Simultaneous Biological Nitrogen Removal and Electrochemical Phosphorus Recovery from Municipal Wastewater PDF Download
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Author: Damian Jakub Kruk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The main objective of the study was to develop a partial nitrification/anammox electrically assisted struvite yield membrane bioreactor (PN/A EASY MBR) with simultaneous phosphorus recovery for treatment of municipal wastewater. The research was conducted in four separate experiments evaluating the feasibility of electrochemical phosphorus recovery, impact of electric current on nitrifying and anammox bacteria, and long term anammox performance at low temperature. The EASY method based on the magnesium dissolution from a sacrificial anode was found to be very effective in recovery of high-quality struvite even from fermented waste activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant that does not practice enhanced biological phosphorus removal. Effects of short and long term exposure of nitrifying biomass to direct current were investigated using inert graphite electrodes. Both short and long term exposure kinetic tests indicated that the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria was slightly inhibited with almost linear decline, whereas the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was stimulated. The trends of relative activity changes exhibit a high correlation to the electric current applied per mass of volatile suspended solids. Low temperatures are one of the main obstacles to implementation in the main stream. In this study the impact of long-term exposure to a temperature of 10°C on the anammox process was investigated. Quantitative PCR was used to follow the population dynamics of different strains of anammox bacteria. Results of the investigation of the electric current impact on anammox activity provided evidence that simultaneous anammox and electrochemical processes is not a feasible approach. However, the study provided a novel method of phosphorus recovery available also for non-EBPR plants, which can be applied in the mainstream process simultaneously with conventional nitrification. The study of anammox at low temperature generated valuable insights for development of mainstream anammox treatment.
Author: Damian Jakub Kruk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The main objective of the study was to develop a partial nitrification/anammox electrically assisted struvite yield membrane bioreactor (PN/A EASY MBR) with simultaneous phosphorus recovery for treatment of municipal wastewater. The research was conducted in four separate experiments evaluating the feasibility of electrochemical phosphorus recovery, impact of electric current on nitrifying and anammox bacteria, and long term anammox performance at low temperature. The EASY method based on the magnesium dissolution from a sacrificial anode was found to be very effective in recovery of high-quality struvite even from fermented waste activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant that does not practice enhanced biological phosphorus removal. Effects of short and long term exposure of nitrifying biomass to direct current were investigated using inert graphite electrodes. Both short and long term exposure kinetic tests indicated that the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria was slightly inhibited with almost linear decline, whereas the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was stimulated. The trends of relative activity changes exhibit a high correlation to the electric current applied per mass of volatile suspended solids. Low temperatures are one of the main obstacles to implementation in the main stream. In this study the impact of long-term exposure to a temperature of 10°C on the anammox process was investigated. Quantitative PCR was used to follow the population dynamics of different strains of anammox bacteria. Results of the investigation of the electric current impact on anammox activity provided evidence that simultaneous anammox and electrochemical processes is not a feasible approach. However, the study provided a novel method of phosphorus recovery available also for non-EBPR plants, which can be applied in the mainstream process simultaneously with conventional nitrification. The study of anammox at low temperature generated valuable insights for development of mainstream anammox treatment.
Author: Changyong Wu
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781536191400
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
"Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2/O) is one of the most widely used processes in municipal wastewater treatment plants for simultaneous biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The A2/O process has many advantages, such as simple configuration and short hydraulic retention time (HRT), etc. In addition, it is easy to operate. Therefore, A2/O will be continuously chosen as the main option in all kinds of newly designed and built wastewater treatment plants. Though the A2/O process has been used widely, it has some inherent contradictions which are difficult to overcome. For example, the contradiction between substrate competition and SRT makes the high nitrogen and phosphorus removal unable to be achieved simultaneously. As a result, the removal efficiency of the system cannot be further improved. In the past 10 years in China, the wastewater quality very obviously changed with the improvement of living conditions. At present, municipal wastewater with a low C/N ratio is rather common in most countries in the world. The lack of a carbon source will make the inherent contradictions of the A2/O process becomes serious. Therefore, the conventional design parameters of the A2/O process are needed to adjust or the configuration of the A2/O process should change to fit the change of the wastewater quality. According to this, this book systematically describes how to improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of municipal wastewater with low C/N ratio, and effectively utilize the carbon resource in the influent of wastewater. This publication is useful for students, researchers and engineers whose major focus is municipal and the environment"--
Author: Richard I. Sedlak
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873716833
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
This valuable new book offers practical guidance regarding the design and operation of systems for reducing effluent nitrogen and phosphorus. The principles of nitrogen and phosphorus removal are discussed, including sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater, removal options, nitrogen and phosphorus transformations in treatment, process selection, and treatment. The book also covers the design and operation of nitrogen and phosphorus removal systems, including system options, system design, facility design, facility costs, and operation. Practical case studies are provided as examples of successful system implementations that may be able to help you decide what will work best in your plant.
Author: RichardI. Sedlak
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351424939
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
This valuable new book offers practical guidance regarding the design and operation of systems for reducing effluent nitrogen and phosphorus. The principles of nitrogen and phosphorus removal are discussed, including sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater, removal options, nitrogen and phosphorus transformations in treatment, process selection, and treatment. The book also covers the design and operation of nitrogen and phosphorus removal systems, including system options, system design, facility design, facility costs, and operation. Practical case studies are provided as examples of successful system implementations that may be able to help you decide what will work best in your plant.
