Author: Jan Brülle
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3658208929
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
Jan Brülle shows how poverty risks in Germany between 1992 and 2012 increased concentrated on those with low educational levels, in lower occupational positions, and with precarious employment careers, as the country’s welfare state failed to adapt to widening inequalities in households’ market incomes. Contrasting the German experience with Great Britain, where social transfers to low-income families in concert with favourable labour market conditions helped to reduce poverty between 1992 and the global financial crisis, he presents the most comprehensive comparative study on poverty trends in these two countries to date. Moving beyond a cross-sectional perspective on poverty, the author analyses why it became not only more frequent in Germany, but also more persistent in individual life-courses, and why faster exits have driven the decline in poverty in Great Britain.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Poverty
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Robert G. Valletta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Comparative analysis of poverty dynamics - transitions and persistence - can yield important insights about the nature of poverty and the effectiveness of alternative policy responses. This manuscript compares poverty dynamics in four advanced industrial countries (Canada, unified Germany, Great Britain, and the United States) for overlapping six-year periods in the 1990s, focusing on the impact of government policies. The data indicate that relative to measured cross-sectional poverty rates, poverty persistence is higher in North America than in Europe. Most poverty transitions, and the prevalence of chronic poverty, are associated with employment instability and family dissolution in all four countries. However, government tax-and-transfer policies are more effective at reducing poverty persistence in Europe than in North America.
Author: Birgit Mattil
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3790816760
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Recently, policy debate and comparative research on old-age pensions have focused on the financial sustainability of pension systems in the face of demographic change. This study, however, also takes into account distributional effects involved in pension system structures. Theoretical, institutional and empirical analyses are combined to form a comprehensive framework for evaluating financial sustainability and distributional effects of the pension systems implemented in Germany and the United Kingdom. Along with projections of demographic trends and future public pension expenditure, the empirical results on old-age incomes and their distribution allow for identifying a number of reform options for each pension system to improve their financial or distributional results.
Author: Carlotta Giustozzi
Publisher: Verlag Barbara Budrich
ISBN: 396665931X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Das Buch untersucht die sozialen Folgen von Arbeitsmarktmarginaliserung für nahe soziale Beziehungen und gesellschaftliche Partizipation in Deutschland. Dabei zeigen Mehrebenenmodelle und Längsschnittanalysen, die individuelle, haushaltsbezogene und regionale sozio-ökonomische Faktoren analysieren, dass finanzielle Schwierigkeiten nur marginal soziale Exklusion erklären können. Vielmehr sind soziale Rollen, Normen und Identität ausschlaggebend für eine Arbeitsmarktmarginalisierung.
Author: Peter Filzmoser
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030711757
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
This book presents modern methods and real-world applications of compositional data analysis. It covers a wide variety of topics, ranging from an updated presentation of basic concepts and ideas in compositional data analysis to recent advances in the context of complex data structures. Further, it illustrates real-world applications in numerous scientific disciplines and includes references to the latest software solutions available for compositional data analysis, thus providing a valuable and up-to-date guide for researchers and practitioners working with compositional data. Featuring selected contributions by leading experts in the field, the book is dedicated to Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn on the occasion of her 70th birthday.
Author: Patrick Emmenegger
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199797978
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Poverty, increased inequality, and social exclusion are back on the political agenda, not only as a consequence of the Great Recession of 2008, but also because of a seemingly structural trend towards increased inequality in advanced industrial societies that has persisted since the 1970s. Policies in labor markets, social policy, and political representation are strongly linked in the creation, widening, and deepening of insider-outsider divides--a process known as dualization. While it is certainly not the only driver of increasing inequality, its development across multiple domains makes dualization one of the most important current trends affecting developed societies. The comparative perspective of this book provides insights into why Nordic countries witness lower levels of insider-outsider divides, whereas in continental, liberal and southern welfare states, they are more likely to constitute a core characteristic of the political economy. Most importantly, the comparisons presented in this book point to the crucial importance of politics and political choice in driving and shaping the social outcomes of deindustrialization. While increased structural labor market divides can be found across all countries, governments have a strong responsibility in shaping the distributive consequences of these labor market changes. Insider-outsider divides are ultimately the result of political choice. A landmark publication, this volume is geared for faculty and graduate students of economics, political science, social policy, and sociology, as well as policymakers concerned with increasing inequality in a period of deep economic and social crisis.
Author: C. Michael Henry
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 030012984X
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 806
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Book Description
div What explains the continuing hardship of so many black Americans? A distinguished group of scholars analyzes the long, complex structural and environmental causes of discrimination and their effects on African-Americans. The authors examine the impact of poverty, poor health, poor schools, poor housing, poor neighborhoods, and few job opportunities—and demonstrate how multiple causes reinforce each other and condemn African-Americans to positions of inferiority and poverty. Some of the contributors examine policies designed to correct problems, while others look at the changing racial and ethnic composition in America and its implications for African-Americans, as other minorities surpass them in numbers and claim political, economic, and social attention. The late James Tobin has contributed a foreword to this important collection. /DIV
Author: Bruce Bradbury
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521004923
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
A child poverty rate of ten percent could mean that every tenth child is always poor, or that all children are in poverty for one month in every ten. Knowing where reality lies between these extremes is vital to understanding the problem facing many countries of poverty among the young. This unique study goes beyond the standard analysis of child poverty based on poverty rates at one point in time and documents how much movement into and out of poverty by children there actually is, covering a range of industrialised countries - the USA, UK, Germany, Ireland, Spain, Hungary and Russia. Five main topics are addressed: conceptual and measurement issues associated with a dynamic view of child poverty; cross-national comparisons of child poverty rates and trends; cross-national comparisons of children's movements into and out of poverty; country-specific studies of child poverty dynamics; and the policy implications of taking a dynamic perspective.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 926419312X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Provides an annual assessment of labour market developments and prospects in the OECD area. This edition includes chapters on poverty dynamics, service sector jobs, the work-family balance, and foreign workers. A Statistical Annex is provided.
