Some Studies on a Single Cylinder Di-Diesel Engine with Coconut Biodiesel (come) and Triacetin Additive Blends as Alternate Fuel PDF Download
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Author: Basava Venkata Appa Rao
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783656744962
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2010 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, Andhra University (AU College of Engineering), course: Mechanical, language: English, comment: Best Researcher awarde and Senior Professor, abstract: Diesel engine emits more pollutants which are detrimental to the human health. Pollution control boards around the world made it mandatory to reduce the tail pipe emissions. Research on emission control is in full swing and several alternative fuels have been tested to reduce emissions. Especially cold combustion in diesel engines is in focus. Low temperature combustion is contemplated to reduce some of the dangerous emissions like NOx. Biodiesel fuel reduces most of the pollutants except NOx. Hence testing with higher latent heat alcohols as secondary fuels in dual fuel injection strategy is mooted. Fumigation of alcohol is one of the techniques to induct alcohols in suction side along with the incoming air. Carburetion and real time injection were also tested but there is certain amount design change of the engine is needed with the implementation of these new techniques. In this thesis, major design changes are not contemplated and introduction of smaller retrofits is mooted. And among the alcohols, methyl alcohol is tested along with biodiesel in the dual fuel operation. Even in the selection of biodiesel, priority has been given to Coconut biodiesel (COME) since it is more saturated ester than the esters in fray. One can observe ubiquitous coconut plantation in the urban side as well as in the rural side in India. COME is injected through the conventional nozzle and a separate electronic injector is used as retrofit to inject methanol at the suction end after the complete opening of the suction valve. Methanol is quantified with respect to the 1kg/hr ester and corresponding gravimetric percentages have been calculated. 3%, 5%, 7%, 10% of gravimetric proportions have been maintained for the injection of methyl alcoh
Author: Basava Venkata Appa Rao
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783656744962
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2010 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, Andhra University (AU College of Engineering), course: Mechanical, language: English, comment: Best Researcher awarde and Senior Professor, abstract: Diesel engine emits more pollutants which are detrimental to the human health. Pollution control boards around the world made it mandatory to reduce the tail pipe emissions. Research on emission control is in full swing and several alternative fuels have been tested to reduce emissions. Especially cold combustion in diesel engines is in focus. Low temperature combustion is contemplated to reduce some of the dangerous emissions like NOx. Biodiesel fuel reduces most of the pollutants except NOx. Hence testing with higher latent heat alcohols as secondary fuels in dual fuel injection strategy is mooted. Fumigation of alcohol is one of the techniques to induct alcohols in suction side along with the incoming air. Carburetion and real time injection were also tested but there is certain amount design change of the engine is needed with the implementation of these new techniques. In this thesis, major design changes are not contemplated and introduction of smaller retrofits is mooted. And among the alcohols, methyl alcohol is tested along with biodiesel in the dual fuel operation. Even in the selection of biodiesel, priority has been given to Coconut biodiesel (COME) since it is more saturated ester than the esters in fray. One can observe ubiquitous coconut plantation in the urban side as well as in the rural side in India. COME is injected through the conventional nozzle and a separate electronic injector is used as retrofit to inject methanol at the suction end after the complete opening of the suction valve. Methanol is quantified with respect to the 1kg/hr ester and corresponding gravimetric percentages have been calculated. 3%, 5%, 7%, 10% of gravimetric proportions have been maintained for the injection of methyl alcoh
Author: P. Venkateswara Rao
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782522248054
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
A single cylinder diesel engine is an internal combustion engine where fuel is ignited by compressing air in a combustion chamber. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using alternative fuels in diesel engines to reduce environmental impact and promote sustainability. One such alternative fuel is coconut biodiesel, which is derived from coconut oil and has been found to have good combustion properties. To enhance the performance and reduce the emissions of coconut biodiesel, researchers have explored the use of fuel additives. These additives can improve the properties of the fuel and enhance its combustion characteristics. The use of additive blends with coconut biodiesel has shown promise in reducing emissions and improving engine performance. Studies have investigated the effects of using different types and concentrations of additives in coconut biodiesel blends, such as antioxidants, surfactants, and cetane improvers. These studies have shown that the use of additive blends can reduce emissions of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM), while also improving engine power and efficiency. The use of coconut biodiesel and additive blends in diesel engines has several advantages, including the use of a renewable and locally sourced fuel source, reduced emissions of harmful pollutants, and improved engine performance. However, further research is needed to optimize the use of these fuels in diesel engines and ensure their long-term viability and sustainability. Overall, the use of single cylinder diesel engines with coconut biodiesel and additive blends shows promise as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional diesel fuels. Particulate matter (PM) or smoke emission and oxides of nitrogen (NOx emissions) are the two important harmful emissions in diesel engine. Fuel companies and the researchers around the world are devoted to reduce such emissions with different ways. Fuel modification, modification of combustion chamber design and exhaust after treatments are the important means to alleviate such emissions. In this context, engine researchers are hunting for suitable alternative fuels to the diesel engine. Among different alternative fuels, oxygenated fuel is a kind of alternative fuel. Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DGM), dimethoxy methane (DMM), dimethyl ether (DME), diethyl ether (DEE), methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), dibutyl ether (DBE), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methanol, ethanol and Triacetin (anti-knocking agent for gasoline) have played their role to reduce diesel emissions. These fuels can either be used as a blend with conventional diesel/biodiesel fuel or as an additive or as a neat fuel. The presence of oxygen in the fuel molecular structure plays an important role to reduce PM and other harmful emissions from diesel engine.
