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Author: Haushila Prasad Pandey
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783848408078
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Silica induced lung fibrosis otherwise known as Silicosis. It is irreversible fibrosis of the lungs caused by inhalation of free silica dust. It is estimated that about million of people are working in various types of mines, ceramics, potteries, foundries, metal grinding, stone crushing, agate grinding, slate pencil industry etc., and occupationally exposed to free silica dust and are at potential risk of developing silicosis. Silica induces different kinds of pro-inflammatory cytokines that help in progression of disease. IL-6 is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce after silica exposure in lung. In the present book silicosis, parthenogenesis of silicosis and role of IL-6 have been discussed.
Author: Haushila Prasad Pandey
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783848408078
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Silica induced lung fibrosis otherwise known as Silicosis. It is irreversible fibrosis of the lungs caused by inhalation of free silica dust. It is estimated that about million of people are working in various types of mines, ceramics, potteries, foundries, metal grinding, stone crushing, agate grinding, slate pencil industry etc., and occupationally exposed to free silica dust and are at potential risk of developing silicosis. Silica induces different kinds of pro-inflammatory cytokines that help in progression of disease. IL-6 is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce after silica exposure in lung. In the present book silicosis, parthenogenesis of silicosis and role of IL-6 have been discussed.
Author: Tarcio Teodoro Braga
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889453324
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Macrophages comprehend a heterogeneous mononuclear phagocytic population with wide range phenotypes and roles in homeostasis maintenance and diseases, such as infections, autoimmunity and cancer. Technology improvements enable researchers to track different macrophage populations in different tissues and situations and hypothesize on their role in promoting inflammation or stimulating tissue repair. Through innate immune recognition system macrophages can launch several effector artilleries that culminate in the production of various types of inflammatory mediators as cytokines, chemokines, lipid mediators and oxygen reactive species, which in turn, influence the behavior of other cells. Furthermore, macrophages and interacting cells are also susceptible to metabolic changes that ultimately will define the outcome macrophage signaling and its effect in the tissue. Here, we present a concise series of discussions on the role of macrophages, its response to the microenvironment and effects on other cells during tissue injury and repair. Triggering of inflammasome in macrophage activation and function is of special interest in this issue. We will emphasize the role of different macrophage subpopulations and the plasticity of these cells during fibrotic process in different models of diseases.
Author: Bryan Corrin
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702046221
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 785
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Book Description
With an emphasis on practical diagnostic problem solving, Pathology of the Lungs, 3rd Edition provides the pulmonary pathologist and the general surgical pathologist with an accessible, comprehensive guide to the recognition and interpretation of common and rare neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung conditions. The text is written by two authors and covers all topics in a consistent manner without the redundancies or lapses that are common in multi-authored texts. The text is lavishly illustrated with the highest quality illustrations which accurately depict the histologic, immunohistochemical and cytologic findings under consideration and it is supplemented throughout with practical tips and advice from two internationally respected experts. The user-friendly design and format allows rapid access to essential information and the incorporation throughout of relevant clinical and radiographic information makes it a complete diagnostic resource inside the reporting room. Approximately 1,000 high quality full color illustrations.Provides the user with a complete visual guide to each specimen and assists in the recognition and diagnosis of any slide looked at under the microscope. Comprehensive coverage of both common and rare lung diseases and disorders. One stop consultation resource for the reporting room or study, no need to go further to get questions answered. Clinical background and ancillary radiographs incorporated throughout.Provides the user with all of the necessary diagnostic tools to make a complete and accurate pathologic report. Practical advice and tips from two of the world’s recognized experts. Provides the trainee and general surgical pathologist with time saving diagnostic clues when dealing with difficult specimens. Consistent and uniform approach incorporated for each disease and disorder (Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, pathologic features, differential diagnosis) User-friendly format enables quick and easy navigation to the key information required. Extensive use of summary tables, charts and graphs throughout the text. Helps simplify and clarify complex concepts and facilitates “at a glance comparisons between entities. Extensive reference list highlights landmark articles as well as including most up-to-date citations. Directs the trainee and practitioner to the most recent and authoritative sources for further reading and investigation
Author: Abdulraouf Ramadan
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889452840
Category : Diseases
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
The immune system detects "danger" through a series of what we call pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), working in concert with both positive and negative signals derived from other tissues. PAMPs are molecules associated with groups of pathogens that are small molecular motifs conserved within a class of microbes. They are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors. A vast array of different types of molecules can serve as PAMPs, including glycans and glycoconjugates. