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Author: Philippe De Baere
Publisher: UN
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
This study focuses on export promotion schemes that developing countries may use without violating international trade rules. It examines the rules themselves ndash; the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures for industrial goods and the Agreement on Agriculture for agricultural products ndash; and looks at schemes currently in place in the developing world.
Author: Philippe De Baere
Publisher: UN
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Get Book Here
Book Description
This study focuses on export promotion schemes that developing countries may use without violating international trade rules. It examines the rules themselves ndash; the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures for industrial goods and the Agreement on Agriculture for agricultural products ndash; and looks at schemes currently in place in the developing world.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exports
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Carla Macario
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN: 9781555877590
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
Although Latin American and Caribbean countries have assigned a high priority to increasing exports, export performance in most cases remains deficient. This work investigates why this is so, identifying the policies that determine successes and failures in Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico.
Author: Ludo Cuyvers
Publisher: AFRICAN SUN MeDIA
ISBN: 098700963X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
Governments are increasingly confronted with scarce resources, which force their export promotion organisations to seek more efficient ways and methods. At the same time, with the export successes of the emerging economies, public export promotion policies of countries are confronted with diminishing returns, particularly when the traditional export promotion instruments are used. The DSM (Decision Support Model) approach to export promotion, which is adopted and explained in the book, is deeply rooted in the international marketing research literature and allows to identify, in the rapidly changing international environment, the most promising realistic export opportunities for exporting countries.
Author: William A. Lovett
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317453166
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
Lovett (Tulane Law School), Eckes (a former commissioner of the U.S. International Commission during the Reagan and Bush I administrations), and Brinkman (international economics, Portland State U.) evaluate the evolution of U.S. trade policy, focusing on the period from the establishment of the Gen
Author: Andrew H. Card
Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations
ISBN: 0876094418
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 135
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Book Description
From American master Ward Just, returning to his trademark territory of "Forgetfulness "and "The Weather in Berlin," an evocative portrait of diplomacy and desire set against the backdrop of America's first lost war
Author: Parisa Kamali
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513519875
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
In many countries, a sizable share of international trade is carried out by intermediaries. While large firms tend to export to foreign markets directly, smaller firms typically export via intermediaries (indirect exporting). I document a set of facts that characterize the dynamic nature of indirect exporting using firm-level data from Vietnam and develop a dynamic trade model with both direct and indirect exporting modes and customer accumulation. The model is calibrated to match the dynamic moments of the data. The calibration yields fixed costs of indirect exporting that are less than a third of those of direct exporting, the variable costs of indirect exporting are twice higher, and demand for the indirectly exported products grows more slowly. Decomposing the gains from indirect and direct exporting, I find that 18 percent of the gains from trade in Vietnam are generated by indirect exporters. Finally, I demonstrate that a dynamic model that excludes the indirect exporting channel will overstate the welfare gains associated with trade liberalization by a factor of two.
Author: International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309587883
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
Mandated standards used for vehicle airbags, International Organization for Standards (ISO) standards adopted for photographic film, de facto standards for computer software--however they arise, standards play a fundamental role in the global marketplace. Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade provides a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of the link between standards, product testing and certification, and U.S. economic performance. The book includes recommendations for streamlining standards development, increasing the efficiency of product testing and certification, and promoting the success of U.S. exports in world markets. The volume offers a critical examination of organizations involved in standards and identifies the urgent improvements needed in the U.S. system for conformity assessment, in which adherence to standards is assessed and certified. Among other key issues, the book explores the role of government regulation, laboratory accreditation, and the overlapping of multiple quality standards in product development and manufacturing. In one of the first treatments of this subject, Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade offers a unique and highly valuable analysis of the impact of standards and conformity assessment on global trade.
Author: Barend A. De Vries
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
Author: Christian Volpe Martincus
Publisher: Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN: 1597821233
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Despite progress in communication technologies, lack of information still severely handicaps companies seeking to operate in international markets. Furthermore, the investments that these companies must make to gather the information required to trade with foreign markets may yield reduced returns and may consequently be low from a social point of view as third parties may derive benefits from this same information. Thus, lack of information may negatively affect trade, and thereby productivity and economic growth. For these reasons, firms carrying out export projects may require support to overcome information barriers. This is precisely the service that export promotion organizations provide. But, there is little evidence on how well these organizations perform this task. Export promotion is costly, and the resources used might be better employed elsewhere. In order to ascertain that these resources are, in fact, being well invested, it must be first determined whether the policy initiatives they finance have an impact on those variables that are supposed to affect, in this case, exports. Making this determination is the aim of this report. This study first makes a comprehensive analysis of export promotion organizations in some three dozens of countries and regions; and second, it provides robust evaluations, using state-of-the-art econometrics and original data sets purposely compiled, of the impacts that policies have had on export outcomes of countries and firms. Findings reported in this study suggest that trade promotion has been effective in facilitating export expansion, especially along the extensive margin. At the same time, the report points the need for further research to gain deeper insights into its relative merits.
