developed by their supporters and opponents, and the social and personal impact of these attempts to limit access to higher education.
Author: Elemer Bako
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hungary
Languages : en
Pages : 600
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Author: Thomas Bender
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 9781610440400
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Little over a century ago, New York and Budapest were both flourishing cities engaging in spectacular modernization. By 1930, New York had emerged as an innovating cosmopolitan metropolis, while Budapest languished under the conditions that would foster fascism. Budapest and New York explores the increasingly divergent trajectories of these once-similar cities through the perspectives of both Hungarian and American experts in the fields of political, cultural, social and art history. Their original essays illuminate key aspects of urban life that most reveal the turn-of-the-century evolution of New York and Budapest: democratic participation, use of public space, neighborhood ethnicity, and culture high and low. What comes across most strikingly in these essays is New York's cultivation of social and political pluralism, a trend not found in Budapest. Nationalist ideology exerted tremendous pressure on Budapest's ethnic groups to assimilate to a single Hungarian language and culture. In contrast, New York's ethnic diversity was transmitted through a mass culture that celebrated ethnicity while muting distinct ethnic traditions, making them accessible to a national audience. While Budapest succumbed to the patriotic imperatives of a nation threatened by war, revolution, and fascism, New York, free from such pressures, embraced the variety of its people and transformed its urban ethos into a paradigm for America. Budapest and New York is the lively story of the making of metropolitan culture in Europe and America, and of the influential relationship between city and nation. In unifying essays, the editors observe comparisons not only between the cities, but in the scholarly outlooks and methodologies of Hungarian and American histories. This volume is a unique urban history. Begun under the unfavorable conditions of a divided world, it represents a breakthrough in cross-cultural, transnational, and interdisciplinary historical work.
Author: Miklós Konrád
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 025307052X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
Throughout the nineteenth century, Hungary's government steadily dismantled several obstacles that kept its rapidly expanding Jewish communities from enjoying the full benefits of citizenship. The state's concerted efforts to "Magyarize" Jews promoted Hungary's language, culture, and sensibilities, but did not require Jews to abandon their faith. Even so, tens of thousands of Hungarian Jews converted to Christianity during this era, with conversion rates continuing to rise even as Judaism gained full legal equality. Jewishness and Beyond addresses this apparent paradox between motivation and changed affiliation. Miklós Konrád examines conversion from a wide variety of unique sources, including community archival materials, synagogue speeches, parliamentary diaries, daily newspapers, life writings, works of fiction, collections of jokes, and more. He finds that between 1848 and 1914, most of the Hungarian Jews who converted to Christianity were motivated by worldly concerns; that despite the egalitarian promises and laws of Hungary's liberal nationalist government, legislators and other traditional elites maintained a persistent bias against Jews that spurred particularly high conversion rates among the community's upper echelons; and that while Christians never fully forgot converted Jews' origins and increasingly thought of them in racialized terms, they also appreciated and generally rewarded conversion and the symbolic gesture of baptism. Conversion was also an uneven and ever-shifting process in which gender and occupation played key roles, and where the actual percentage of converts vis-à-vis the total Hungarian Jewish population contrasted sharply with both Christian and Jewish perceptions of its frequency and spread. Jewishness and Beyond reveals the motivations and strategies behind Hungarian Jews' conversions, the complex reactions within and outside of their communities, and converts' own grappling with conversion's expected and unforeseen outcomes.
Author: Éva Kuti
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 9780719049064
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
By placing the current Hungarian nonprofit scene in the context of its origins and in relation to developments elsewhere, Eva Kuti makes a major contribution to our understanding of the role nonprofit organisations are playing in the post-Communist transition process now underway throughout Central and Eastern Europe. This book will be of interest to students of the nonprofit sector, as well as to all those interested in the post-Communist transition.
Author: Borbála Zsuzsanna Török
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004303057
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Exploring Transylvania by Török reconstructs the fissured scholarly landscape in one of the most culturally heterogeneous regions of the Habsburg Monarchy. The author creates an original model of the structure and historical dynamics of an East-Central European province in the republic of letters by tracing the activities of learned societies engaged in the exploration of their fatherland and their connections to national academic centers outside Transylvania. Analyzing the entangled history of the local German, Hungarian, and Romanian scholarly cultures, the book demonstrates how a persisting politics of difference, practiced by various political regimes over the long nineteenth century, solidified national hierarchies and exacerbated endemic tensions both in the Transylvanian intellectual milieus and in scholarship itself.
Author: M. Mária Kovács
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195085973
Category : Hungary
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
Kovacs's main emphasis is on the interwar period when unemployment, expansion of the welfare system, and competition for state jobs during the Great Depression, combined with crass anti-Semitism on the part of engineers, and medical associations, radically altered previously liberal policies of open entry and equal educational opportunity.".
Author: League of Nations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 620
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Book Description
Author: Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain). Library
Publisher: London : J. Murray
ISBN:
Category : Geography
Languages : en
Pages : 852
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Book Description
