Prostate Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Stage at Diagnosis, and Treatment Patterns Among White and African American Men in North Carolina PDF Download
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Author: Sohrab Ali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health and race
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
Author: Sohrab Ali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health and race
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The purpose of the Minority Population Focussed Training Program was to prepare the trainee to conduct research in the area of excess burden of prostate cancer among African American men, with excess burden defined as greater incidence, later stage at diagnosis, less access to state of the art treatment, or excess mortality from the disease. The goals were to examine results from previous research, and to develop new research. Refining measures of prostate cancer burden was a special focus of this work. During the six month project, the trainee reviewed 120 studies and task force reports on prostate cancer. Three sources of data on prostate cancer were obtained for analyses: the SEER Cancer Incidence data, the State of Maryland Cancer Registry data, and zip code%specific rates for Baltimore City. The major findings focussed on the wide variation in prostate cancer burden among African Americans, and the need to analyze cancer patterns by combining data from a variety of sources. One unanswered question from existing research is the extent to which socioeconomic disadvantage can explain some of these racial differences in cancer burden. The need for geographically based analyses led the trainee to develop and submit proposals for large scale projects examining prostate burden among Maryland men, using GIS techniques to link Registry data with environmental, social and health care data.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Prostate
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 1032
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Book Description
Author: Vonetta Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Oncology
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Conclusion: After adjusting for potential demographic and clinical confounders, significant differences exist in the receipt of first course of treatment where AA men were more likely to receive radiation and/or hormone therapy and less likely to receive surgery compared to NHW men. Further research is needed to address this disparity.
Author: Andrew W. Bruce
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1447113985
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
Carcinoma of the prostate increasingly dominates the attention of urologists for both scientific and clinical reasons. The search for an explanation and the prediction of the variable behaviour of the malignant prostatic cell continues unabated. The search for more precise tumour staging and more effective treatment is equally vigorous. Editors Andrew Bruce and John Trachtenberg have assembled acknowledged leaders in prostate cancer to present those areas of direct interest to the clinician. There are a number of other topics that might have been considered but most of these, such as experimental tumour models or biochemical factors affecting cell growth, still lack immediate application for the clinician. Carcinoma of the prostate continues to have its highest incidence in the western world, and the difference in comparison with the incidence in the Far East appears to be real and not masked by diagnostic or other factors. A number of other epidemiological aspects need careful analysis: Is the incidence increasing? Is the survival improving? Is the prognosis worse in the younger patient? Epidemiological data are easily misused and misinterpreted so that a precise analysis of the known facts makes an important opening chapter to this book.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030908265X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 781
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Book Description
Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color.
Author: Amaris R. Tippey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African American men
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
According to national statistics, African American men have a 60% higher incidence rate, are diagnosed at later stages, and have twice the mortality rate of Caucasian men. The prostate cancer disparity is especially salient in North Carolina where African American men have a mortality rate that is almost 3 times that of Caucasian men. Although the American Cancer Society does not endorse routine prostate cancer screening, it remains a priority to focus on prostate cancer screening education in African American men in the effort to evaluate psychological harms in providing prostate cancer educational information and to increase appropriate screening for early detection of prostate cancer in this high risk group. An underlying theme of research on barriers to screening is stress, however stress related to receiving information about prostate cancer screening information and has never been studied from a psycho-physiological standpoint. The current study assessed relationships between cortisol response, masculinity beliefs, prostate cancer screening knowledge and intent, health care utilization, subjective distress and demographic characteristics among African American men in the pre-screening age range (aged 25-40 years). The primary research questions were 1) Do African American men exposed to information about prostate cancer screening evidence a measurable cortisol response following this exposure?, and 2) Are masculinity beliefs and/or prostate cancer screening knowledge related to cortisol response following exposure to prostate cancer screening information? The participant's mean cortisol levels after exposure to prostate cancer screening information (M = .157. SD = 08) were significantly less than baseline cortisol levels (M =.207, SD = .16), t(53) = -3.65, p = .001. Primary analyses revealed no significant associations between cortisol response and masculinity beliefs. Results of secondary analyses revealed that participant's self-reported level of prostate cancer screening knowledge after exposure to educational information (M = 64.83, SD = 25.5) was significantly greater than (M = 22.08, SD = 24.00), t(35) = 9.36, p =
Author: Ashutosh Tewari
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1447128648
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1089
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Book Description
Prostate cancer is the commonest male cancer with over 5 million survivors in US alone. Worldwide, the problem is staggering and has attracted significant attention by media, scientists and cancer experts. Significant research, discoveries, innovations and advances in treatment of this cancer have produced voluminous literature which is difficult to synthesize and assimilate by the medical community. Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Perspective is a comprehensive and definitive source which neatly resolves this problem. It covers relevant literature by leading experts in basic science, molecular biology, epidemiology, cancer prevention, cellular imaging, staging, treatment, targeted therapeutics and innovative technologies. Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Perspective, is a valuable and timely resource for urologists and oncologists.
