Author: Michael S. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body temperature
Languages : en
Pages : 220

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: K. B. Pandolf
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28

Get Book Here

Book Description
The responses of men to changes in environmental temperature have provided a basis for the understanding of human heat tolerance and thermoregulation. There appears to be less certainty about the thermoregulatory patterns of women. Physiological responses to heat stress may differ between genders due to several factors which include the lower cardiorespiratory fitness, higher body fat content, lower body weight, and lower skin surface area and higher surface area-to-mass ratio of women compared to men. In addition, fluctuating horminal levels of estrogen and progesterone accompanying the menstrual cycle may influence women's tolerance to heat stress. Since the US Army is currently composed of greater than 10% females, it has become necessary to examine heat responses of females to exercise-heat stress and heat acclimation. Our Institute has conducted experiments comparing men and women for exercise-heat tolerance and acclimation over a wide range of environmental conditions. Originator-supplied keywords include: gender related differences; heat acclimation; heat balance and transfer; hypohydration; physiological responses; prolonged heat exposure.

Author: Committee on Military Nutrition Research
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309556775
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 585

Get Book Here

Book Description
This book reviews the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments and states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether, aside from increased energy demands, cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients, and whether performance in cold or high-altitude environments can be enhanced by the provision of increased amounts of specific nutrients.

Author: B. A. Avellini
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30

Get Book Here

Book Description
Four men and four women with comparable maximal aerobic capacities and equal surface areas and surface area to mass ratios underwent a three hour heat stress test before and after a 10 day acclimation to humid heat. Women were tested during both pre- and post-ovulation (pre-OV, post-OV). Prior to acclimation, pre-OV women exhibited the longest tolerance times and lowest rectal temperature (TRE) and heart rates (HR) throughout testing. Men secreted considerably more sweat per unit area than did women in either phase of the cycle, yet they demonstrated shorter tolerance times and higher body temperatures and HR. During post-OV, women reacted similarly to men, although their sweat rates and HR's were significantly lower. Following acclimation, the TRE and HR of the men and women were similar while the discrepancy between the sweat rates was magnified. It was concluded that aerobic capacity is an important factor to be considered when men and women are compared in the heat. When fitness levels are similar, except for sweating, the previously reported sex-related differences in response to heat seem to disappear.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heat
Languages : en
Pages : 46

Get Book Here

Book Description
The major objective of this study was to determine whether sex-related differences in thermoregulation exist; and if so, whether there was any method to define these differences. A major methodological problem of the study was the inability to find groups of males and females matched in all their physical characteristics, namely: body weight, skin surface area, percentage of body fat and cardiorespiratory physical fitness. This problem was partially solved by dividing each sex into two subgroups and matching the subgroups as 'small' males vs. 'big' females, or more fit females vs. less fit males. The sex-related differences concluded from this investigation are summarized in Table 4. In comfortable climatic conditions (20 C, 40% rh) men and women reacted in a physiologically similar fashion. Under wet conditions, whether mild or hot, females tolerated the heat better than males. They displayed lower deep body and skin temperatures, and therefore lower heat storage, while demonstrating lower sweat rates and subsequently less dehydration than males. In contrast, under hot-dry conditions, males seemed to be at a physiological advantage. Compared to females, they showed lower deep body and skin temperatures, lower HR, lower heat storage, and similar sweat rates. (Author).

Author: Julien D. Périard
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319935151
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 294

Get Book Here

Book Description
The book is designed to provide a flowing description of the physiology of heat stress, the illnesses associated with heat exposure, recommendations on optimising health and performance, and an examination of Olympic sports played in potentially hot environmental conditions. In the first section the book examines how heat stress effects performance by outlining the basics of thermoregulation and how these responses impact on cardiovascular, central nervous system, and skeletal muscle function. It also outlines the pathophysiology and treatment of exertional heat illness, as well as the role of hydration status during exercise in the heat. Thereafter, countermeasures (e.g. cooling and heat acclimation) are covered and an explanation as to how they may aid in decreasing the incidence of heat illness and minimise the impairment in performance is provided. A novel and particular feature of the book is its inclusion of sport-specific chapters in which the influence of heat stress on performance and health is described, as well as strategies and policies adopted by the governing bodies in trying to offset the deleterious role of thermal strain. Given the breadth and scope of the sections, the book will be a reference guide for clinicians, practitioners, coaches, athletes, researchers, and students.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22

Get Book Here

Book Description
Researchers generally agree that high aerobic fitness achieved through physical training will reduce the physiological strain to exercise in the heat, but does not replace the benefits of an exercise-heat acclimation program. In addition, high aerobic fitness is hypothesized as a major factor in the small decay and rapid re-acclimation of individuals after they ceased exercising in hot environments. However, recent work from our laboratory suggests that improved aerobic fitness by physical training must be associated with significant elevations in core temperature during the training process in order to improve exercise-heat tolerance. Two recent studies comparing men and women with similar aerobic fitness indicate no major physiological differences between genders in both humid and dry heat for cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses to these environments either before or after acclimation. Our laboratory has reported that after exercise-heat acclimation under wet conditions (mild or hot), females tolerate the heat in a more efficient fashion than males while under hot-dry conditions males seem to be at some physiological advantage. Even fewer studies are reported which evaluate physiological differences in heat tolerance to exercise in relation to age. In general, exercise-heat tolerance is reduced in pre-pubertal children (boys and girls) and older adults (men and women) compared to young men and women. However, aerobically fit older adults seem to have far fewer decrements in the performance of exercise in the heat than less fit older adults.

Author: Lawrence E. Armstrong
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736037716
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 300

Get Book Here

Book Description
The only text to focus exclusively on heat-related illnesses. Full of practical advice for professionals in a variety of medical, academic, & commercial settings. Learn how to identify, treat & prevent exertional heat illnesses & ensure your sporting events are safe.

Author: Richard L. Burse
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: Stephen S. Cheung
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 1492593982
Category : SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 297

Get Book Here

Book Description
"Short, factual description of the book (summary of what it includes, without subjective or promotional language.) This book, for upper undergraduate and graduate students and professionals in the field, is used to provide an overview of how the environment impacts exercise"--