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Author: Sapna Kumar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The presumption against extraterritoriality is a deceptively straightforward principle: that U.S. law applies only inside the United States. But there is confusion regarding whether the presumption applies when a court calculates patent damages. In WesternGeco L.L.C. v. Ion Geophysical Corp., the Federal Circuit held that patent holders who show infringement under § 271(f) of the Patent Act cannot recover foreign lost profits. The court maintained that allowing recovery of such damages would result in the Patent Act applying extraterritorially, which cannot be done without Congress's clear intent. This interpretation severely limits the ability of district courts to make patent infringement victims whole. This Article maintains that the Federal Circuit's reliance on the presumption is misplaced. The presumption was established to prevent U.S. law from applying to extraterritorial conduct; it was not intended to cover situations where foreign harm flows directly from an act of domestic patent infringement. The presumption has been rebutted under the Supreme Court's two-step extraterritoriality test. By creating this bright-line rule, the Federal Circuit has unduly restricted the ability of patent holders to recover damages, including in cases where there is no other applicable law. This Article proposes that the Federal Circuit adopt a flexible test that balances prescriptive comity concerns with the United State's interest in making victims of domestic patent infringement whole.
Author: Sapna Kumar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The presumption against extraterritoriality is a deceptively straightforward principle: that U.S. law applies only inside the United States. But there is confusion regarding whether the presumption applies when a court calculates patent damages. In WesternGeco L.L.C. v. Ion Geophysical Corp., the Federal Circuit held that patent holders who show infringement under § 271(f) of the Patent Act cannot recover foreign lost profits. The court maintained that allowing recovery of such damages would result in the Patent Act applying extraterritorially, which cannot be done without Congress's clear intent. This interpretation severely limits the ability of district courts to make patent infringement victims whole. This Article maintains that the Federal Circuit's reliance on the presumption is misplaced. The presumption was established to prevent U.S. law from applying to extraterritorial conduct; it was not intended to cover situations where foreign harm flows directly from an act of domestic patent infringement. The presumption has been rebutted under the Supreme Court's two-step extraterritoriality test. By creating this bright-line rule, the Federal Circuit has unduly restricted the ability of patent holders to recover damages, including in cases where there is no other applicable law. This Article proposes that the Federal Circuit adopt a flexible test that balances prescriptive comity concerns with the United State's interest in making victims of domestic patent infringement whole.
Author: Timothy R. Holbrook
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Patents are generally considered to be the most territorial of all the various forms of intellectual property. Even patent law, however, has confronted issues involving the application of a U.S. patent to extraterritorial activity. The Supreme Court has expressed an interest in both issues - the extraterritorial application of U.S. law and patent law. At times, these interests have intersected. Notwithstanding the Court's recent elaborations on extraterritoriality, the approach by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has been, at best, inconsistent. At times the court has afforded extraterritorial protection, even in the face of strong territorial language in the patent statute itself. At other times, however, it has approached the issue of extraterritoriality more restrictively, even when the statute itself expressly contemplates the regulation of activities outside of the United States. This dynamic has been addressed by myself and other scholars. More recently, however, the Federal Circuit has addressed the issue of patent damages for extraterritorial activities. These scenarios have arisen because there necessarily has been an act of domestic patent infringement. The damages theory advocated by the patent holder, however, has attempted to ensnare overseas sales, either under a lost profits or reasonable royalty theory. Additionally, the Federal Circuit has begun to address the appropriate scope of damages for infringement under § 271(f) of the Patent Act, a provision that defines infringement as the exportation of all the components of an invention, or a single component with no substantial non-infringing use, where it is to be assembled abroad. Necessarily, this provision contemplates the regulation of foreign markets through the domestic hook of acts of exportation. The Federal Circuit, nevertheless, rejected the patentee's requested remedy in this case. This Article turns to the issue of the extraterritorial reach of patent damages. It analyzes the Federal Circuit's recent pronouncements using the two-step method articulated by the Supreme Court in RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Community. This analysis suggests that damages for infringement under various aspects of the Patent Act can be treated differently with respect to extraterritoriality. This Article goes on to suggest that the Federal Circuit's approach lacks nuance to account for the particular economic and legal circumstances that differentiates the different infringement provisions at stake. It draws on earlier work where I advocated for a conflicts-based approach to extraterritorial application of U.S. patents and extends that work to these scenarios, offering a more balanced approach to assessing whether damages are appropriate in these circumstances. Finally, this Article explores whether the various damages theories involved in these cases, regardless of the territorial limits, suggest it is time to revisit the foreseeability/proximate cause aspect of Rite-Hite. The theories of damages seem quite far removed from the actual acts of infringement, even if they occurred within the United States. Some scholars have begun work on this enterprise, and these cases suggest such consideration is ripe.
