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Author: Keren Censor Hillel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Author: Keren Censor Hillel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Author: Hans A. Hansson
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Electronic data processing
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
Due to the current economic climate, many, if not all, industries depend upon computer systems for their product, design and manufacturing processes and for routine business functions. Although the use of such systems brings many advantages, the consequences of failure (including physical failure of computer systems, software design faults and human error) can involve both loss of life and environmental damage. safeguards and subsequent accountability. Research funds are accordingly being generated by governments and leading industries, affording the development of safety-critical systems by multi-disciplinary teams of mechanical, structural, electronic and software engineers and, where appropriate, psychologists, sociologists and economists. A new book series Real-Time Safety Critical Systems has been launched as a forum to enable all relevant researchers and developers (from industry and academia world-wide) to report their findings in the field. This publication is the first in the series and concentrates on presenting a framework for specification and analysis of real-time and reliability in distributed systems. The framework consists of a language for modelling the behaviour of distributed systems, a logic for formulating system properties, and an algorithm for verifying that descriptions in the language satisfy formulas expressed in the logic. is also accessible to readers with only a basic knowledge of formal modelling. Indeed, as Willem-Paul de Roever says in his introduction to the publication, it ... constitutes an indispensable link in the education of our next generation of researchers ... [and] ... gives a clear and scientifically responsible description how real-time and probability can be added to process algebra, how to extend Emerson and Clarke's branching time temporal logic to these new features, and how to verify the properties thus expressed by an appropriate tool
Author: Michael Mitzenmacher
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521835404
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
Randomization and probabilistic techniques play an important role in modern computer science, with applications ranging from combinatorial optimization and machine learning to communication networks and secure protocols. This 2005 textbook is designed to accompany a one- or two-semester course for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students in computer science and applied mathematics. It gives an excellent introduction to the probabilistic techniques and paradigms used in the development of probabilistic algorithms and analyses. It assumes only an elementary background in discrete mathematics and gives a rigorous yet accessible treatment of the material, with numerous examples and applications. The first half of the book covers core material, including random sampling, expectations, Markov's inequality, Chevyshev's inequality, Chernoff bounds, the probabilistic method and Markov chains. The second half covers more advanced topics such as continuous probability, applications of limited independence, entropy, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and balanced allocations. With its comprehensive selection of topics, along with many examples and exercises, this book is an indispensable teaching tool.
Author: Noga Alon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119062071
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Praise for the Third Edition “Researchers of any kind of extremal combinatorics or theoretical computer science will welcome the new edition of this book.” - MAA Reviews Maintaining a standard of excellence that establishes The Probabilistic Method as the leading reference on probabilistic methods in combinatorics, the Fourth Edition continues to feature a clear writing style, illustrative examples, and illuminating exercises. The new edition includes numerous updates to reflect the most recent developments and advances in discrete mathematics and the connections to other areas in mathematics, theoretical computer science, and statistical physics. Emphasizing the methodology and techniques that enable problem-solving, The Probabilistic Method, Fourth Edition begins with a description of tools applied to probabilistic arguments, including basic techniques that use expectation and variance as well as the more advanced applications of martingales and correlation inequalities. The authors explore where probabilistic techniques have been applied successfully and also examine topical coverage such as discrepancy and random graphs, circuit complexity, computational geometry, and derandomization of randomized algorithms. Written by two well-known authorities in the field, the Fourth Edition features: Additional exercises throughout with hints and solutions to select problems in an appendix to help readers obtain a deeper understanding of the best methods and techniques New coverage on topics such as the Local Lemma, Six Standard Deviations result in Discrepancy Theory, Property B, and graph limits Updated sections to reflect major developments on the newest topics, discussions of the hypergraph container method, and many new references and improved results The Probabilistic Method, Fourth Edition is an ideal textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level students majoring in mathematics, computer science, operations research, and statistics. The Fourth Edition is also an excellent reference for researchers and combinatorists who use probabilistic methods, discrete mathematics, and number theory. Noga Alon, PhD, is Baumritter Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at Tel Aviv University. He is a member of the Israel National Academy of Sciences and Academia Europaea. A coeditor of the journal Random Structures and Algorithms, Dr. Alon is the recipient of the Polya Prize, The Gödel Prize, The Israel Prize, and the EMET Prize. Joel H. Spencer, PhD, is Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Courant Institute of New York University. He is the cofounder and coeditor of the journal Random Structures and Algorithms and is a Sloane Foundation Fellow. Dr. Spencer has written more than 200 published articles and is the coauthor of Ramsey Theory, Second Edition, also published by Wiley.
Author: Holger Hermanns
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540456058
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
This volume contains the proceedings of the second joint PAPM-PROBMIV Workshop, held at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, July 25–26, 2002 as part of the Federated Logic Conference (FLoC 2002). The PAPM-PROBMIV workshop results from the combination of two wo- shops: PAPM (Process Algebras and Performance Modeling) and PROBMIV (Probabilistic Methods in Veri?cation). The aim of the joint workshop is to bring together the researchers working across the whole spectrum of techniques for the modeling, speci?cation, analysis, and veri?cation of probabilistic systems. Probability is widely used in the design and analysis of software and hardware systems, as a means to derive e?cient algorithms (e.g. randomization), as a model for unreliable or unpredictable behavior (as in the study of fault-tolerant systems and computer networks), and as a tool to study performance and - pendability properties. The topics of the workshop include speci?cation, m- els, and semantics of probabilistic systems, analysis and veri?cation techniques, probabilistic methods for the veri?cation of non-probabilistic systems, and tools and case studies. The ?rst PAPM workshop was held in Edinburgh in 1993; the following ones were held in Regensberg (1994), Edinburgh (1995), Turin (1996), Enschede (1997), Nice (1998), Zaragoza (1999), and Geneva (2000). The ?rst PROBMIV workshop was held in Indianapolis, Indiana (1998); the next one took place in Eindhoven (1999). In 2000, PROBMIV was replaced by a Dagstuhl seminar on Probabilistic Methods in Veri?cation.
