Reduced Fidelity of E. Coli Leading Strand DNA Replication Opposite ENU-induced Thymine Adducts in the Transcribed Strand PDF Download
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Author: Christian P. Coogan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
N -ethyl- N -nitrosourea (ENU) is an alkylating agent that forms covalent adducts in DNA. These adducts promote the occurrence of mutations. In a previous study, the frequency of ENU-induced mutations in a strain of Escherichia coli (FX-11) having a palindromic target sequence was asymmetric. This result suggested a possible difference between leading and lagging strand replication complexes in the formation of ENU-induced mutations. In this research, gene inversion was studied by constructing two derivatives of E. coli FX-11 that contained the target allele ( tyr A14) in opposite orientations with respect to the replication fork. ENU-induced mutagenesis produced different base changes in the nonsense defect that restored tyr A14 function (backmutants). Mutation frequency analysis revealed that replication orientation did have an affect on ENU-induced mutagenesis. However, this affect only occurred when the damage was located on the transcribed strand, in which case leading strand synthesis was more mutagenic than lagging strand synthesis.
Author: Christian P. Coogan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
N -ethyl- N -nitrosourea (ENU) is an alkylating agent that forms covalent adducts in DNA. These adducts promote the occurrence of mutations. In a previous study, the frequency of ENU-induced mutations in a strain of Escherichia coli (FX-11) having a palindromic target sequence was asymmetric. This result suggested a possible difference between leading and lagging strand replication complexes in the formation of ENU-induced mutations. In this research, gene inversion was studied by constructing two derivatives of E. coli FX-11 that contained the target allele ( tyr A14) in opposite orientations with respect to the replication fork. ENU-induced mutagenesis produced different base changes in the nonsense defect that restored tyr A14 function (backmutants). Mutation frequency analysis revealed that replication orientation did have an affect on ENU-induced mutagenesis. However, this affect only occurred when the damage was located on the transcribed strand, in which case leading strand synthesis was more mutagenic than lagging strand synthesis.
Author: Manasi J. Benurwar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause a variety of alterations in the chemical structure of DNA strands. The most common lesions formed are the thymine-thymine cyclopyrimidine dimers (CPDs), which result in the covalent linking of adjacent thymine bases in the same strand. These lesions, if left uncorrected, may eventually lead to cell death or mutations. In previous research, the Escherichia coli strain FX-11-TC, an excision repair deficient derivative of FX-11, was shown to produce an unequal distribution of UV-induced mutations within the palindromic target sequence 5'-GTTAAC-3'. The results suggested a potential difference in the fidelity of DNA replication between the leading and the lagging strands. In this research, the possibility of unequal rates of UV mutagenesis in the leading strand of the replicon as opposed to the lagging strand was investigated.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth C. Fugelsang
Publisher: Рипол Классик
ISBN: 5881474686
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 415
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Book Description
Author: Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Author: Robert A. Goodnow, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118487680
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 495
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Book Description
This book comprehensively describes the development and practice of DNA-encoded library synthesis technology. Together, the chapters detail an approach to drug discovery that offers an attractive addition to the portfolio of existing hit generation technologies such as high-throughput screening, structure-based drug discovery and fragment-based screening. The book: Provides a valuable guide for understanding and applying DNA-encoded combinatorial chemistry Helps chemists generate and screen novel chemical libraries of large size and quality Bridges interdisciplinary areas of DNA-encoded combinatorial chemistry – synthetic and analytical chemistry, molecular biology, informatics, and biochemistry Shows medicinal and pharmaceutical chemists how to efficiently broaden available “chemical space” for drug discovery Provides expert and up-to-date summary of reported literature for DNA-encoded and DNA-directed chemistry technology and methods
Author: Uldis N. Streips
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471461083
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 673
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Book Description
In accordance with its predecessor, the completely revised and expanded Second Edition of Modern Microbial Genetics focuses on how bacteria and bacteriophage arrange and rearrange their genetic material through mutation, evolution, and genetic exchange to take optimal advantage of their environment. The text is divided into three sections: DNA Metabolism, Genetic Response, and Genetic Exchange. The first addresses how DNA replicates, repairs itself, and recombines, as well as how it may be manipulated. The second section is devoted to how microorganisms interact with their environment, including chapters on sporulation and stress shock, and the final section contains the latest information on classic exchange mechanisms such as transformation and conjugation. Chapters include: * Gene Expression and Its Regulation * Single-Stranded DNA Phages * Genetic Tools for Dissecting Motility and Development of Myxococcus xanthus * Molecular Mechanism of Quorum Sensing * Transduction in Gram-Negative Bacteria * Genetic Approaches in Bacteria with No Natural Genetic Systems The editors also cultivate an attention to global regulatory systems throughout the book, elucidating how certain genes and operons in bacteria, defined as regulons, network and cooperate to suit the needs of the bacterial cell. With clear appreciation for the impact of molecular genomics, this completely revised and updated edition proves that Modern Microbial Genetics remains the benchmark text in its field.