Author: Kevin M. McKay
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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Book Description
Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCA) is one of the most prevalent male cancers nationally, and prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates are higher in Mississippi than the national average for all racial groups. There is currently no "gold standard" treatment modality for early stage (T1-T2) prostate cancer primarily due to a lack of research comparing the various treatment modalities in a systematic manner over an extended time frame. As such, there is an array of viable treatment options that include, but are not limited to: prostatectomy via surgical excision; radiation therapy via brachytherapy; or external beam radiation therapy delivered by a linear accelerator. These three broad treatment modality types have been subdivided and become more specialized with the introduction of technological advancements. Current research suggests that these treatment modalities have similar outcomes in terms of efficacy for early stage (T1-T2) prostate cancer, with the main differences being the possibility of adverse side effects that vary by treatment modality type. While there has been some research regarding early stage (T1-T2) prostate cancer treatment modality utilization in other states, there is currently a dearth of information regarding prostate cancer treatment modalities in Mississippi. This research provides a needed analysis of early stage (T1-T2) prostate cancer treatments in Mississippi by examining the utilization of treatment modalities and demographic data including race, geographic location, and insurance status. This analysis could help explain variations in prostate cancer treatments and outcomes for African Americans and Caucasians, as well as rural versus urban residents. This information could also be a valuable resource for state entities, individual and corporate health care providers, and individual patients and their families. Methods: This research includes: (1) an analysis of the Mississippi Cancer Registry data set to provide a framework for this research to be as comprehensive and innovative as possible in regard to the variables under examination; (2) the correlation of patient demographic data to treatment modalities; and (3) an analysis of data from 2007 until 2011. The data set from the Mississippi Cancer Registry contained 9,382 patient records. Pertinent demographic data included race, age at diagnosis, date of diagnosis, date of treatment, date of death, stage and grade, county of residence, insurance status, and treatment modality. The Mississippi State Department of Rural Health list of rural counties was used to differentiate between rural and urban counties in order to identify potential areas of reduced access to health care within the state. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to study if treatment modality utilization differs by patients' demographics and their insurance status; binary logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to investigate factors associated with treatment modality utilization. Results: Analysis of the Mississippi Cancer Registry data set showed that there was a statistically significant difference in treatment modality utilization with regard to race,. geographic location, and insurance status. Conclusion: The statistical analysis indicated that a patient's geographic location within Mississippi, as well as their race and insurance status, had a statistically significant difference in the treatment modality utilized for the treatment of early stage (T1-T2) prostate cancer. This research could provide a valuable resource that would allow for more concrete planning with regards to improving health care access for patients with early stage (T1-T2) PCA, equipment purchasing decisions for treatment providers, coverage decisions for insurance providers, and individual patients with PCA having more information available to them and their family members to make informed decisions.
