Author: Rajeev Das
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"The application of superconductors has always fascinated engineers because of their ability to provide very small resistive losses. Electric machines developed using superconductors provide the advantage of lower volume, and higher efficiency compared to conventional machines with similar specifications.High temperature superconductors (HTS) display the property of superconductivity at relatively higher temperatures compared to conventional superconductors. The use of HTS in electric machines provides substantial benefits in terms of less energy spent on refrigeration. In the field of computational electromagnetics, HTS in low frequency devices pose a few unique challenges that demand different approaches from the existing techniques applied in normal materials and conventional superconducting materials. This dissertation investigates the properties of HTS and then attempts to address various issues that arise while modeling and optimizing HTS based devices.The high degree of non-linearity in HTS presents significant difficulty for a solution to converge. This thesis models the behavior of HTS based low frequency examples, and suggests an approach that improves the convergence and reduces the computation time. In this effort, the successive substitution method and the Aitken approximation were used to develop the proposed algorithm.Subsequently, a multiphysics model of HTS based current leads was developed. To analyze the magnetic field problem, a 2D technique was considered, and the analysis of thermal behavior used a 3D approach. This study helped in determining the approach to solve both types of field problems associated with current leads and coupling the two sets of problems.Computational approaches to solve HTS based problems are still in their infancy and there is a shortage of data in this field. In order to generate more data, which could then be used in optimization or modeling of HTS devices, this work examined statistical methods that could be applied in such scenarios. In this thesis, aspects such as sampling methods of search space and methods to construct surrogates were researched; the use of Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) are proposed.This dissertation ultimately considers a real world example of HTS current leads to address some of the challenges associated with them, specifically the reduction of heat leakage, the material used and the AC loss. To achieve these three goals, multi-objective optimization was considered and Differential Evolution (DE), a stochastic based technique was used to achieve the optimization goals. This facet of the thesis establishes the viability of stochastic methods to optimize systems with multiple goals to satisfy and having HTS a highly non-linear material in them, along with the possible objective functions and constraint relations." --
Author: Boyang Shen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303058058X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
This thesis introduces a systematic study on Second Generation (2G) High Temperature Superconductors (HTS), covering a novel design of an advanced medical imaging device using HTS, and an in-depth investigation on the losses of HTS. The text covers the design and simulation of a superconducting Lorentz Force Electrical Impedance Tomography. This is potentially a significant medical device that is more efficient and compact than an MRI, and is capable of detecting early cancer, as well as other pathologies such stroke and internal haemorrhages. It also presents the information regarding the fundamental physics of superconductivity, concentrating on the AC losses in superconducting coils and tapes. Overall, the thesis signifies an important contribution to the investigation of High Temperature Superconductors. This thesis will be beneficial to the development of advanced superconducting applications in healthcare as well as more broadly in electrical and energy systems.
Author: I. A. Parinov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540709770
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive presentation of all types of HTSC and includes a broad overview on HTSC computer simulations and modeling. Especial attention is devoted to the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Y-Ba-Cu-O families that today are the most perspective for applications. The book includes a great number of illustrations and references. The monograph is addressed to students, post-graduate students and specialists, taking part in the development, preparation and researching of new materials.
Author: Bertrand Dutoit
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811271453
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This book aims to present an introduction to numerical modeling of different aspects of large-scale superconducting applications: electromagnetics, thermal, mechanics and thermo-hydraulics. The importance of computational modeling to advance current superconductor research cannot be overlooked, especially given the enormous benefits provided by superconductors in many human endeavours, including energy generation, medical treatments, and future electrical technologies.Aimed at graduate students, researchers and practitioners in different fields of applied superconductivity, this book consists of four chapters. The chapter on electromagnetics provides a review of the state-of-the-art modeling of electromagnetic phenomena in superconductors, emphasising the theoretical aspects of the different numerical formulations. This is followed by a chapter on thermal effects, dedicated to the simulation of thermal stability and quench in superconducting magnets, with specific examples of magnets used in particle accelerators. Then, the chapter on mechanics provides details of the modeling of forces and stresses in cables composed of second-generation high-temperature superconducting wires. Finally, the chapter on thermo-hydraulics focuses on the fundamental thermal-hydraulic aspects involved in the cooling of superconducting magnets, with special reference to the issues related to the forced-flow cooling.
Author: Qiuliang Wang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118398173
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Book Description
Magnets are widely used in industry, medical, scientific instruments, and electrical equipment. They are the basic tools for scientific research and electromagnetic devices. Numerical methods for the magnetic field analysis combined with mathematical optimization from practical applications of the magnets have been widely studied in recent years. It is necessary for professional researchers, engineers, and students to study these numerical methods for the complex magnet structure design instead of using traditional "trial-and-error" methods. Those working in this field will find this book useful as a reference to help reduce costs and obtain good magnetic field quality. Presents a clear introduction to magnet technology, followed by basic theories, numerical analysis, and practical applications Emphasizes the latest developments in magnet design, including MRI systems Provides comprehensive numerical techniques that provide solutions to practical problems Introduces the latest computation techniques for optimizing and characterizing the magnetostatic structure design Well organized and adaptable by researchers, engineers, lecturers, and students Appendix available on the Wiley Companion Website As a comprehensive treatment of the topic, Practical Design of Magnetostatic Structure Using Numerical Simulation is ideal for researchers in the field of magnets and their applications, materials scientists, structural engineers, and graduate students in electrical engineering. The book will also better equip mechanical engineers and aerospace engineers.