Author: Breda Kegl
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1447153251
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
With a focus on ecology, economy and engine performance, diesel engines are explored in relation to current research and developments. The prevalent trends in this development are outlined with particular focus on the most frequently used alternative fuels in diesel engines; the properties of various type of biodiesel and the concurrent improvement of diesel engine characteristics using numeric optimization alongside current investigation and research work in the field. Following of a short overview of engine control, aftertreatment and alternative fuels, Green Diesel Engine explores the effects of biodiesel usage on injection, fuel spray, combustion, and tribology characteristics, and engine performance. Additionally, optimization procedures of diesel engine characteristics are discussed using practical examples and each topic is corroborated and supported by current research and detailed illustrations. This thorough discussion provides a solid foundation in the current research but also a starting point for fresh ideas for engineers involved in developing/adjusting diesel engines for usage of alternative fuels, researchers in renewable energy, as well as to engineers, advanced undergraduates, and postgraduates.
Author: Majed M. Alawi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Biodiesel has been a promising clean alternative fuel to fossil fuels, which reduces the emissions that are released by fossil fuels, and possibly reduces the energy crisis caused by the exhaustion of petroleum resources in the near future. Biodiesel is replacing diesel as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. Previous research studies have shown that biodiesel can greatly reduce carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions compared to diesel fuels, but very few studies have shown a reduction in total nitrogen oxides (NOx). At present, B20 (20% biodiesel in the total fuel mix) is being used commonly in the US due to its material compatibility to changing weather conditions, emission benefits and costs. Currently, Canada is planning to use 5% of biodiesel by 2015. The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of biodiesel in cold climates such as Canada. The biodiesel used is made of canola oil obtained from a local supermarket and winter diesel is used as a reference fuel. Three different series were used. The first series was biodiesel/diesel with six blends (B0, B5, B10, B20, B50 and B100). The second series was biodiesel/diesel plus 2% of a chemical additive (B0, B5A, B10A, B20A, B50A and B100A). The final was kerosene/biodiesel series (K0, K5, K10, K20, K50 and K100). Chemical additive (Wintron XC30) is used to lower the cloud point of the blends and this is the first attempt to investigate its effect on engine emissions. On the other hand, there are limited studies on kerosene being treated as a blending fuel, where it is mainly used to lower the cloud point of the blends to investigate the feasibility of biodiesel in a cold climate such as the winter season in Canada and suggest an appropriate solution for the future of biofuel. Engine performance and emission concentrations are investigated by determining the break specific fuel consumption (bsfc), fuel conversion efficiency and measuring emission concentrations of CO, HC, NO, NO2 and NOx using gas analysers. Engine tests are performed on a constant rated speed at three different load conditions. A comparison is made for the three series. Most of the blends have shown improved emissions compared to fossil diesel. B5A demonstrated a lower cloud point than fossil diesel, and the kerosene series showed excellent results at high load conditions.