Author: Bernhard Haeupler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Book Description
The ever-increasing growth of modern networks comes with a paradigm shift in network operation. Networks can no longer be abstracted as deterministic, centrally controlled systems with static topologies but need to be understood as highly distributed, dynamic systems with inherent unreliabilities. This makes many communication, coordination and computation tasks challenging and in many scenarios communication becomes a crucial bottleneck. In this thesis, we develop new algorithms and techniques to address these challenges. In particular we concentrate on broadcast and information dissemination tasks and introduce novel ideas on how randomization can lead to powerful, simple and practical communication primitives suitable for these modern networks. In this endeavor we combine and further develop tools from different disciplines trying to simultaneously addresses the distributed, information theoretic and algorithmic aspects of network communication. The two main probabilistic techniques developed to disseminate information in a network are gossip and random linear network coding. Gossip is an alternative to classical flooding approaches: Instead of nodes repeatedly forwarding information to all their neighbors, gossiping nodes forward information only to a small number of (random) neighbors. We show that, when done right, gossip disperses information almost as quickly as flooding, albeit with a drastically reduced communication overhead. Random linear network coding (RLNC) applies when a large amount of information or many messages are to be disseminated. Instead of routing messages through intermediate nodes, that is, following a classical store-and-forward approach, RLNC mixes messages together by forwarding random linear combinations of messages. The simplicity and topology-obliviousness of this approach makes RLNC particularly interesting for the distributed settings considered in this thesis. Unfortunately the performance of RLNC was not well understood even for the simplest such settings. We introduce a simple yet powerful analysis technique that allows us to prove optimal performance guarantees for all settings considered in the literature and many more that were not analyzable so far. Specifically, we give many new results for RLNC gossip algorithms, RLNC algorithms for dynamic networks, and RLNC with correlated data. We also provide a novel highly efficient distributed implementation of RLNC that achieves these performance guarantees while buffering only a minimal amount of information at intermediate nodes. We then apply our techniques to improve communication primitives in multi-hop radio networks. While radio networks inherently support broadcast communications, e.g., from one node to all surrounding nodes, interference of simultaneous transmissions makes multihop broadcast communication an interesting challenge. We show that, again, randomization holds the key for obtaining simple, efficient and distributed information dissemination protocols. In particular, using random back-off strategies to coordinate access to the shared medium leads to optimal gossip-like communications and applying RLNC achieves the first throughput-optimal multi-message communication primitives. Lastly we apply our probabilistic approach for analyzing simple, distributed propagation protocols in a broader context by studying algorithms for the Lovász Local Lemma. These algorithms find solutions to certain local constraint satisfaction problems by randomly fixing and propagating violations locally. Our two main results show that, firstly, there are also efficient deterministic propagation strategies achieving the same and, secondly, using the random fixing strategy has the advantage of producing not just an arbitrary solution but an approximately uniformly random one. Both results lead to simple, constructions for a many locally consistent structures of interest that were not known to be efficiently constructable before.
Author: Luca de Alfaro
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354042556X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Process Algebra and Performance Modeling and Probabilistic Methods in Verification, PAPM-PROBMIV 2001, held in Aachen, Germany in September 2001. The 12 revised full papers presented together with one invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. Among the topics addressed are model representation, model checking, probabilistic systems analysis, refinement, Markov chains, random variables, stochastic timed systems, Max-Plus algebra, process algebra, system modeling, and the Mobius modeling framework.
Author: Annabelle McIver
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 038727006X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 394
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Book Description
Illustrates by example the typical steps necessary in computer science to build a mathematical model of any programming paradigm . Presents results of a large and integrated body of research in the area of 'quantitative' program logics.
Author: Dario Bruneo
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119131138
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
Distributed systems employed in critical infrastructures must fulfill dependability, timeliness, and performance specifications. Since these systems most often operate in an unpredictable environment, their design and maintenance require quantitative evaluation of deterministic and probabilistic timed models. This need gave birth to an abundant literature devoted to formal modeling languages combined with analytical and simulative solution techniques The aim of the book is to provide an overview of techniques and methodologies dealing with such specific issues in the context of distributed systems and covering aspects such as performance evaluation, reliability/availability, energy efficiency, scalability, and sustainability. Specifically, techniques for checking and verifying if and how a distributed system satisfies the requirements, as well as how to properly evaluate non-functional aspects, or how to optimize the overall behavior of the system, are all discussed in the book. The scope has been selected to provide a thorough coverage on issues, models. and techniques relating to validation, evaluation and optimization of distributed systems. The key objective of this book is to help to bridge the gaps between modeling theory and the practice in distributed systems through specific examples.
Author: Michael Mitzenmacher
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139643789
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
Randomization and probabilistic techniques play an important role in modern computer science, with applications ranging from combinatorial optimization and machine learning to communication networks and secure protocols. This 2005 textbook is designed to accompany a one- or two-semester course for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students in computer science and applied mathematics. It gives an excellent introduction to the probabilistic techniques and paradigms used in the development of probabilistic algorithms and analyses. It assumes only an elementary background in discrete mathematics and gives a rigorous yet accessible treatment of the material, with numerous examples and applications. The first half of the book covers core material, including random sampling, expectations, Markov's inequality, Chevyshev's inequality, Chernoff bounds, the probabilistic method and Markov chains. The second half covers more advanced topics such as continuous probability, applications of limited independence, entropy, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and balanced allocations. With its comprehensive selection of topics, along with many examples and exercises, this book is an indispensable teaching tool.
