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Author: Alessandro Farina
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Alessandro Farina
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Gereon Meyer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319516027
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
This book explores the opportunities and challenges of the sharing economy and innovative transportation technologies with regard to urban mobility. Written by government experts, social scientists, technologists and city planners from North America, Europe and Australia, the papers in this book address the impacts of demographic, societal and economic trends and the fundamental changes arising from the increasing automation and connectivity of vehicles, smart communication technologies, multimodal transit services, and urban design. The book is based on the Disrupting Mobility Summit held in Cambridge, MA (USA) in November 2015, organized by the City Science Initiative at MIT Media Lab, the Transportation Sustainability Research Center at the University of California at Berkeley, the LSE Cities at the London School of Economics and Politics and the Innovation Center for Mobility and Societal Change in Berlin.
Author: Michael Behrisch
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662450798
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Simulation of Urban Mobility, SUMO 2013, held in Berlin, Germany, in May 2013. The 12 revised full papers presented tin this book were carefully selected and reviewed from 22 submissions. The papers are organized in two topical sections: models and technical innovations and applications and surveys.
Author: Andreas Horni
Publisher: Ubiquity Press
ISBN: 190918876X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 620
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Book Description
The MATSim (Multi-Agent Transport Simulation) software project was started around 2006 with the goal of generating traffic and congestion patterns by following individual synthetic travelers through their daily or weekly activity programme. It has since then evolved from a collection of stand-alone C++ programs to an integrated Java-based framework which is publicly hosted, open-source available, automatically regression tested. It is currently used by about 40 groups throughout the world. This book takes stock of the current status. The first part of the book gives an introduction to the most important concepts, with the intention of enabling a potential user to set up and run basic simulations. The second part of the book describes how the basic functionality can be extended, for example by adding schedule-based public transit, electric or autonomous cars, paratransit, or within-day replanning. For each extension, the text provides pointers to the additional documentation and to the code base. It is also discussed how people with appropriate Java programming skills can write their own extensions, and plug them into the MATSim core. The project has started from the basic idea that traffic is a consequence of human behavior, and thus humans and their behavior should be the starting point of all modelling, and with the intuition that when simulations with 100 million particles are possible in computational physics, then behavior-oriented simulations with 10 million travelers should be possible in travel behavior research. The initial implementations thus combined concepts from computational physics and complex adaptive systems with concepts from travel behavior research. The third part of the book looks at theoretical concepts that are able to describe important aspects of the simulation system; for example, under certain conditions the code becomes a Monte Carlo engine sampling from a discrete choice model. Another important aspect is the interpretation of the MATSim score as utility in the microeconomic sense, opening up a connection to benefit cost analysis. Finally, the book collects use cases as they have been undertaken with MATSim. All current users of MATSim were invited to submit their work, and many followed with sometimes crisp and short and sometimes longer contributions, always with pointers to additional references. We hope that the book will become an invitation to explore, to build and to extend agent-based modeling of travel behavior from the stable and well tested core of MATSim documented here.
Author: Sylvie Mira-Bonnardel
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030729761
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Over the past two decades, society has been witnessing how technological, political, and societal changes have been transforming individual and collective urban mobility. Driven both by newcomers and traditional players, by disruptive as well as incremental innovations, the main objective now is to enhance mobility and accessibility while, reducing vehicle ownership, congestion, road accidents, and pollution in cities. This transformation has been mainly enabled by the widespread adoption of internet-connected devices (e.g.: smartphones and tablets) and by the innovative business models, technologies, and use-cases that arose from this rapid digitalization, such as peer-to-peer, and two-sided markets providing several mobility schemes: car-sharing, car-pooling, bike sharing, free-floating (cars, bikes, electric scooter), ridesharing and ride hailing either for long distances as well as for urban and micro-mobility. The book presents – in a holistic perspective – how this revolution is happening and what are the major cornerstones for the implementation of robomobility. It aims at answering several substantial issues, such as: What is robomobility and what does it imply for the different stakeholders of the public transport ecosystem? How do policy makers integrate this innovation and how ready the regulations are? How do citizens take part in this transformation? What is the level of user acceptance for this new type of mobility? What are its environmental impacts? What is the economic impact of deploying these shuttles in a local ecosystem?
