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Author: Stephen C. Levinson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262621304
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
This is the first extended discussion of preferred interpretation in language understanding, integrating much of the best research in linguistic pragmatics from the last two decades. When we speak, we mean more than we say. In this book Stephen C. Levinson explains some general processes that underlie presumptions in communication. This is the first extended discussion of preferred interpretation in language understanding, integrating much of the best research in linguistic pragmatics from the last two decades. Levinson outlines a theory of presumptive meanings, or preferred interpretations, governing the use of language, building on the idea of implicature developed by the philosopher H.P. Grice. Some of the indirect information carried by speech is presumed by default because it is carried by general principles, rather than inferred from specific assumptions about intention and context. Levinson examines this class of general pragmatic inferences in detail, showing how they apply to a wide range of linguistic constructions. This approach has radical consequences for how we think about language and communication.
Author: Stephen C. Levinson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262621304
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 516
Get Book Here
Book Description
This is the first extended discussion of preferred interpretation in language understanding, integrating much of the best research in linguistic pragmatics from the last two decades. When we speak, we mean more than we say. In this book Stephen C. Levinson explains some general processes that underlie presumptions in communication. This is the first extended discussion of preferred interpretation in language understanding, integrating much of the best research in linguistic pragmatics from the last two decades. Levinson outlines a theory of presumptive meanings, or preferred interpretations, governing the use of language, building on the idea of implicature developed by the philosopher H.P. Grice. Some of the indirect information carried by speech is presumed by default because it is carried by general principles, rather than inferred from specific assumptions about intention and context. Levinson examines this class of general pragmatic inferences in detail, showing how they apply to a wide range of linguistic constructions. This approach has radical consequences for how we think about language and communication.
Author: Leo Frishberg
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 0128030879
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
Everything you know about the future is wrong. Presumptive Design: Design Provocations for Innovation is for people "inventing the future: future products, services, companies, strategies and policies. It introduces a design-research method that shortens time to insights from months to days. Presumptive Design is a fundamentally agile approach to identifying your audiences' key needs. Offering rapidly crafted artifacts, your teams collaborate with your customers to identify preferred and profitable elements of your desired outcome. Presumptive Design focuses on your users' problem space, informing your business strategy, your project's early stage definition, and your innovation pipeline. Comprising discussions of design theory with case studies and how-to's, the book offers business leadership, management and innovators the benefits of design thinking and user experience in the context of early stage problem definition. Presumptive Design is an advanced technique and quick to use: within days of reading this book, your research and design teams can apply the approach to capture a risk-reduced view of your future. - Provides actionable approaches to inform strategy and problem definition through design thinking - Offers a design-based research method to complement existing market, ethnographic and customer research methods - Demonstrates a powerful technique for identifying disruptive innovation early in the innovation pipeline by putting customers first - Presents each concept with case studies and exploration of risk factors involved including warnings for situations in which the technique can be misapplied
Author: Marta Dynel
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1443812285
Category : Humor
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
Surprising as it may seem, sometimes humans like being led up the garden path, which is thanks to the pleasurable feeling of surprise entwined with a humorous effect deception tends to afford. The central issue under investigation is the nature of short humorous texts in the form of one-liners and witticisms based on the “garden-path mechanism”. The monograph provides a survey of relevant linguistic research, recapitulating and assessing other authors’ theses in the context of their applicability in the analysis of garden-path humour. Discussions are conducted in the light of not only humour studies but also cognitive and pragmatic literature on human communication in general, with a view to presenting a meticulous description of short garden-path texts. The book should be of interest to anybody who finds humour research appealing, whether or not already familiar with this field. No background knowledge is necessary on the reader’s part, given that all relevant postulates and theories are revisited. Also, the author steers a clear course through many terminological and conceptual obstacles that can be encountered in the study of humour (e.g. verbal/non-verbal humour, ambiguity types, punning, etc.).
Author: Richard Breheny
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230282113
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
The anthology 'Meaning and Analysis' addresses the key topics of H. Paul Grice's philosophy of language, such as rationality, non-natural meaning, communicative actions, conversational implicatures, the semantics-pragmatics distinction and recent debates concerning minimalist versus contextualist semantics.
Author: James Paul Gee
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351580876
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Introducing Discourse Analysis: From Grammar to Society is a concise and accessible introduction by bestselling author, James Paul Gee, to the fundamental ideas behind different specific approaches to discourse analysis, or the analysis of language in use. The book stresses how grammar sets up choices for speakers and writers to make, choices which express, not unvarnished truth, but perspectives or viewpoints on reality. In turn, these perspectives are the material from which social interactions, social relations, identity, and politics make and remake society and culture. The book also offers an approach to how discourse analysis can contribute to lessening the ideological divides and echo chambers that so bedevil our world today. Organized in a user-friendly way with short numbered sections and recommended readings, Introducing Discourse Analysis is an essential primer for all students of discourse analysis within linguistics, education, communication studies, and related areas.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1346
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Book Description
Author: Deirdre Wilson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 052176677X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
When people speak, their words never fully encode what they mean, and the context is always compatible with a variety of interpretations. How can comprehension ever be achieved? Wilson and Sperber argue that comprehension is a process of inference guided by precise expectations of relevance. What are the relations between the linguistically encoded meanings studied in semantics and the thoughts that humans are capable of entertaining and conveying? How should we analyse literal meaning, approximations, metaphors and ironies? Is the ability to understand speakers' meanings rooted in a more general human ability to understand other minds? How do these abilities interact in evolution and in cognitive development? Meaning and Relevance sets out to answer these and other questions, enriching and updating relevance theory and exploring its implications for linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and literary studies.
Author: Javier Valenzuela
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107096375
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
A lively, up-to-date and compact introduction to semantics, accessible to those with no prior knowledge of linguistics.
Author: Paul Saka
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402058578
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
According to truth-conditional semantics, to explain the meaning of a statement is to specify the conditions necessary and sufficient for its truth. This book develops a more radical mentalist semantics by shifting the object of semantic inquiry. Classical semantics analyzes an abstract sentence or utterance such as "Grass is green"; in attitudinal semantics the object of inquiry is a propositional attitude such as "Speaker so-and-so thinks grass is green".
Author: Maria Aloni
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642314821
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
This book contains the revised papers presented at the 8th Amsterdam Colloquium 2011, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in December 2011. The 46 thoroughly refereed and revised contributions out of 137 submissions presented together with 2 invited talks are organized in five sections. The first section contains the invited contributions. The second, third and fourth sections incorporate submitted contributions to the three thematic workshops that were hosted by the Colloquium and addressed the following topics: inquisitiveness; formal semantics and pragmatics of sign languages, formal semantic evidence. The final section presents the submitted contributions to the general program.
