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Author: International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498332862
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
This paper compares experience under precautionary and non-precautionary programs over the period 1992-2005, with a view to answering two questions: Are there systematic differences between precautionary and non-precautionary programs in terms of policies, conditionality, or macroeconomic outcomes? And, if so, are these attributable to the nature of the arrangement or to the economic problems facing the member and the circumstances that led it to seek the Fund’s support? The paper finds that countries with weak initial macroeconomic performance tend to request drawing programs whereas those with stronger macroeconomic fundamentals, but facing economic uncertainties, favor precautionary programs. While significant differences exist in the behavior of key macroeconomic variables (output growth and inflation) at the outset of the programs, these differences tend to disappear over the following two to three years, and can be largely explained by the different initial conditions facing the member.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498332862
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 37
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Book Description
This paper compares experience under precautionary and non-precautionary programs over the period 1992-2005, with a view to answering two questions: Are there systematic differences between precautionary and non-precautionary programs in terms of policies, conditionality, or macroeconomic outcomes? And, if so, are these attributable to the nature of the arrangement or to the economic problems facing the member and the circumstances that led it to seek the Fund’s support? The paper finds that countries with weak initial macroeconomic performance tend to request drawing programs whereas those with stronger macroeconomic fundamentals, but facing economic uncertainties, favor precautionary programs. While significant differences exist in the behavior of key macroeconomic variables (output growth and inflation) at the outset of the programs, these differences tend to disappear over the following two to three years, and can be largely explained by the different initial conditions facing the member.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498329411
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
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Author: International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
This note aims to provide guidance on the key principles and considerations underlying the design of Fund-supported programs. The note expands on the previous operational guidance notes on conditionality published over 2003-2014, incorporating lessons from the 2018-19 Review of Conditionality, and other recent key policy developments including the recommendation of the Management’s Implementation Plan in response to Independent Evaluation Office (IEO)’s report on growth and adjustment in IMF-supported programs. The note in particular highlights operational advice to (i) improve the realism of macroeconomic forecast in programs and fostering a more systematic analysis of contingency plans and risks; (ii) improve the focus, depth, implementation, and tailoring of structural conditions (SCs), with due consideration of growth effects; and (iii) help strengthen the ownership of country authorities. Designed as a comprehensive reference and primer on program design and conditionality in an accessible and transparent manner, the note refers in summary to a broad range of economic and policy considerations over the lifecycle of Fund-supported programs. As with all guidance notes, the relevant IMF Executive Board Decisions remain the primary legal authority on matters covered in this note.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498333788
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
This paper focuses on a specific set of issues -- qualification criteria, monitoring structure, access levels and terms, links to other Fund facilities, and links to the private sector. This paper is a complement and follow-up to an earlier paper, which itself considered the broader issues involved in creating a new instrument. The paper does not put forward a concrete proposal to Directors, but seeks to achieve a further convergence of views on these key issues.
Author:
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 113627006X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 619
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Book Description
Author: Phil Hughes
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000486249
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 597
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Book Description
International Health and Safety at Work has been specially written in simple English for the thousands of students who complete the NEBOSH International General Certificate in Health and Safety each year. Fully revised in alignment with the 2019 syllabus, this fourth edition provides students with all they need to tackle the course with confidence. Clear, easily accessible information is presented in full colour, with discussion of essential principles such as ILO and OSH conventions as well as legal frameworks from a range of countries. The book features practice questions and answers to test knowledge and increase understanding. International Health and Safety at Work remains the most effective tool for those working to fit international health and safety standards to local needs and practice.
Author: Phil Hughes MBE
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317935098
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 676
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Book Description
Introduction to Health and Safety at Work covers the fundamentals of occupational safety and health for the thousands of students who complete the NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety each year. Fully revised in alignment with the April 2015 syllabus, this sixth edition provides students with all they need to tackle the course with confidence. The highly illustrated content covers all of the essential elements of health and safety management, the legal framework, risk assessment and control standards and also includes checklists, report forms and record sheets to supplement learning. Aligned to the NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety Practice questions and answers to test knowledge and increase understanding Complete with a companion website containing extra resources for tutors and students at www.routledge.com/cw/hughes Written by renowned authors, the Introduction to Health and Safety at Work is also a handy reference for managers and directors dealing with the day-to-day issues of health and safety and is of great value to those studying for level 3 N/SVQ and the NEBOSH National Diploma.