Author: Christian Schaum
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780408358
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
This comprehensive book provides an up-to-date and international approach that addresses the Motivations, Technologies and Assessment of the Elimination and Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater. This book is part of the Integrated Environmental Technology Series.
Author: Ann Elizabeth Sager
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental engineering
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The discharge of point- and non-point source pollutants into surface waters resulting from industrial and/or municipal activities is a major focus of environmental regulation in the United States. As a result, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program was established in 1972 in an effort to regulate discharges from industrial or municipal sources, including wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). To further protect Florida water quality, in 1978, State legislation enacted the Grizzle-Figg Act for Tampa Bay, which requires advanced wastewater treatment for any discharge into sensitive water bodies. A common use of wastewater effluent in the Tampa Bay area is for reclaimed water for irrigation. This leads to an estimated 90% reduction of total nitrogen (TN) load to the bay in comparison to direct discharge (TBEP, 2016). One type of wastewater treatment process that has been shown to have low aeration and chemical requirements is simultaneous nitrification denitrification (SND), which can be carried out in an oxidation ditch. SND is a biological process for nitrogen removal where nitrification and denitrification occur at the same time within the same reactor. An oxidation ditch is a race-track type reactor that promotes the occurrence biological conversion of reactive nitrogen to nitrogen gas (N2) and additionally can provide enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). Many theories exist as to the mechanisms that allow SND to occur, but the literature is inconclusive as to whether the presence of different zones within the floc, within the reactor itself, a combination of the two or unique microorganisms are responsible for SND. Advantages of SND include efficient (80-96%) nitrogen removal, with significant reductions in energy, chemical, equipment and spatial requirements.
Author: Korneel Rabaey
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 184339233X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
In the context of wastewater treatment, Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) have gained considerable interest in the past few years, and several BES processes are on the brink of application to this area. This book, written by a large number of world experts in the different sub-topics, describes the different aspects and processes relevant to their development. Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) use micro-organisms to catalyze an oxidation and/or reduction reaction at an anodic and cathodic electrode respectively. Briefly, at an anode oxidation of organic and inorganic electron donors can occur. Prime examples of such electron donors are waste organics and sulfides. At the cathode, an electron acceptor such as oxygen or nitrate can be reduced. The anode and the cathode are connected through an electrical circuit. If electrical power is harvested from this circuit, the system is called a Microbial Fuel Cell; if electrical power is invested, the system is called a Microbial Electrolysis Cell. The overall framework of bio-energy and bio-fuels is discussed. A number of chapters discuss the basics – microbiology, microbial ecology, electrochemistry, technology and materials development. The book continues by highlighting the plurality of processes based on BES technology already in existence, going from wastewater based reactors to sediment based bio-batteries. The integration of BESs into existing water or process lines is discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided of how BES will fit within the emerging biorefinery area.
Author: Vinay Kumar Tyagi
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323901794
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Book Description
Clean Energy and Resource Recovery: Wastewater Treatment Plants as Bio-refineries, Volume 2, summarizes the fundamentals of various treatment modes applied to the recovery of energy and value-added products from wastewater treatment plants. The book addresses the production of biofuel, heat, and electricity, chemicals, feed, and other products from municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, and sludge. It intends to provide the readers an account of up-to-date information on the recovery of biofuels and other value-added products using conventional and advanced technological developments. The book starts with identifying the key problems of the sectors and then provides solutions to them with step-by-step guidance on the implementation of processes and procedures. Titles compiled in this book further explore related issues like the safe disposal of leftovers, from a local to global scale. Finally, the book sheds light on how wastewater treatment facilities reduce stress on energy systems, decrease air and water pollution, build resiliency, and drive local economic activity.As a compliment to Volume 1: Biomass Waste Based Biorefineries, Clean Energy and Resource Recovery, Volume 2: Wastewater Treatment Plants as Bio-refineries is a comprehensive reference on all aspects of energy and resource recovery from wastewater. The book is going to be a handy reference tool for energy researchers, environmental scientists, and civil, chemical, and municipal engineers interested in waste-to-energy. Offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamental treatments and methods used in the recovery of energy and value-added products from wastewater Identifies solutions to key problems related to wastewater to energy/resource recovery through conventional and advanced technologies and explore the alternatives Provides step-by-step guidance on procedures and calculations from practical field data Includes successful case studies from both developing and developed countries
Author: Juan M. Lema
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780407866
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 690
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Book Description
This book introduces the 3R concept applied to wastewater treatment and resource recovery under a double perspective. Firstly, it deals with innovative technologies leading to: Reducing energy requirements, space and impacts; Reusing water and sludge of sufficient quality; and Recovering resources such as energy, nutrients, metals and chemicals, including biopolymers. Besides targeting effective C,N&P removal, other issues such as organic micropollutants, gases and odours emissions are considered. Most of the technologies analysed have been tested at pilot- or at full-scale. Tools and methods for their Economic, Environmental, Legal and Social impact assessment are described. The 3R concept is also applied to Innovative Processes design, considering different levels of innovation: Retrofitting, where novel units are included in more conventional processes; Re-Thinking, which implies a substantial flowsheet modification; and Re-Imagining, with completely new conceptions. Tools are presented for Modelling, Optimising and Selecting the most suitable plant layout for each particular scenario from a holistic technical, economic and environmental point of view.
Author: Stanford University. Department of Civil Engineering
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