Author: Michael Christian Alexander Kant
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conflict of laws
Languages : en
Pages : 633
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Book Description
Author: Wolrad Prinz zu Waldeck und Pyrmont
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540887431
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 898
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Book Description
In the last two decades, accelerating technological progress, increasing economic globalization and the proliferation of international agreements have created new challenges for intellectual property law. In this collection of articles in honor of Professor Joseph Straus, more than 60 scholars and practitioners from the Americas, Asia and Europe provide legal, economic and policy perspectives on these challenges, with a particular focus on the challenges facing the modern patent system. Among the many topics addressed are the rapid development of specific technical fields such as biotechnology, the relationship of exclusive rights and competition, and the application of territorially limited IP laws in cross-border scenarios.
Author: Fritz Machlup
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Patents
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
At head of title: 85th Cong., 2d sess. Committee print. Bibliography: p. 81-86.
Author: Massimo Sterpi
Publisher: Sweet & Maxwell
ISBN: 1908239123
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
The Conflict of Laws is now a well-established textbook on this complicated and fast moving area of law. The text explains the fundamental principles of the subject but also allows the reader to stand back from the rules dealing with specific topics and to consider some issues which concern the working of the conflict of laws as a whole, in particular, the theoretical basis and methodology., thus, making it an ideal textbook for students on both academic and professional courses.
Author: David C. Mowery
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 080479636X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Since the early 1980s, universities in the United States have greatly expanded their patenting and licensing activities. The Congressional Joint Economic Committee, among other authorities, have argued that this surge contributed to the economic boom of the 1990s. And, many observers have attributed this trend to the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980. Using quantitative analysis and detailed case studies, this book tests that conventional wisdom and assesses the effects of the Act, examining the diverse channels through which commercialization has occurred over the 20th century and since the passage of the Act.
Author: Tonya L. Putnam
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 131672087X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Courts without Borders is the first book to examine the politics of judicial extraterritoriality, with a focus on the world's chief practitioner: the United States. For much of the post-World War II era, the United States has been a frequent yet selective regulator of activities outside its territory, and US federal courts are often on the front line in deciding the extraterritorial reach of US law. At stake in these jurisdiction battles is the ability to bring the regulatory power of the United States to bear on transnational disputes in ways that other states frequently dislike both in principle and in practice. This volume proposes a general theory of domestic court behavior to explain variation in extraterritorial enforcement of US law, emphasizing how the strategic behavior of private actors is important to mobilizing courts and in directing their activities.
Author: Symeon Symeonides
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004435883
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1920
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Book Description
This book is a true treasure trove of original research, incisive observations, and useful practical pointers. Written by an author who has read more than sixty thousand conflicts decisions in the last thirty years, the book skillfully guides American and foreign readers through the labyrinthine alleys of American choice-of-law litigation in the last twenty years and distills the resulting lessons for attorneys, academics, and lawmakers.
Author: Austen Parrish
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1800885598
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 519
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Book Description
By engaging with the ongoing discussion surrounding the scope of cross-border regulation, this expansive Research Handbook provides the reader with key insights into the concept of extraterritoriality. It offers an incisive overview and analysis of one of the most critical components of global governance.
