Author: James E. Cruthers
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600213434
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
Higher education is a complex package of issues which never seems to leave the limelight. The primary wedge issues are tuition cost, access, accountability, financial aid, government funding, sports and their place within higher education, academic results, societal gains as a whole in terms of international competition, and continuing education. This book examines current leading edge issues from around the world which will play a role in this crucial sector of human endeavour including family educational rights, student loans, tax credits and international studies.
Author: Megan S. Lynch
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437931898
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
This report examines the timing of certain stages of the reconciliation process and the extent to which the submission due date included in a reconciliation instruction is a predictor for the timing of committee response.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Budget
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Author: Robert Keith
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437936237
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Reconciliation is a procedure by which Congress implements budget resolution policies affecting mainly permanent spending and revenue programs. The Byrd rule (BR) provides 6 definitions of what constitutes extraneous matter for purposes of the rule, but the term is generally described as covering provisions unrelated to achieving the goals of the reconciliation instructions. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.; (2) Legislative History of the BR; (3) Current Features of the BR; (4) Implementation of the BR: Points of Order; Waiver Motions; Instances in Which the BR was Not Invoked; (5) BR Controversies: Effects on Tax-Cut Legislation; Comprehensive Policy Changes: Health Care and Education Reform. Text of the BR. Charts and tables.
Author: Bill Heniff Jr.
Publisher: The Capitol Net Inc
ISBN: 1587332949
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Budgeting for the federal government is an enormously complex process. It entails dozens of subprocesses, countless rules and procedures, the efforts of tens of thousands of staff persons in the executive and legislative branches, and the active participation of the President, congressional leaders, Members of Congress, and members of the executive branch. This analysis shows the various elements of the federal budget process including the President's budget submission, framework, timetable, the budget resolution, reconciliation, the "Byrd Rule," appropriations, authorizations, and budget execution. Congress is distinguished from nearly every other legislature in the world by the control it exercises over fashioning the government's budgetary policies. This power, referred to as "the power of the purse," ensures Congress' primary role in setting revenue and borrowing policies for the federal government and in determining how these resources are spent. The congressional power of the purse derives from several key provisions in the Constitution. Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (Power to tax and spend) declares in part that Congress shall have the power to raise (that is, "to lay and collect") revenues of various types, including taxes and duties, among other things. Article I, Section 8, Clause 2 (Borrowing power) declares that the power to borrow funds "on the credit of the United States" belongs to Congress. In addition to its powers regarding revenues and borrowing, Congress exerts control over the expenditure of funds. Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 declares in part that funds can be withdrawn from the Treasury only pursuant to laws that make appropriations. Under the Constitution, revenue measures must originate in the House of Representatives. Beyond this requirement, however, the Constitution does not prescribe how the House and Senate should organize themselves, or the procedures they should use, to conduct budgeting. Over the years, however, both chambers have developed an extensive set of rules (some set forth in statute) and precedents that lay out complicated, multiple processes for making budgetary decisions. The House and Senate have also created an intricate committee system to support these processes. As American society has grown and become ever more complex, and as the role of the federal government in the national economy has steadily expanded, Congress also has increasingly shared power over budgetary matters with the president and the executive branch. It has refashioned the president’s role in budgeting by requiring him to submit to Congress each year a budget for the entire federal government and giving him responsibilities for monitoring agencies’ implementation of spending and revenue laws. Accordingly, the president also exercises considerable influence over key budget decisions. Table of Contents 1. "Introduction to the Federal Budget Process," CRS Report 98-721, December 3, 2012 (38-page PDF) 2. "The Executive Budget Process: An Overview," CRS Report R42633, July 27, 2012 3. "The Executive Budget Process Timetable," CRS Report RS20152, December 5, 2012 (8-page PDF) 4. "The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview," CRS Report RS20095, August 22, 2011 5. "Budget Resolution Enforcement," CRS Report 98-815, August 12, 2008 6. "Deeming Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution," CRS Report R44296, June 26, 2017 7. "Legislating in Congress: Federal Budget Process," Contributing Author Bill Heniff Jr., with updates by Robert Keith and Megan Lynch 8. "The Budget Reconciliation Process: Stages of Consideration," CRS Report R44058, January 4, 2017 9. "The Budget Reconciliation Process: The Senate's 'Byrd Rule'," CRS Report RL30862, November 22, 2016 (44-page PDF) 10. "The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction," CRS Report R42388, November 30, 2016 (28-page PDF) 11. "Allocations and Subdivisions in the Congressional Budget Process," CRS Report RS20144, November 29, 2010 12. "Omnibus Appropriations Acts: Overview of Recent Practices," CRS Report RL32473, January 14, 2016 13. "Appropriations Report Language: Overview of Development, Components, and Issues for Congress," CRS Report R44124 July 28, 2015 14. "Overview of the Authorization-Appropriations Process," CRS Report RS20371, November 26, 2012 (5-page PDF) 15. "Points of Order in the Congressional Budget Process," CRS Report 97-865, October 20, 2015 (21-page PDF) 16. "The Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions," CRS Report R44874, February 23, 2018 17. "Budget 'Sequestration' and Selected Program Exemptions and Special Rules," CRS Report R42050, June 13, 2013 (35-page PDF) 18. "Continuing Resolutions: Overview of Components and Recent Practices," CRS Report R42647, January 14, 2016 19. Additional Resources Federal Budget Links and Research Tools Laws, web sites, and books TCNBudget.com Custom On-Site Training Understanding Congressional Budgeting and Appropriations, TCNUCBA.com Advanced Federal Budget Process, TCNAFBP.com Congressional Dynamics and the Legislative Process, TCNCDLP.com Capitol Learning Audio Courses TM Appropriations Process in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-043-1 Authorizations and Appropriations in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-029-6 The Federal Budget Process with Philip Joyce, ISBN 1-58733-083-0 IndexFederalBudgetProcess.com
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Budget
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Budget
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Author: Mary T. Ewing
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781604563337
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) offers federal matching funds for states and territories to provide health insurance to uninsured, low-income children in families whose annual incomes are too high to qualify for Medicaid. Unlike Medicaid, which operates as an individual entitlement, SCHIP operates as a capped grant program. Allotment of funds among states is determined by a formula set in law. Once a state depletes a given year's original allotment, other than funds from prior years made available through redistribution, no additional federal funds will be made available to that state for that year. States have the flexibility to design their programs to operate within these funding constraints. The allotment and redistribution methods under current law have been incompatible with state spending patterns to date.
Author: James E. Cruthers
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