Author: Phil Hughes
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136270051
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1290
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Book Description
Learn more about health and safety with this NEBOSH-endorsed textbook, written and designed specifically to help you pass your course. Matched to the NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety Practice NEBOSH questions and sample answers based on recent examinations at the end of each chapter allow you to test your knowledge and increase your understanding All relevant legislation is summarised for quick reference Introduction to Health and Safety at Work, 5th edition covers the basics of occupational safety and health. The book is the definitive handbook to the National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety from NEBOSH with each element of the syllabus explained in detail. To make studying easier, each chapter starts with learning outcomes and ends with questions taken from recent NEBOSH examinations. Specimen answers and a study skills chapter aid exam preparation. It is highly illustrated with over 60 new diagrams and photographs in full colour making learning easy for all. There is a companion website with editable training slides and illustrations to help tutors deliver health and safety courses. This book is a handy reference for managers and directors dealing with the day-to-day issues of health and safety and is also of great value to those studying for level 3 N/SVQ and the IOSH Managing Safely Award. It covers all the essential elements of health and safety management, the legal framework, risk assessment and control standards and includes checklists, report forms and record sheets. In addition, useful topics outside the syllabus have been included and an additional chapter to cover other aspects of health and safety and related topics that many readers will find helpful on completion of the course – construction activities, environmental considerations and international issues New in this edition: Fully restructured in line with new 2010 NEBOSH syllabus Inclusion of a summary of the Report on Health and Safety ‘Common Sense Common Safety’ by Lord Young Gives particular regard to changes in legislation relating to the Site Waste Management Plans Regulations, the Control of Artificial Radiation at Work Regulations, Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations (CHIP4) and the European Classification, Packaging and labelling regulations A chapter with guidance on searching the internet with a range of significant Occupational health and Safety Websites. There are dozens of internet references throughout the book Since the Practical Application NGC3 has been significantly revised, Chapter 20 includes a sample practical application based on the new scope and format Phil Hughes MBE, MSc, CFIOSH, is a former Chairman of NEBOSH (1995-2001), former President of IOSH (1990-1991) and runs his own consultancy. He received an MBE for services to health & safety and as a director of RoSPA, in the New Years Honours List 2005. Ed Ferrett PhD, BSc (Hons Eng), CEng, MIMechE, MIET, CMIOSH, is a former Vice Chairman of NEBOSH (1999-2008) and a lecturer on NEBOSH courses at Cornwall Business School of Cornwall College. He is a Chartered Engineer and a health and safety consultant.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498346162
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
liquidity in the face of increased vulnerabilities calls for enhancing the liquidity support provided through the global financial safety net (GFSN). The global economy is experiencing a period of protracted uncertainty, marked by frequent episodes of volatility. Demand for liquidity has intensified, in particular from emerging markets, which are experiencing a build-up of vulnerabilities and the depletion of their fiscal buffers. The enhanced GFSN meets only partially this higher demand for liquidity. The IMFC and G20 have called on the Fund to further strengthen the safety net. The uneven use of the Fund’s toolkit for crisis prevention suggests the need to reconsider its design. Despite a major overhaul of the Fund’s lending instruments available for precautionary financing, only a modest number of countries have used them. In particular, the lack of access to a liquidity backstop for members with strong policies—similar to the standing bilateral swap arrangements (BSAs) among central banks—limits the availability of Fund support over the whole duration of the shock during protracted periods of global uncertainty. Moreover, the need to resort to Fund financing still carries a high political cost (stigma) for some members. To enhance further the Fund’s toolkit for crisis prevention, consideration could be given to revisiting the existing toolkit and introducing new instruments. The toolkit could thus be enhanced by: establishing a new facility for precautionary financing that would provide a "standing" liquidity backstop to members with strong fundamentals and policies for use when hit by liquidity shocks; and adjusting the existing toolkit to maintain cohesion. Any change to the Fund toolkit would need to take into account the tradeoffs between reducing stigma and containing moral hazard, while simultaneously safeguarding Fund resources. A Fund policy monitoring instrument could improve the cohesion of the global safety net. As the GFSN has expanded and become more multi-layered, there is a need to improve cooperation across the different layers to unlock financing and signal commitment to reforms. Creating a policy monitoring instrument that is available to all Fund members could help in this regard. Next steps . In light of Directors’ views on these points, staff could come back with subsequent papers that lay out specific and detailed proposals for reforming the lending toolkit. While these papers focus on the GRA lending toolkit, a separate forthcoming paper will assess some aspects of the concessional lending toolkit.
Author: Phil Hughes
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1856175219
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 617
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Book Description
Highly illustrated and easy to read, this text covers the specific challenges faced by the construction industry as well as the basics of occupational safety and health in general. It includes checklists, report forms, and record sheets.