Author: Evan Jerome Fields
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Book Description
In the design and operation of urban mobility systems, it is often desirable to understand patterns in traveler demand. However, demand is typically unobserved and must be estimated from available data. To address this disconnect, we begin by proposing a method for recovering an unknown probability distribution given a censored or truncated sample from that distribution. The proposed method is a novel and conceptually simple detruncation technique based on sampling the observed data according to weights learned by solving a simulation-based optimization problem; this method is especially appropriate in cases where little analytic information about the unknown distribution is available but the truncation process can be simulated. The proposed method is compared to the ubiquitous maximum likelihood (MLE) method in a variety of synthetic validation experiments where it is found that the proposed method performs slightly worse than perfectly specified MLE and competitively with slight misspecified MLE. We then describe a novel car-sharing simulator which captures many of the important interactions between supply, demand, and system utilization while remaining simple and computationally efficient. In collaboration with Zipcar, a leading car-sharing operator in the United States, we demonstrate the usefulness of our detruncation method combined with our simulator via a pair of case studies. These tools allow us to estimate demand for round trip car-sharing services in the Boston and New York metropolitan areas, and the inferred demand distributions contain actionable insights. Finally, we extend the detruncation method to cover cases where data is noisy, missing, or must be combined from different sources such as web or mobile applications. In synthetic validation experiments, the extended method is benchmarked against kernel density estimation (KDE) with Gaussian kernels. We find that the proposed method typically outperforms KDE, especially when the distribution to be estimated is not unimodal. With this extended method we consider the added utility of search data when estimating demand for car-sharing.
Author: Wenzhong Shi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811589836
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 941
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Book Description
This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently – to become ‘smart’ and ‘sustainable’. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of ‘big’ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity.
Author: Slim Hammadi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118577256
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Book Description
The use and management of multimodal transport systems, including car-pooling and goods transportation, have become extremely complex, due to their large size (sometimes several thousand variables), the nature of their dynamic relationships as well as the many constraints to which they are subjected. The managers of these systems must ensure that the system works as efficiently as possible by managing the various causes of malfunction of the transport system (vehicle breakdowns, road obstructions, accidents, etc.). The detection and resolution of conflicts, which are particularly complex and must be dealt with in real time, are currently processed manually by operators. However, the experience and abilities of these operators are no longer sufficient when faced with the complexity of the problems to be solved. It is thus necessary to provide them with an interactive tool to help with the management of disturbances, enabling them to identify the different disturbances, to characterize and prioritize these disturbances, to process them by taking into account their specifics and to evaluate the impact of the decisions in real time. Each chapter of this book can be broken down into an approach for solving a transport problem in 3 stages, i.e. modeling the problem, creating optimization algorithms and validating the solutions. The management of a transport system calls for knowledge of a variety of theories (problem modeling tools, multi-objective problem classification, optimization algorithms, etc.). The different constraints increase its complexity drastically and thus require a model that represents as far as possible all the components of a problem in order to better identify it and propose corresponding solutions. These solutions are then evaluated according to the criteria of the transport providers as well as those of the city transport authorities. This book consists of a state of the art on innovative transport systems as well as the possibility of coordinating with the current public transport system and the authors clearly illustrate this coordination within the framework of an intelligent transport system. Contents 1. Dynamic Car-pooling, Slim Hammadi and Nawel Zangar. 2. Simulation of Urban Transport Systems, Christian Tahon, Thérèse Bonte and Alain Gibaud. 3. Real-time Fleet Management: Typology and Methods, Frédéric Semet and Gilles Goncalves. 4. Solving the Problem of Dynamic Routes by Particle Swarm, Mostefa Redouane Khouahjia, Laetitia Jourdan and El Ghazali Talbi. 5. Optimization of Traffic at a Railway Junction: Scheduling Approaches Based on Timed Petri Nets, Thomas Bourdeaud’huy and Benoît Trouillet. About the Authors Slim Hammadi is Full Professor at the Ecole Centrale de Lille in France, and Director of the LAGIS Team on Optimization of Logistic systems. He is an IEEE Senior Member and specializes in distributed optimization, multi-agent systems, supply chain management and metaheuristics. Mekki Ksouri is Professor and Head of the Systems Analysis, Conception and Control Laboratory at Tunis El Manar University, National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT) in Tunisia. He is an IEEE Senior Member and specializes in control systems, nonlinear systems, adaptive control and optimization. The multimodal transport network customers need to be oriented during their travels. A multimodal information system (MIS) can provide customers with a travel support tool, allowing them to express their demands and providing them with the appropriate responses in order to improve their travel conditions. This book develops methodologies in order to realize a MIS tool capable of ensuring the availability of permanent multimodal information for customers before and while traveling, considering passengers mobility.
Author: Haoran Zhang
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323901700
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Big Data and Mobility as a Service explores MaaS platforms that can be adaptable to the ever-evolving mobility environment. It looks at multi-mode urban crowd data to assess urban mobility characteristics, their shared transportation potential, and their performance conditions and constraints. The book analyzes the roles of multimodality, travel behavior, urban mobility dynamics and participation. Combined with insights on using big data to analyze market and policy decisions, this book is an essential tool for urban transportation management researchers and practitioners. Summarizes current fundamental MaaS technologies Shows how to utilize anonymous big data for transportation analysis and problem-solving Illustrates, with data-enabled shared transportation service examples from different countries, the similarities and differences within a global urban mobility framework
Author: Marcus Baum
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331996271X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the Clausthal-Göttingen International Workshop on Simulation Science, held in Göttingen, Germany, in April 2017. The 16 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on simulation and optimization in networks, simulation of materials, distributed simulations.
