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Author: Aaron Perzanowski
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262535246
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
An argument for retaining the notion of personal property in the products we “buy” in the digital marketplace. If you buy a book at the bookstore, you own it. You can take it home, scribble in the margins, put in on the shelf, lend it to a friend, sell it at a garage sale. But is the same thing true for the ebooks or other digital goods you buy? Retailers and copyright holders argue that you don't own those purchases, you merely license them. That means your ebook vendor can delete the book from your device without warning or explanation—as Amazon deleted Orwell's 1984 from the Kindles of surprised readers several years ago. These readers thought they owned their copies of 1984. Until, it turned out, they didn't. In The End of Ownership, Aaron Perzanowski and Jason Schultz explore how notions of ownership have shifted in the digital marketplace, and make an argument for the benefits of personal property. Of course, ebooks, cloud storage, streaming, and other digital goods offer users convenience and flexibility. But, Perzanowski and Schultz warn, consumers should be aware of the tradeoffs involving user constraints, permanence, and privacy. The rights of private property are clear, but few people manage to read their end user agreements. Perzanowski and Schultz argue that introducing aspects of private property and ownership into the digital marketplace would offer both legal and economic benefits. But, most important, it would affirm our sense of self-direction and autonomy. If we own our purchases, we are free to make whatever lawful use of them we please. Technology need not constrain our freedom; it can also empower us.
Author: Aaron Perzanowski
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262535246
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 262
Get Book Here
Book Description
An argument for retaining the notion of personal property in the products we “buy” in the digital marketplace. If you buy a book at the bookstore, you own it. You can take it home, scribble in the margins, put in on the shelf, lend it to a friend, sell it at a garage sale. But is the same thing true for the ebooks or other digital goods you buy? Retailers and copyright holders argue that you don't own those purchases, you merely license them. That means your ebook vendor can delete the book from your device without warning or explanation—as Amazon deleted Orwell's 1984 from the Kindles of surprised readers several years ago. These readers thought they owned their copies of 1984. Until, it turned out, they didn't. In The End of Ownership, Aaron Perzanowski and Jason Schultz explore how notions of ownership have shifted in the digital marketplace, and make an argument for the benefits of personal property. Of course, ebooks, cloud storage, streaming, and other digital goods offer users convenience and flexibility. But, Perzanowski and Schultz warn, consumers should be aware of the tradeoffs involving user constraints, permanence, and privacy. The rights of private property are clear, but few people manage to read their end user agreements. Perzanowski and Schultz argue that introducing aspects of private property and ownership into the digital marketplace would offer both legal and economic benefits. But, most important, it would affirm our sense of self-direction and autonomy. If we own our purchases, we are free to make whatever lawful use of them we please. Technology need not constrain our freedom; it can also empower us.
Author: Catherine L. Fisk
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN: 0807899062
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
Skilled workers of the early nineteenth century enjoyed a degree of professional independence because workplace knowledge and technical skill were their "property," or at least their attribute. In most sectors of today's economy, however, it is a foundational and widely accepted truth that businesses retain legal ownership of employee-generated intellectual property. In Working Knowledge, Catherine Fisk chronicles the legal and social transformations that led to the transfer of ownership of employee innovation from labor to management. This deeply contested development was won at the expense of workers' entrepreneurial independence and ultimately, Fisk argues, economic democracy. By reviewing judicial decisions and legal scholarship on all aspects of employee-generated intellectual property and combing the archives of major nineteenth-century intellectual property-producing companies--including DuPont, Rand McNally, and the American Tobacco Company--Fisk makes a highly technical area of law accessible to general readers while also addressing scholarly deficiencies in the histories of labor, intellectual property, and the business of technology.
