Spatial Patterns in Growth, Growth Potential, and Consumption Demand of Juvenile Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) in the Gulf of Alaska PDF Download
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Author: Jamal Hasan Henry Moss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pink salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
Author: Jamal Hasan Henry Moss
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pink salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fish culture
Languages : en
Pages : 458
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Book Description
Author: Edward Vincent Farley (Jr.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
"The purpose of the symposium was to summarize BASIS research conducted during 2002 to 2006 and increase our understanding about how climate change will affect salmon growth and survival in the North Pacific Ocean. The symposium topics were: 1. Overviews of climate change, Bering Sea ecosystems, and salmon production. 2. Biological responses by salmon to climate and ecosystem dynamics, 2.1. Migration and distribution of salmon, 2.2. Food production and salmon growth, 2.3. Feeding habits and trophic interactions, 2.4. Production trends and carrying capacity of salmon"--Pref.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Author: Alison Danielle Cross
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pink salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Author: Jennifer Lynn Boldt
Publisher: Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International
ISBN:
Category : Pink salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
"Increased production of salmon in Alaska has been accompanied by a decrease in average body size and decreased wild stocks, indicating a possible density-dependent response to increases in salmon populations and hatchery releases. Pink salmon have a short two-year life cycle and most post-hatch mortality is thought to occur during their first months at sea; therefore, processes in the early marine residence period may determine abundance. Geographic and seasonal patterns in distribution, growth, and condition of juvenile pink salmon during their first months at sea were examined in Chapter 1. The migration of pink salmon from Prince William Sound (PWS) occurred over several months. Fish lengths, weights, and energy contents varied geographically and seasonally. Pink salmon energy content was hightest on the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) shelf in July and August and lowest in PWS in July, indicating that growth conditions were better on the GOA shelf. Spatial and temporal variation in growth and condition is indicative of disparate feeding opportunities for juvenile pink salmon. An unusual aspect of this study was the concurrent collection of zooplankton and fish in PWS and on the GOA shelf. Geographic and seasonal changes in juvenile pink salmon diets were examined during their first six months at sea in Chapter 2. Pink salmon diets varied geographically and seasonally, and prey size increased as fish grew. A unique opportunity existed to compare the energy content thermally marked hatchery pink salmon to their wild counterparts in PWS (Chapter 3). Fish condition varied geographically, however, there were no differences among hatchery groups and/or wild pink salmon at any one location. This indicates that fish were staying together as a group. In Chapter 4, pink salmon consumption was estimated to represent a small fraction of the production but potentially a large proportion of the available standing stock of zooplankton in PWS. Geographic variations in fish condition, diet, and zooplankton densities were observed in this study. This supports the hypothesis that local processes, including food depletion and/or zooplankton availability are important to juvenile pink salmon"--Leaves iii-iv.
Author: David Gerard Parker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Author: Donald G. Mortensen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pink salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Author: Melissa Prechtl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chum salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
The Bering Sea has alternated between warm and cool spring thermal regimes, as defined by May sea surface temperature, and in recent years has remained in a "cool" state. Differences in spring thermal regime influence the timing of sea ice extent in the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS) region, with warm springs facilitating early ice retreats and cool springs resulting in later ice retreat. A recent conceptual model for relating production to higher trophic levels in the SEBS proposes that during years of early sea ice retreat, phytoplankton blooms occur in warm water and support small, lipid-poor species of zooplankton. Conversely, years of late sea ice retreat results in an ice associated bloom that supports large, lipid-rich species of zooplankton. As a consequence the energy density of prey sources available to higher trophic levels is reduced during warm years and enhanced during cool years. While the northeastern Bering Sea (NEBS) has consistently supported an ice-associated bloom, it is likely that productivity in the SEBS influences trophic-level connections in the NEBS. In order to examine this possibility, we extended this conceptual model to juvenile salmon and compared size and condition of juvenile chum (Oncorhynchus keta) and pink (O. gorbuscha) salmon in the NEBS between spring thermal regimes of the SEBS. We hypothesized that juvenile salmon would be longer in warm years and more energy dense in cool years. In years with cool springs, pink salmon were shorter and chum salmon exhibited greater energy density, but no other aspects of size and condition differed significantly between spring thermal regimes. We further examined relationships of size, growth, and condition of juvenile salmon with environmental variables within the NEBS. For both species, length increased over the time of the surveys; longer individuals were caught at stations with greater bottom depths and in cooler sea-surface temperatures, while individuals with high length-corrected energy density were associated with cooler temperatures and shallower depths. We used insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations as an indicator of relative growth rate for fishes sampled 2009-2012 and found fish exhibited higher IGF-1 l concentrations between 2010-2012 than in 2009. IGF-1 concentrations were positively correlated with temperature for juvenile chum salmon and with depth and length for juvenile pink salmon. The consistent appearance of depth (indicating distance from shore) in the best size and condition models was interpreted to indicate that as juvenile salmon moved offshore, they were allocating more energy to growth than fat storage over the course of the surveys. The association of cooler temperatures with greater energy density and longer lengths may reflect direct effects of temperature on salmon physiology as well as indirect effects on food quantity or quality indirect. Overall, recent conditions of the NEBS appear to successfully contribute to the growth and condition of the juvenile chum and pink salmon. Finally, we compared indicators of energy allocation between even and odd brood-year stocks of pink salmon and found the even broodyear stocks were more energy dense while odd brood-year stocks exhibited higher growth rates. These results reflect differences in energy allocation between brood-year stocks of juvenile pink salmon and suggest that the two brood-year stocks may respond differently to changing climate.
Author: Sara Elizabeth Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pink salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Regional coastal conditions have a strong influence on juvenile salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) survival during their critical first months in the marine environment. Salmon survival has been thought to be favored within the downwelling domain if water column stabilities increase, whereas stability may have the opposite effect at lower latitudes. To explore this hypothesis at a local scale, we examined the relationship between stability and the characteristics of growth rate, condition, and marine survival of several stocks of pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) within Prince William Sound (PWS) and two water masses, Alaska Coastal Current and shelf, in the northern coastal Gulf of Alaska (GOA). While slower and weaker development of stratification with a deeper mixed layer depth may be more important for juvenile pink salmon survival in the Sound, earlier and stronger stratification with a shallower mixed layer depth may be more beneficial within the Gulf. As expected, stability within PWS did explain the growth rate of hatchery fish, although stability explained only a small amount of the variability and did not have the same relationship for each hatchery stock. Contrary to expectation, stability just prior to capture did not explain the variability in condition index for either hatchery or wild fish collected from within the Sound or from within either GOA water mass. When stability was below average just prior to capture within PWS, the relationship between condition index and year-class survival was positive; when stability was above-average just prior to capture, the relationship was negative. In a broader scale study, we explored the relationships between regional water column stabilities during early marine residence of pink salmon in both upwelling and downwelling domains of the northeast Pacific Ocean and marine survival rates the following year for hatchery stocks ranging from Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to Kodiak Island, Alaska. Contrary to expectation, our findings were similar between the upwelling and downwelling areas, but differed by the distance offshore. Marine survival rates of hatchery pink salmon from northern and southern stocks increased for salmon that experienced below-average stability on the inner shelf during early marine residence while stability effects from the outer shelf showed no consistent relationship to marine survival.
