Physical and Chemical Environmental Factors Associated with the Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Cyanobacteria in Lake George, New York PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Physical and Chemical Environmental Factors Associated with the Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Cyanobacteria in Lake George, New York PDF full book. Access full book title Physical and Chemical Environmental Factors Associated with the Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Cyanobacteria in Lake George, New York by . Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cyanobacteria and environmental factors were studied in Lake George, New York from May 1998 to August 1998. Lake George, New York is a (meso) oligotrophic freshwater lake located in the southeast corner of the Adirondack State Park. An island filled channel known as The Narrows separates it into two distinct basins. The water in the lake flows from south to north where it empties into Lake Champlain near Ticonderoga, New York. The lake is dimictic, mixing in the spring and the fall, and stratification of the water column into a distinct epilimnion and hypolimnion occurs each summer. The lake undergoes a clear water phase in late May/early June. The goal of the study was to determine the temporal and spatial development of the cyanobacteria population in the north and south basins of the lake and their association to physical and chemical factors in the water column. Various nitrogen and phosphorus species were measured along with physical factors such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and illumination. These factors were then used to search for trends and associations with cyanobacteria enumerated by epifluorescent microscopy. One morphological genus, Synechococcus, was found to dominate the cyanobacteria population throughout the water column and throughout the period of the study. Abundance of Synechococcus increased after the clear water phase ended, reaching its maximum in both basins in early August. Other general trends showed the greatest initial abundance of Synechococcus at 20 and 25 meters in depth in the late spring and this moved up in the water column to an average of 15 meters after the clear water phase of the lake ended in mid-June. Slight temporal and spatial differences were found between the two sites, however linear regression found no strong associations between Synechococcus and any single chemical or physical factor.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cyanobacteria and environmental factors were studied in Lake George, New York from May 1998 to August 1998. Lake George, New York is a (meso) oligotrophic freshwater lake located in the southeast corner of the Adirondack State Park. An island filled channel known as The Narrows separates it into two distinct basins. The water in the lake flows from south to north where it empties into Lake Champlain near Ticonderoga, New York. The lake is dimictic, mixing in the spring and the fall, and stratification of the water column into a distinct epilimnion and hypolimnion occurs each summer. The lake undergoes a clear water phase in late May/early June. The goal of the study was to determine the temporal and spatial development of the cyanobacteria population in the north and south basins of the lake and their association to physical and chemical factors in the water column. Various nitrogen and phosphorus species were measured along with physical factors such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and illumination. These factors were then used to search for trends and associations with cyanobacteria enumerated by epifluorescent microscopy. One morphological genus, Synechococcus, was found to dominate the cyanobacteria population throughout the water column and throughout the period of the study. Abundance of Synechococcus increased after the clear water phase ended, reaching its maximum in both basins in early August. Other general trends showed the greatest initial abundance of Synechococcus at 20 and 25 meters in depth in the late spring and this moved up in the water column to an average of 15 meters after the clear water phase of the lake ended in mid-June. Slight temporal and spatial differences were found between the two sites, however linear regression found no strong associations between Synechococcus and any single chemical or physical factor.
Author: Lance E. Richardson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental protection
Languages : en
Pages : 750
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Anton F Post
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889193187
Category : Microbiology
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Get Book Here
Book Description
The cyanobacteria inhabit every illuminated environment on Earth, from polar lakes to desert crusts and through their phototrophic metabolism play essential roles in global geochemical cycles. With the discovery of marine Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus almost 30 years ago, cyanobacteria have now earned their place as dominant primary producers contributing over 25 percent of global photosynthesis. Their global abundance is now explained from the coexistence of ecotypes that occupy different niches along spatial and temporal gradients. New ecotypes of Synechococcus have been identified as abundant components of microbial communities in freshwater environments and marginal seas. Extensive comparative genomics of marine and freshwater picocyanobacteria have begun to unmask adaptations to light and nutrient (N, P, Fe) limitation that these diverse environments present. Novel types of cyanobacterial diazotrophy input new N and structure microbial communities in the open sea. Current challenges include the understanding of the interactions between marine cyanobacteria and other microbes in their immediate community. In contrast, mesotrophic and eutrophic environments such as the Laurentian Great Lakes have been increasingly affected by nuisance and toxic cyanobacterial blooms that have yielded severe declines in water quality. Factors promoting bloom formation and the functional roles of toxins are important issues being addressed today.
Author: Elisabeth (Savi) Vardaka
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039435051
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cyanobacterial blooms are a water quality problem that is widely acknowledged to have detrimental ecological and economic effects in drinking and recreational water supplies and fisheries. There is increasing evidence that cyanobacterial blooms have increased globally and are likely to expand in water resources as a result of climate change. Of most concern are cyanotoxins, along with the mechanisms that induce their release and determine their fate in the aquatic environment. These secondary metabolites pose a potential hazard to human health and agricultural and aquaculture products that are intended for animal and human consumption; therefore, strict and reliable control of cyanotoxins is crucial for assessing risk. In this direction, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that determine cyanobacterial bloom structure and toxin production has become the target of management practices. This Special Issue, entitled “Advancing Knowledge on Cyanobacterial Blooms in Freshwaters”, aims to bring together recent multi- and interdisciplinary research, from the field to the laboratory and back again, driven by working hypotheses based on any aspect of mitigating cyanobacterial blooms, from ecological theory to applied research.
