Logical Modalities from Aristotle to Carnap PDF Download
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Author: Adriane Rini
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107077885
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
Introduces readers to the history of necessity and possibility, two modal concepts which play a key role in philosophy.
Author: Adriane Rini
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107077885
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
Introduces readers to the history of necessity and possibility, two modal concepts which play a key role in philosophy.
Author: Willis F. Overton
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134735219
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
A presentation of current work that systematically explores and articulates the nature, origin and development of reasoning, this volume's primary aim is to describe and examine contemporary theory and research findings on the topic of deductive reasoning. Many contributors believe concepts such as "structure," "competence," and "mental logic" are necessary features for a complete understanding of reasoning. As the book emanates from a Jean Piaget Symposium, his theory of intellectual development as the standard contemporary treatment of deductive reasoning is used as the context in which the contributors elaborate on their own perceptions.
Author: Alvin Plantinga
Publisher: Clarendon Press
ISBN: 0191037176
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This is a reissue of a book which is an exploration and defence of the notion of modality 'de re', the idea that objects have both essential and accidental properties. It is one of the first full-length studies of the modalities to emerge from the debate to which Saul Kripke, David Lewis, Ruth Marcus and others have contributed. The argument is developed by means of the notion of possible worlds, and ranges over key problems including the nature of essence, trans-world identity, negative existential propositions, and the existence of unactual objects in other possible worlds. In the final chapters Professor Plantinga applies his logical theories to the clarification of two problems in the philosophy of religion - the Problem of Evil and the Ontological Argument.
Author: Leslie Smith
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 113478614X
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 567
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Book Description
First published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author: Leslie Smith
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351710850
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
Originally published in 1993, this monograph addresses a central problem in Piaget’s work, which is the temporal construction of necessary knowledge. The main argument is that both normative and empirical issues are relevant to a minimally adequate account of the development of modal understanding. This central argument embodies three main claims. One claim is philosophical. Although the concepts of knowledge and necessity are problematic, there is sufficient agreement about their core elements due to the fundamental difference between truth-value and modality. Any account of human rationality has to respect this distinction. The second claim is that this normative distinction is not always respected in psychological research on the origins of knowledge where emphasis is placed on the procedures and methods used to gain good empirical evidence. An account of the initial acquisition of knowledge is not thereby an account of its legitimation in the human mind. The third claim relates to epistemology. Intellectual development is a process in which available knowledge is used in the construction of better knowledge. The monograph identifies features of a modal model of intellectual construction, whereby some form of necessary knowledge is always used. Intellectual development occurs as the reduction of modal errors through the differentiation and coordination of available forms of modal understanding. Piaget’s work continues to provide distinctive and intelligible answers to a substantive and outstanding problem.
Author: Ronald Fagin
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262562003
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
Reasoning about knowledge—particularly the knowledge of agents who reason about the world and each other's knowledge—was once the exclusive province of philosophers and puzzle solvers. More recently, this type of reasoning has been shown to play a key role in a surprising number of contexts, from understanding conversations to the analysis of distributed computer algorithms. Reasoning About Knowledge is the first book to provide a general discussion of approaches to reasoning about knowledge and its applications to distributed systems, artificial intelligence, and game theory. It brings eight years of work by the authors into a cohesive framework for understanding and analyzing reasoning about knowledge that is intuitive, mathematically well founded, useful in practice, and widely applicable. The book is almost completely self-contained and should be accessible to readers in a variety of disciplines, including computer science, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science, and game theory. Each chapter includes exercises and bibliographic notes.
Author: Harry Beilin
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134994281
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
This volume marks the 20th Anniversary Symposium of the Jean Piaget Society. Some of the American contributors were among the first to introduce Piaget to developmental and educational psychology in the United States, while some of the international contributors worked with Piaget to develop his program of genetic epistemology and continue to make significant contributions to it. Within this volume the possibility of Piaget's paradigm is reviewed not only as the stuff of normal science, yielding fascinating empirical questions that linger within it, but also, and more importantly, as the stuff of revolutionary science, with continuing potential to comprehensively structure our thinking about developmental theory. The constructive contribution Piaget's theory has for developmental theory emerges as four central themes in the volume: understanding the intentional or semantic aspect of mental life without abandoning the Piagetian assumption that is rational and committed to truth testing; examining mental life and its development as a dialectical relation of function and structure--a relation Piaget introduced in his study of the developmental relation between procedural and operational knowledge; exploring new and interdisciplinary perspectives on equilibration as the driving force of constructive adaptive processes; understanding social and historical forces in individual and cultural development--not necessarily as forces antithetical to Piaget's perspective but as forces that take on new meaning within his framework which avoids erroneous dichotomies such as the distinction between subjective and objective knowledge.
Author: Harry J Gensler
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136994521
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 510
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Book Description
Introduction to Logic combines likely the broadest scope of any logic textbook available with clear, concise writing and interesting examples and arguments. Its key features, all retained in the Second Edition, include: • simpler ways to test arguments than those available in competing textbooks, including the star test for syllogisms • a wide scope of materials, making it suitable for introductory logic courses (as the primary text) or intermediate classes (as the primary or supplementary book) • engaging and easy-to-understand examples and arguments, drawn from everyday life as well as from the great philosophers • a suitability for self-study and for preparation for standardized tests, like the LSAT • a reasonable price (a third of the cost of many competitors) • exercises that correspond to the LogiCola program, which may be downloaded for free from the web. This Second Edition also: • arranges chapters in a more useful way for students, starting with the easiest material and then gradually increasing in difficulty • provides an even broader scope with new chapters on the history of logic, deviant logic, and the philosophy of logic • expands the section on informal fallacies • includes a more exhaustive index and a new appendix on suggested further readings • updates the LogiCola instructional program, which is now more visually attractive as well as easier to download, install, update, and use.
Author: Alex Malpass
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1472505255
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
The History of Philosophical and Formal Logic introduces ideas and thinkers central to the development of philosophical and formal logic. From its Aristotelian origins to the present-day arguments, logic is broken down into four main time periods: Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Aristotle and The Stoics) The early modern period (Bolzano, Boole) High modern period (Frege, Peano & Russell and Hilbert) Early 20th century (Godel and Tarski) Each new time frame begins with an introductory overview highlighting themes and points of importance. Chapters discuss the significance and reception of influential works and look at historical arguments in the context of contemporary debates. To support independent study, comprehensive lists of primary and secondary reading are included at the end of chapters, along with exercises and discussion questions. By clearly presenting and explaining the changes to logic across the history of philosophy, The History of Philosophical and Formal Logic constructs an easy-to-follow narrative. This is an ideal starting point for students looking to understand the historical development of logic.
Author: Stephanie Thornton
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1137006692
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 640
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Book Description
Explorative, responsive and research-led, this ground-breaking textbook offers students invaluable insights into the passage of human development from birth to adulthood. Understanding Developmental Psychology engages students from the outset with its conversational style, taking them on a fascinating journey through their own physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. With a focus on developing critical thinking skills, the book encourages students to engage with cutting-edge research in areas such as replication, gender fluidity, the ageing global population, the implications of social media and recent breakthroughs in neurodevelopment. This textbook not only covers the foundations of developmental psychology but also offers a, fresh perspective on the latest developments in the field. This comprehensive introduction is ideal for both undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in developmental psychology. Critical and accessible, the book connects students to the field of developmental psychology in an accessible and culturally inclusive way.
