Oxidation Testing of Long-Life Turbine Oil Fluids. Can We Do Better? PDF Download
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Author: Marc Ribeaud
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid number
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Four turbine oils formulated with varying types and concentrations of antioxidants were aged via D 943 exposure and examined extensively at 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10 000 h. Acid number, Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT), High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HPDSC)RP, and sludge determinations were made at each time interval. Only a combined evaluation of the test results for the 10 000 h oil samples (a "Total Oxidation Products" approach) gave a reasonable estimation of the true oxidative state of the fluids. One shorter term test, ASTM D 6514, was found to give a fair prediction of the overall quality of the fluids at 10 000 h.
Author: Marc Ribeaud
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid number
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Four turbine oils formulated with varying types and concentrations of antioxidants were aged via D 943 exposure and examined extensively at 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10 000 h. Acid number, Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT), High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HPDSC)RP, and sludge determinations were made at each time interval. Only a combined evaluation of the test results for the 10 000 h oil samples (a "Total Oxidation Products" approach) gave a reasonable estimation of the true oxidative state of the fluids. One shorter term test, ASTM D 6514, was found to give a fair prediction of the overall quality of the fluids at 10 000 h.
Author: DE. Chasan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid number
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
Four turbine oils formulated with varying types and concentrations of antioxidants were aged via D 943 exposure and examined extensively at 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10 000 h. Acid number, Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT), High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HPDSC)RP, and sludge determinations were made at each time interval. Only a combined evaluation of the test results for the 10 000 h oil samples (a "Total Oxidation Products" approach) gave a reasonable estimation of the true oxidative state of the fluids. One shorter term test, ASTM D 6514, was found to give a fair prediction of the overall quality of the fluids at 10 000 h.
Author: Brian T. Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Anti-oxidants
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
One of the primary factors in determining the life and performance of turbine oils is its oxidation stability. Oxidation can cause a host of problems for in-service turbine oils, such as sludge, deposits, lacquer, and varnish formation. There is limited published research on the performance of turbine oils once oxidation begins. This paper presents data on the relationship between several turbine oil characteristics during the oxidation process by focusing on the measurable physical and chemical changes that occur. Five turbine oils were chosen, each employing different antioxidants and base oil refining technologies to represent a typical selection of commercially available turbine oils. A 49-day experiment was completed in which the oils were subjected to a controlled and accelerated oxidative process under laboratory conditions. Throughout the testing period, samples were drawn and a range of chemical, physical, and performance tests were performed. The data obtained from this experiment identify several correlations that relate to the performance of each oil. These data are useful in understanding the relationship between turbine oil oxidation and fluid performance and will help end-users in selecting and optimizing their turbine lubricant.
Author: Don M. Pirro
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315362058
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
Careful selection of the right lubricant(s) is required to keep a machine running smoothly. Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded describes the need and design for the many specialized oils and greases used to lubricate machine elements and builds on the tribology and lubrication basics discussed in previous editions. Utilizing knowledge from leading experts in the field, the third edition covers new lubrication requirements, crude oil composition and selection, base stock manufacture, lubricant formulation and evaluation, machinery and lubrication fundamentals, and environmental stewardship. The book combines lubrication theory with practical knowledge, and provides many useful illustrations to highlight key industrial, commercial, marine, aviation, and automotive lubricant applications and concepts. All previous edition chapters have been updated to include new technologies, applications, and specifications that have been introduced in the past 15 years. What’s New in the Third Edition: Adds three new chapters on the growing renewable energy application of wind turbines, the impact of lubricants on energy efficiency, and best practice guidelines on establishing an in-service lubricant analysis program Updates API, SAE, and ACEA engine oil specifications, descriptions of new engine oil tests, impact of engine and fuel technology trends on engine oil Includes the latest environmental lubricant tests, definitions, and labelling programs Compiles expert information from ExxonMobil publications and the foremost international equipment builders and industry associations Covers key influences impacting lubricant formulations and technology Offers data on global energy demand and interesting statistics such as the worldwide population of nuclear reactors, wind turbines, and output of hydraulic turbines Presents new sections on the history of synthetic lubricants and hazardous chemical labeling for lubricants Whether used as a training guide for industry novices, a textbook for students to understand lubrication principles, or a technical reference for experienced lubrication and tribology professionals, Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded is a "must read" for maintenance professionals, lubricant formulators and marketers, chemists, and lubrication, surface, chemical, mechanical, and automotive engineers.