Author: Vinod Sankaranarayanan
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN: 0134181069
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
Organizations invest immense amounts of time, resources, and attention in their software projects. But all too often, when it's time to transfer the finished project to new "owners," they settle for the most superficial classroom training, documentation, and code walkthroughs. These conventional approaches to knowledge transfer often fail, dramatically reducing the value of new systems in production. You can do much better - and Software Ownership Transfer will show you how. This is the first practical, hands-on guide to knowledge transfer in today's agile environments. Using a realistic, large-scale case study, ThoughtWorks expert Vinod Sankaranarayanan shows how to elevate knowledge transfer from "necessary evil" to an activity full of agility and innovation, and bring together multiple organizations and cultures to make ownership transfer work. Sankaranarayanan explains why mere documentation of error reports and processes isn't enough, and shows how to successfully craft a knowledge transfer program that's more substantive and effective. Along the way, he offers guidance on overcoming the commercial compromises and personal tensions often associated with transferring systems to new ownership; and on transforming mere "knowledge transfer" into something much better: "taking ownership."
Author: Dagmar Schafer
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262545594
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
A framework for knowledge ownership that challenges the mechanisms of inequality in modern society. Scholars of science, technology, medicine, and law have all tended to emphasize knowledge as the sum of human understanding, and its ownership as possession by law. Breaking with traditional discourse on knowledge property as something that concerns mainly words and intellectual history, or science and law, Dagmar Schäfer, Annapurna Mamidipudi, and Marius Buning propose technology as a central heuristic for studying the many implications of knowledge ownership. Toward this end, they focus on the notions of knowledge and ownership in courtrooms, workshops, policy, and research practices, while also shedding light on scholarship itself as a powerful tool for making explicit the politics inherent in knowledge practices and social order. The book presents case studies showing how diverse knowledge economies are created and how inequalities arise from them. Unlike scholars who have fragmented this discourse across the disciplines of anthropology, sociology, and history, the editors highlight recent developments in the emerging field of the global history of knowledge—as science, as economy, and as culture. The case studies reveal how notions of knowing and owning emerge because they reciprocally produce and determine each other’s limits and possibilities; that is, how we know inevitably affects how we can own what we know; and how we own always impacts how and what we are able to know. Contributors Dagmar Schäfer, Annapurna Mamidipudi, Cynthia Brokaw, Marius Buning, Viren Murthy, Marjolijn Bol, Amy E. Slaton, James Leach, Myles W. Jackson, Lissant Bolton, Vivek S. Oak, Jörn Oeder
Author: Pawan Handa
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 1789737737
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
With the rising importance of knowledge as a primary factor in global industries, it is increasingly necessary for knowledge management professionals to understand, engage with, and speak the language of investments and auditing. This exciting guide helps knowledge management professionals educate themselves on these topics.
Author: Gillian Doyle
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 9780761966814
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
Looks at media ownership policies in Great Britain and Europe.
Author: Marc Brightman
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 1785330837
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The first book to address the classic anthropological theme of property through the ethnography of Amazonia, Ownership and Nurture sets new and challenging terms for anthropological debates about the region and about property in general. Property and ownership have special significance and carry specific meanings in Amazonia, which has been portrayed as the antithesis of Western, property-based, civilization. Through carefully constructed studies of land ownership, slavery, shamanism, spirit mastery, aesthetics, and intellectual property, this volume demonstrates that property relations are of central importance in Amazonia, and that the ownership of persons plays an especially significant role in native cosmology.
Author: T.D. Harper-Shipman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000691527
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Rethinking Ownership of Development in Africa demonstrates how instead of empowering the communities they work with, the jargon of development ownership often actually serves to perpetuate the centrality of multilateral organizations and international donors in African development, awarding a fairly minimal role to local partners. In the context of today’s development scheme for Africa, ownership is often considered to be the panacea for all of the aid-dependent continent’s development woes. Reinforced through the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and the Accra Agenda for Action, ownership is now the preeminent procedure for achieving aid effectiveness and a range of development outcomes. Throughout this book, the author illustrates how the ownership paradigm dictates who can produce development knowledge and who is responsible for carrying it out, with a specific focus on the health sectors in Burkina Faso and Kenya. Under this paradigm, despite the ownership narrative, national stakeholders in both countries are not producers of development knowledge; they are merely responsible for its implementation. This book challenges the preponderance of conventional international development policies that call for more ownership from African stakeholders without questioning the implications of donor demands and historical legacies of colonialism in Africa. Ultimately, the findings from this book make an important contribution to critical development debates that question international development as an enterprise capable of empowering developing nations. This lively and engaging book challenges readers to think differently about the ownership, and as such will be of interest to researchers of development studies and African studies, as well as for development practitioners within Africa.
