Program review report of the Board of Scientific Counselors endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) research program PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428904646
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428904646
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Endocrine disrupting chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health risk assessment
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental health
Languages : en
Pages : 676
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309297575
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Potential health effects from chemicals that disrupt endocrine function pose an environmental health concern because of their ability to interfere with normal hormone function in human and wildlife populations. The endocrine system regulates biological processes throughout the body and is sensitive to small changes in hormone concentrations. Endocrine-disruptor research has focused primarily on chemicals that affect three hormone pathways that play important roles in reproduction and development - the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid hormone pathways. Some of this research has identified dose-response relationships that have nonmonotonic curves. Nonmonotonic dose-response curves (NMDRs) are of concern because they do not follow the usual assumption made in toxicology that as dose decreases the response also decreases. The existence of NMDRs has been a controversial topic for decades, and there has been considerable debate about their implications for how chemicals are tested and for how risks from such chemicals are assessed. Toxicity tests are designed to identify hazards and to characterize dose-response relationships, so tests are aimed at finding a (high) dose that elicits a response, and dose-response is explored by testing lower doses spaced to identify statistically a no- or lowest-observed-adverse-effect level. The concern for NMDRs is that such studies, as currently designed, might not detect the inflection of the dose-response curve if only a few doses are tested or if the change in inflection occurs below the range of doses tested. Another concern is that some NMDRs are found for biological effects that are not usually evaluated in toxicity tests. If current testing strategies are inadequate to account for NMDRs, changes to risk assessment practices might be necessary. To help address these issues, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed a draft State-of-the-Science Evaluation: Nonmonotonic Dose Responses as they Apply to Estrogen, Androgen, and Thyroid Pathways and EPA Testing and Assessment Procedures. EPA asked the National Research Council to conduct an independent review of this evaluation to ensure that it is scientifically sound and of high quality. Review of Environmental Protection Agency's State-of-the-Science Evaluation of Nonmonotonic Dose-Response as they Apply to Endocrine Disrupters evaluates whether EPA's evaluation presents a scientifically sound and high-quality analysis of the literature on NMDRs. This report reviews how well the EPA evaluation described how the assessment was performed, whether consistent methods and criteria were applied in the analysis of different evidence streams, and whether appropriate methods were applied to evaluating the evidence. The report makes recommendations to improve EPA's process and strengthen the evaluation.
Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Board of Scientific Counselors
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health risk assessment
Languages : en
Pages : 51
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1448
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Author: National Toxicology Program (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Toxicology
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Support might be found for the hypothesis that chemicals in the environment are disrupting human endocrine systems in the apparent increases in rates of certain cancers, reported declines in sperm counts, and reported scientific evidence of increasing rates of some birth defects, thyroid disorders, attention deficit disorder, premature births, and premature puberty. [...] Scientific reports of reproductive failure among migratory birds exposed to DDT during the 1950s provided some of the earliest evidence that chemical pollutants in the environment might affect hormone-mediated processes in wildlife.1 In 1996, several scientists brought the endocrine disruptor hypothesis to public attention with the release of a book, Our Stolen Future.2 In the [...] In 2004 and 2005, the EDSP was reviewed and evaluated at EPA's request by the independent Board of Scientific Counselors (BOSC) for EPA's Office of Research and Development. [...] A subcommittee of the BOSC prepared a final report, which is summarized in a peer-reviewed publication15 and posted on the BOSC website.16 The BOSC subcommittee concluded that the goals and science questions of the endocrine disruptor screening program were appropriate, and EPA's progress on implementing the program was good, although challenges remained. [...] One year later, some Members of that committee sent a letter to EPA Administrator Stephen L. Johnson asking him how EPA might speed up the process of screening chemicals for endocrine effects, to provide a timetable for EDSP implementation, and for explanations in response to specific questions about the process and substance of the program as designed.29 EPA's responses are posted on the Committe.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Endocrine disrupting chemicals in water
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