Author: TM. Warne
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crankcase oils
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
ASTM Subcommittee D02.09 develops methods and equipment to measure thermal and oxidation stability of fuels, lubricating oils, and greases. This paper will outline the existing ASTM oxidation test methods available for petroleum products and briefly describe the status of new test method development underway. New oxidation tests will be described for gasoline, motor oils, turbine oils, hydraulic fluids, and gear lubricants.
Author: M. Pach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid number
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Traditionally, long established oxidation tests such as TOST (ASTM D 943-03) and RPVOT (ASTM D 2272-02) in combination with the acid number (ASTM D 974-03) test has been used to screen the oxidation stability of turbine oils. Lately, nevertheless, a new voltammetric method has been applied to measure the remaining useful life (RUL) of turbine oils, RULERTM (ASTM D 6971-03) as it uses microlitre amounts of sample and needs only a short testing time. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the RULERTM voltammetric test in comparison to the standing oxidation turbine methods, TOST and RPVOT. Three fully formulated commercially available oils were studied; two were based on synthetic esters and one was mineral oil based. In addition, other oils were tested in our laboratories in Norway and Sweden in order to investigate the correlation between RULERTM and RPVOT oxidation stability tests. Field samples were also used to evaluate those methods. Although those studies have been worthwhile, reaching a definite conclusion regarding correlations has proven to be somewhat difficult. It is clear, however, that by a careful methodology, a useful correlation for the investigated oil types may be obtained. For example, guide limits for RULERTM results and their correlation to RPVOT values were established.
Author: H. K. Zobel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid number
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Traditionally, long established oxidation tests such as TOST (ASTM D 943-03) and RPVOT (ASTM D 2272-02) in combination with the acid number (ASTM D 974-03) test has been used to screen the oxidation stability of turbine oils. Lately, nevertheless, a new voltammetric method has been applied to measure the remaining useful life (RUL) of turbine oils, RULERTM (ASTM D 6971-03) as it uses microlitre amounts of sample and needs only a short testing time. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the RULERTM voltammetric test in comparison to the standing oxidation turbine methods, TOST and RPVOT.Three fully formulated commercially available oils were studied; two were based on synthetic esters and one was mineral oil based. In addition, other oils were tested in our laboratories in Norway and Sweden in order to investigate the correlation between RULERTM and RPVOT oxidation stability tests. Field samples were also used to evaluate those methods.Although those studies have been worthwhile, reaching a definite conclusion regarding correlations has proven to be somewhat difficult. It is clear, however, that by a careful methodology, a useful correlation for the investigated oil types may be obtained. For example, guide limits for RULERTM results and their correlation to RPVOT values were established.
Author: VJ. Gatto
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Active oxygen
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
The current turbine oil oxidation bench tests have been in place for many years. Recently, however, the basestocks used to formulate these lubricants have changed significantly. Traditional basestocks, containing high levels of aromatics and sulfur, have been substantially displaced by more highly refined basestocks, which have very low levels of aromatics and almost no sulfur. Over time it has become clear that the oxidation performance of the different basestock classes is quite different. One key question, however, remains unanswered. "What modifications are required in current bench tests to adequately mimic oxidation processes in modern turbine lubricants?" In order to adequately address this critical question, the fundamentals of lubricant oxidation and stabilization will be discussed. Data will be presented on the oxidation of different basestocks under varying conditions of temperature, metal catalysts and antioxidant type, using model bulk oil oxidation tests. The data highlights the fundamental oxidation mechanisms that can occur in turbine oil systems and new test methods are proposed.
Author: Kenneth E. Bannister
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 8770222649
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 589
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Book Description
Now completely revised and updated, this definitive reference provides a comprehensive resource on the fundamental principles of lubricant application, what products are available, and which lubricants are most effective for specific applications. It also offers a detailed and highly practical discussion of lubrication delivery systems. You’ll gain a clearer understanding of the "why" of relevant industrial lubrication practices, and, importantly, how these practices will facilitate optimized results. Lubricant applications covered include bearings and machine elements in earthbound electric motors, process pumps, gas compressors, gas and steam turbines, as well as many other machine types. An examination of the most advantageous ways to procure lubricants, to understand contaminant filtration, and to implement cost-justified means of lubricant storage is presented. Also provided are expert tips on lubricant handling techniques, procedural setups, how and when to perform oil analyses, critical maintenance practices, equipment reliability issues, and more.
Author: Committee C Staff
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN:
Category : Gas-turbines
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