Author: Gadepalli Ravi Kiran Sastry
Publisher: Readworthy
ISBN: 9350180901
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 183
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Book Description
This is a well known fact that the resources of mineral oils are depleting day-by-day, and the cost of exploration of the remaining reserves is bound to escalate. Moreover, the burning of fossil fuels increases the level of carbon-dioxide in the atmosphere causing the 'Green House' effect. In this context, a viable and sustainable alternative fuel is necessary to cater to a large fleet of automobiles across the world. The advent of bio-diesel has come to the rescue in such a warranting situation. Efforts are being made to streamline the systems to produce bio-diesels at economically viable rates and apply them in running the diesel engines in lieu of petro-diesel. And the present study is an attempt in this direction. It seeks to exploit non-edible oil plants, especially Jatropha, mahua and palm, to replace diesel oil usage in the conventional diesel engines. Providing transesterification procedure for all the three non-edible oils, it deals with the heat release rate calculations based on the pressure data collected in the combustion chamber. It also extends discussion on the instrumentation and experimentation, as well as the results of the findings.
Author: Ayhan Demirbas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1846289955
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Biodiesel: A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines describes the production and characterization of biodiesel. The book also presents current experimental research work in the field, including techniques to reduce biodiesel’s high viscosity. Researchers in renewable energy, as well as fuel engineers, will discover a myriad of new ideas and promising possibilities.
Author: T. L. Alleman
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437911161
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
The Nat. Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL) provided technical assistance to the Philippines in the area of biodiesel property testing and utilization. Three fuel samples were provided to NREL from the Philippines. These fuel samples were an unadditized diesel fuel, an additized diesel fuel, and a coconut derived biodiesel (coconut methylester or CME) fuel. Results from the fuel property testing show that the unadditized diesel fuel, the additized diesel fuel, and the CME samples met the Philippine Nat. Standards for diesel fuel quality. The 1% and 5% blends of CME in the diesel fuels also met the current Philippine Nat. Standard for diesel fuel quality. The 5% blend of CME in diesel fuel did increase the cetane number slightly for each blend. Illus.
Author: Jorge Mario Marchetti
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781631170249
Category : Biodiesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Biodiesel, which consists of long-chain fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) obtained from renewable lipids such as those in vegetable oils or animal fat can be used as both an alternative fuel and an additive for petroleum diesel. This book gathers research from across the globe in the study of biodiesel blends, properties and applications. Topics discussed include biodiesel purification methods; exhaust emissions study of biodiesel operated garbage trucks; the heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of triglycerides into biodiesel; valorisation of wastes and by-products derived from biodiesel manufacturing and biodiesel production using cation-exchange resin as heterogeneous acid catalyst.
Author: Independently Published
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781723800351
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
As we all know our society is hugely dependent on the fossil fuels, which results in the highercost of petroleum products, high emissions of HC, CO2 and Nox. To reduce our dependency onthe fossil fuels and to reduce the various emissions new sources of alternate energy must bedeveloped. Biodiesel is becoming one of the most prominent options among the other alternateenergy resources, due to its economic and environmental factors. Biodiesel is an alternative fuelwhich can be used with mineral diesel without any modification or little modifications to theengine. The methyl ester of vegetable oil (edible and non-edible oil) and animal fat are known asbiodiesel. In the past researchers had done blending of biodiesel made from single vegetable oilwith the mineral diesel and left the scope of work on the biodiesel made from the combining oftwo different biodiesel blended with diesel in different mixing ratios.The methyl ester of mahua oil and jatropha oil are produced through transesterification process.The experiment was done to produce dual fuel biodiesel with improved old flow characteristics,and where different percentage of blends was taken to check the physio and chemical propertiesof the dual fuel biodiesel.
Author: Jürgen Bünger
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3954045540
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 99
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Book Description
The boiling line of diesel fuels is relevant for the combustion in modern engines. Biodiesel shows a boiling behavior that is very different to diesel fuel. To adapt the boiling line, metathesis reactions were carried out. Different products were obtained by varying the catalysts and the ratio of biodiesel to 1-hexene. As 20%-blends in diesel fuel some metathesis products were quite similar to the diesel fuel boiling line. The metathesis fuels were tested regarding interactions with other fuel components and engine oil. Additionally, the material compatibility was in focus. Corrosion effects on copper were within the specification for diesel fuel. Exhaust gas emissions from 20%-blends as well as mutagenicity showed no significant deviations versus diesel fuel. In the result, no significant disadvantages for metathesis fuels were found. However, there production occurs currently only in lab-scale.