Author: Mark R. Kelley
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128035994
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
DNA Repair and Cancer Therapy: Molecular Targets and Clinical Applications, Second Edition provides a comprehensive and timely reference that focuses on the translational and clinical use of DNA repair as a target area for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and the enhancement of cancer treatment. Experts on DNA repair proteins from all areas of cancer biology research take readers from bench research to new therapeutic approaches. This book provides a detailed discussion of combination therapies, in other words, how the inhibition of repair pathways can be coupled with chemotherapy, radiation, or DNA damaging drugs. Newer areas in this edition include the role of DNA repair in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, radiation DNA damage, Fanconi anemia cross-link repair, translesion DNA polymerases, BRCA1-BRCA2 pathway for HR and synthetic lethality, and mechanisms of resistance to clinical PARP inhibitors. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the basic and translational research in DNA repair as a cancer therapeutic target - Includes timely updates from the earlier edition, including Fanconi Anemia cross-link repair, translesion DNA polymerases, chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, and many other new areas within DNA repair and cancer therapy - Saves academic, medical, and pharma researchers time by allowing them to quickly access the very latest details on DNA repair and cancer therapy - Assists researchers and research clinicians in understanding the importance of the breakthroughs that are contributing to advances in disease-specific research
Author: Liang Cheng
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781461447993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1136
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Book Description
Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition presents up-to-date material containing fundamental information relevant to the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Fully updated in each area and expanded to include identification of new infectious agents (H1N1), new diagnostic biomarkers and biomarkers for targeted cancer therapy. This edition is also expanded to include the many new technologies that have become available in the past few years such as microarray (AmpliChip) and high throughput deep sequencing, which will certainly change the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Part I examines the clinical aspects of molecular biology and technology, genomics. Poharmacogenomics and proteomics, while Part II covers the clinically relevant information of medical genetics, hematology, transfusion medicine, oncology, and forensic pathology. Supplemented with many useful figures and presented in a helpful bullet-point format, Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition provides a unique reference for practicing pathologists, oncologists, internists, and medical genetisists. Furthermore, a book with concise overview of the field and highlights of clinical applications will certainly help those trainees, including pathology residents, genetics residents, molecular pathology fellows, internists, hematology/oncology fellows, and medical technologists in preparing for their board examination/certification.
Author: Q. Y. Shu
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 1780640854
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 612
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Book Description
Abstract: This book presents contemporary information on mutagenesis in plants and its applications in plant breeding and research. The topics are classified into sections focusing on the concepts, historical development and genetic basis of plant mutation breeding (chapters 1-6); mutagens and induced mutagenesis (chapters 7-13); mutation induction and mutant development (chapters 14-23); mutation breeding (chapters 24-34); or mutations in functional genomics (chapters 35-41). This book is an essential reference for those who are conducting research on mutagenesis as an approach to improving or modifying a trait, or achieving basic understanding of a pathway for a trait --.