Author: Armen Gulian
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303023486X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
This accessible textbook offers a novel, concept-led approach to superconducting electronics, using the COMSOL Multiphysics software to help describe fundamental principles in an intuitive manner. Based on a course taught by the author and aimed primarily at engineering students, the book explains concepts effectively and efficiently, uncovering the “shortcut” to understanding each topic, enabling readers to quickly grasp the underlying essence. The book is divided into two main parts; the first part provides a general introduction to key topics encountered in superconductivity, illustrated using COMSOL simulations based on time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations and avoiding any deeply mathematical derivations. It includes numerous worked examples and problem sets with tips and solutions. The second part of the book is more conventional in nature, providing detailed derivations of the basic equations from first principles. This part covers more advanced topics, including the BCS-Gor'kov-Eliashberg approach to equilibrium properties of superconductors, the derivation of kinetic equations for nonequilibrium superconductors, and the derivation of time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations, used as the basis for COMSOL modeling in the first part. Supported throughout by an extensive library of COMSOL Multiphysics animations, the book serves as a uniquely accessible introduction to the field for engineers and others with a less rigorous background in physics and mathematics. However, it also features more detailed mathematical background for those wishing to delve further into the subject.
Author: J. Robert Schrieffer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387687343
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 627
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Book Description
Since the 1980s, a general theme in the study of high-temperature superconductors has been to test the BCS theory and its predictions against new data. At the same time, this process has engendered new physics, new materials, and new theoretical frameworks. Remarkable advances have occurred in sample quality and in single crystals, in hole and electron doping in the development of sister compounds with lower transition temperatures, and in instruments to probe structure and dynamics. Handbook of High-Temperature Superconductvity is a comprehensive and in-depth treatment of both experimental and theoretical methodologies by the the world's top leaders in the field. The Editor, Nobel Laureate J. Robert Schrieffer, and Associate Editor James S. Brooks, have produced a unified, coherent work providing a global view of high-temperature superconductivity covering the materials, the relationships with heavy-fermion and organic systems, and the many formidable challenges that remain.
Author: Ekaterina Kurbatova
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The chapter deals with the electromagnetic properties of bulk high-temperature superconductors (HTSs), which can be used in magnetic systems for various applications, in particular, in contactless magnetic suspensions. Magnetic levitation in HTS material has a different nature from permanent magnets. It is caused by induced superconducting currents inside the volume of material. Due to this, the levitation is self-stabilizing and does not require additional active control or mechanical stops in magnetic systems with HTS. HTS materials have nonlinear, anisotropic, hysteresis properties, which make the calculation of the superconducting devices very difficult. Here you can find a brief overview of existing approaches to modeling HTS materials by E-J characteristics. Authors propose the method of simulation intending for 3D numerical calculation, which represents the processes in HTS using two types of magnetic field sources ,Äì current and magnetization. The chapter focuses on the analysis of sources inside the superconducting material and their influence on an external magnetic field and levitation properties of HTS. In addition to simulations, the experimental studies of the force interactions between HTS bulks and permanent magnet are presented and compared with the calculations to verify the proposed mathematical models.
Author: Jeffrey W. Lynn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461232228
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
One of the most exciting developments in modern physics has been the discovery of the new class of oxide materials with high superconducting transition temperature. Systems with Tc well above liquid nitrogen temperature are already a reality and higher Tc's are anticipated. Indeed, the idea of a room-temperature superconductor, which just a short time ago was considered science fiction, appears to be a distinctly possible outcome of materials research. To address the need to train students and scientists for research in this exciting field, Jeffrey W. Lynn and colleagues at the University of Maryland, College Park, as well as other superconductivity experts from around the U.S., taught a graduate-level course in the fall of 1987, from which the chapters in this book were drawn. Subjects included are: Survey of superconductivity (J. Lynn).- The theory of type-II superconductivity (D. Belitz).- The Josephson effect (P. Ferrell).- Crystallography (A. Santoro).- Electronic structure (C.P. Wang).- Magnetic properties and interactions (J. Lynn).- Synthesis and diamagnetic properties (R. Shelton).- Electron pairing (P. Allen).- Superconducting devices (F. Bedard).- Superconducting properties (J. Crow, N.-P. Ong).
Author: Ajay Kumar Saxena
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642284817
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This book presents the current knowledge about superconductivity in high Tc cuprate superconductors. There is a large scientific interest and great potential for technological applications. The book discusses all the aspects related to all families of cuprate superconductors discovered so far. Beginning with the phenomenon of superconductivity, the book covers: the structure of cuprate HTSCs, critical currents, flux pinning, synthesis of HTSCs, proximity effect and SQUIDs, possible applications of high Tc superconductors and theories of superconductivity. Though a high Tc theory is still awaited, this book describes the present scenario and BCS and RVB theories. The second edition was significantly extended by including film-substrate lattice matching and buffer layer considerations in thin film HTSCs, brick-wall microstructure in the epitaxial films, electronic structure of the CuO2 layer in cuprates, s-wave and d-wave coupling in HTSCs and possible scenarios of theories of high Tc superconductivity.