Author: Valentina Muñoz Ramos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Missisquoi Bay (MB) is a temperate eutrophic freshwater ecosystem located in an agricultural watershed and it frequently experiences toxic Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms. Cyanobacterial population dynamics are influenced by a plethora of factors that may differ from system to system, requiring a site-specific assessment of bloom-promoting factors to design more effective bloom prevention or remediation strategies. This is the first biomonitoring study that combined data from high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, qPCR and environmental parameters from temporal and spatial samples to identify the main bloom-promoting factors. In addition, high-throughput amplicon sequencing of mitochondrial DNA genes was performed to qualitatively identify potential external sources of nutrients originating from animal excreta. Particular emphasis was placed on 1) determining whether there was a link between nutrients from external sources and cyanobacterial blooms and 2) analyzing in situ the effect of environmental factors (particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations) on the dynamics of cyanobacterial community composition, abundance and toxicity.The concentrations of total P (TP) and total N (TN) in MB in 2009 correlated significantly with the abundance of total cyanobacterial cells, the Microcystis 16S rRNA and mcyD genes and intracellular microcystin. The results suggest that external sources of nutrients, such as surface runoff and animal excreta, played a significant role in the load of nutrients into the bay and thus in the proliferation of toxic cyanobacterial blooms. This was indicated by the detection of non-aquatic mitochondrial DNA hosts in the bay and the relationships between the pattern of surface runoff, nutrient concentrations, E. coli counts and total cyanobacterial abundance. Potential sources of nutrients from non-aquatic animal excreta in the system comprised rodents, birds, cattle and humans, indicating that efforts are required to control pollution from animal excreta in MB. During the growing season, the major cyanobacterial taxa were members of the orders Chroococcales and Nostocales. The genus Microcystis was identified as the main mcyD-carrier and main microcystin producer, hence the most problematic taxon in the cyanobacterial bloom. The correlations observed with environmental parameters suggest that increasing nutrient concentrations and TN:TP (mass) ratios approaching 11:1, coupled with an increase in temperature, promoted Microcystis-dominated toxic cyanobacterial blooms. Although the importance of nutrient ratios and absolute concentrations on cyanobacterial and Microcystis dynamics has been documented, this is the first time that an optimum TN:TP ratio for Microcystis dominance has been observed in the field. This observation provides further support to the theory that nutrient supply ratios are an important determinant of species composition in natural phytoplankton assemblages. Although the validity and prediction potential of this optimum ratio for Microcystis dominance has yet to be verified through longer-term studies, it may provide practical guidelines for nutrient management strategies to avoid the proliferation of this toxin producing cyanobacterial genus in MB. " --
Author: Jef Huisman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402030093
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Get Book Here
Book Description
This outstanding volume provides an up-to-date overview of the advances in our knowledge of harmful cyanobacteria. An essential reference for all scientists and environmental professionals interested in cyanobacterial ecology and water management.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Get Book Here
Book Description
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms threaten freshwaters worldwide. We have learned much about the environmental factors promoting cyanobacterial success: high growth rates in increased water temperatures, predator avoidance, an ability to store nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), positive buoyancy, high affinity for inorganic carbon (C) and efficiency for converting bicarbonate to carbon dioxide (CO2), and the ability of some to fix dinitrogen (N2). However, the physiological and ecological role of cyanotoxins eludes us. Furthermore, complex population dynamics of toxic and non-toxic cyanobacterial strains confounds many ecosystem-based studies. Thus, our research has focused on describing spatial and temporal cyanobacterial population dynamics and cyanotoxin production in eutrophic lakes. Our results indicate that vertical heterogeneity in lakes is important for partitioning individual cyanobacterial taxa within the photic zone on short time scales (hourly-daily). However, on the time-scales that toxic blooms occur (days-weeks), physics likely plays a larger role in distributing cyanobacterial biomass and toxins throughout the epilimnion. Similarly, horizontal heterogeneity in lakes can be extremely patchy. We observed on daily time-scales, cyanotoxins could vary by orders of magnitude in different parts of the lake. Thus, toxic blooms are not evenly distributed horizontally or vertically in lakes on short time scales, but were also not significantly different beyond several days. Conversely, cyanobacterial communities and toxin concentrations changed significantly over the course of the open water season. Intra-annual changes in temperature, lake stratification, and nutrient concentrations had a profound impact on cyanobacterial community composition and measured toxin concentrations. In particular, inorganic nitrogen drawdown during stratification resulted in large N2 fixing Aphanizomenon blooms. Shortly thereafter, Microcystis abundance and microcystin concentrations increased significantly. Aphanizomenon and Microcystis were both abundant in the fall, but toxin concentrations decreased. Three Microcystis genotypes were abundant at different times of the year, suggesting they occupy different niches. We proposed that microcystin production was caused by N stress, particularly the rapid drawdown of ammonium, and present a metabolic model for regulation of microcystin synthesis in Microcystis. Together, these results have implications for lake management, public health, and modeling toxin production in eutrophic lakes.
Author: Petra M. Visser
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832542042
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 159
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Shinjini Pal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