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), endotoxins found on the cell membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, are considered to be the prototypical class of PAMPs. LPSs are specifically recognized by TLR4, a recognition receptor of the innate immune system. Other PAMPs include bacterial flagellin (recognized by TLR5), lipoteichoic acid from Gram-positive bacteria, peptidoglycan, and nucleic acid variants normally associated with viruses, such as double-stranded RNA, recognized by TLR3 or unmethylated CpG motifs, recognized by TLR9. DAMPs, also known as alarmins, are molecules released by stressed cells undergoing necrosis that act as endogenous danger signals to promote and exacerbate the immune and inflammatory response. DAMPs vary greatly depending on the type of cell (epithelial, mesenchymal, etc.) and injured tissue. Some endogenous danger signals include heat-shock proteins, HMGB1 (high-mobility group box 1), reactive oxygen intermediates, extracellular matrix breakdown products such as hyaluronan fragments, neuromediators, and cytokines like the interferons (IFNs). Non-protein DAMPs include ATP, uric acid, heparin sulfate, and DNA. Furthermore, accumulating evidence supports correlation between alarmins and changes in the microbiome. Increased serum or plasma levels of these DAMPs have been associated with many inflammatory diseases, including gastric and intestinal inflammatory diseases, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), sepsis and multiple organ failure, allergies particularly in the lungs, atherosclerosis, age-associated insulin resistance, arthritis, lupus, neuro-inflammation/degeneration and more recently in tumors, which is particularly interesting with the emergence of immunotherapies. Therapeutic strategies are being developed to modulate the expression of these DAMPs for the treatment of these diseases. A vast number of reviews have already been published in this area; thus, in an effort to not duplicate what has already been written, we will focus on recent discoveries particularly in disease models that are epidemic in Western society: intestinal chronic inflammatory diseases including GVHD and its relationship with the microbiome, chronic infectious diseases, allergies, autoimmune diseases, neuroinflammation and cancers. We will also focus on the basic cellular roles of macrophages, T cells and B cells. This research topic brings together sixteen articles that provide novel insights into the mechanisms of action of DAMPS/alarmins and their regulation and subsequent immunologically driven responses.
Author: Geoffrey J. Laurent
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 680
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Book Description
An impressive four-volume work that provides an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of the complete field of respiratory medicine. It provides a vital interface between the pure and clinical science environments covering all aspects of respiratory medicine from the relevant molecular biology to the treatment of diseases that affect the respiratory system. It includes comprehensive coverage of lung cells, the structural components of the lung and key molecules that regulate lung function as well as all the major respiratory diseases. Students, researchers and professionals alike will find this an authoritative source of information on all aspects of respiratory medicine. Also available online via ScienceDirect (2006) - featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. Includes diagrams of uniformly high quality and references to enable readers to access the wider literature Highly structured through the use of chapter templates Key four-color illustrations that will be invaluable teaching tools
Author: Harry Salem
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420037307
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1055
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Book Description
Written by internationally recognized scientists from academic, industrial, and governmental sectors, Inhalation Toxicology, Second Edition details the methods and materials used in the theoretical and applied aspects of inhalation toxicology. The editors emphasize the relationship between the respiratory system and toxicology of inhaled substances
Author: Val Vallyathan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461510872
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
A veritable mountain of literature has been published showing the causal relationship of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in human disease conditions, and there has been an explosion in the understanding of oxidative stress, the protective role of antioxidants and molecular events involved in the regulation of transcription, editing, and translation of key events leading to disease processes. Strategies need to be developed for prevention of diseases by allowing scientists and clinicians to obtain information on new and emerging advances. The molecular mechanisms involved in several diseases including Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, arthritis, and Parkinson's disease, as well as disorders of the eye, skin, cardiac, and pulmonary systems are discussed in this volume, along with scientific evidence supporting the value of dietary supplementation with antioxidants in the prevention of cellular damage leading to chronic disease. Special in vivo techniques are also discussed at length, along with the role of molecular studies in human risk assessment.
Author: Maziar Divangahi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461461111
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
This book illustrates the intimate relationship between alveolar macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.), and the former’s role in both innate and adaptive immunity against M.tb. It covers research done over the last decade. It also explores the role of macrophage death following infection with M.tb. in determining whether successful immunity is stimulated, or whether clinical disease develops; furthermore, the function of host lipid mediators in macrophage death modality are addressed. The book also illustrates how the balance between prostaglandins and lipoxins determines whether infected macrophages undergo apoptosis or necrosis, which is the ultimate factor in the outcome of infection. Finally, it is a synthesis of the authors’ recent studies and the studies of others to offer a new understanding of immunity to tuberculosis.
Author: Marvin I. Schwarz
Publisher: PMPH-USA
ISBN: 1550091794
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1183
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Book Description
Interstitial Lung Disease, Fourth Edition is a complete publication of interstitial lung diseases and includes clinical, pathologic, radiologic, and physiologic evaluation of the patient with ILD. It provides a basic pathobiology and a complete description of individual disease entities. The book covers a wide array of disorders - sarcoidosis, asbestosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, drug-induced lung disease, connective tissue disease, and pulmonary vasculitis, to name but a few. This new edition also features an examination of future potential therapies for interstitial lung disease. Interstitial Lung Disease is divided into three sections. The Clinical Approach section provides the basis for recognizing the key features that allow a specific diagnosis to be achieved. The section dedicated to Basic Mechanisms emphasizes the many advances in genetics and cellular and molecular biology that have greatly expanded our understanding of the biological processes involved in the pathogenesis of the interstitial lung diseases. The third section titled Clinical Entities describes the clinical manifestations, radiologic patterns, histopathological features, and management of the specific process
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 409
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Book Description