Author: Robert Postlethwaite
Publisher: Spiramus Press Ltd
ISBN: 1910151572
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
This book is intended to meet a range of different needs and to cater for different levels of knowledge about employee ownership. If you are considering making your company employee-owned or you are advising someone going through that process, and in either case are new to the topic, you can build up your knowledge levels from Chapter 1. Alternatively, the book can be used as a reference work if you have a particular question to answer. Some parts of the book will not be relevant to every reader. For example, several Chapters consider how employees can acquire shares personally: these will not be relevant to companies which intend their employee ownership only to be through an employee trust. The book is intended as practical guide rather than a highly detailed technical treatise. Its priority is to explain key issues in an accessible fashion and to raise awareness of where further exploration and advice may be important. Chapter 1 This Chapter looks at the background to employee ownership and why companies choose to become employee-owned. Chapter 2 Employee trusts are a key part of the structure of most employee-owned companies, as outlined in this Chapter. Individual share ownership is also introduced here, as some employee-owned companies combine ownership by an employee trust (which usually holds the majority of the company’s shares) with direct, individual ownership of shares by employees. Chapter 3 Chapter 3 goes more deeply into how employee trusts work and how the role of trustees as owners interacts with the role of the company’s directors. Chapter 4 In this Chapter, the key steps and decisions that will need to be made in establishing an employee trust are considered. Chapter 5 This Chapter starts to look in more detail at individual share ownership, in particular the ways in which employees can acquire shares personally, and provides a summary of the tax reliefs that are available for individual employees acquiring shares in their company. Chapter 6 Employee ownership trusts are a particular kind of employee trust, bringing particular tax reliefs. This Chapter considers these tax reliefs and the various conditions which must be satisfied. Chapter 7 Many companies become employee-owned through the existing owners transferring their shares to an employee trust. This Chapter looks at how to plan ownership succession in this way and some key questions that will need to be considered. Chapter 8 An employee ownership trust deed is likely to form the structural core of most employee-owned companies. This Chapter explains the key provisions that it will commonly include. Chapter 9 This Chapter considers the people issues which arise in a transition to employee ownership, and has been written by Jeremy Gadd. The next five Chapters look in more detail at how employees can acquire shares individually and may be of value to companies wishing to include individual share ownership alongside trust ownership. Chapters 10 and 11 look at two tax-advantaged all-employee share schemes. Chapter 10 The Share Incentive Plan (SIP) enables employees to purchase shares or receive free shares, in each case with relief against income tax. The SIP is an all-employee share scheme, which means that all employees must be allowed to participate in any offer of shares. This Chapter looks at the statutory requirements for operating a SIP and how it works in practice. Chapter 11 Save As You Earn (SAYE) options is another form of all-employee share scheme, under which employees can be granted options to acquire shares in the future and those employees who participate will save a monthly amount towards the option exercise price. This Chapter considers how SAYE options work. Chapters 12 and 13 look at tax-advantaged share schemes which do not need to involve all employees: Chapter 12 This Chapter looks at Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI) options. For companies wishing to create personal share ownership for their key people, EMI options will often be the best place to start. There are particular eligibility requirements for EMI options. These are considered in this Chapter, which also discusses the key elements of an EMI scheme, and offers suggestions as to how EMI options can be structured. Chapter 13 An alternative to EMI options is the Company Share Option Plan (CSOP). This Chapter considers how the CSOP works. Chapter 14 This Chapter looks at other ways in which employees can acquire shares personally. Chapters 15 to 20 consider other legal, regulatory and taxation issues. Chapter 15 Where employees are to acquire shares (or cash) from an employee trust, it is important to ensure that this is structured in a way which does not fall foul of tax anti-avoidance rules which were introduced to counter what is commonly referred to as disguised remuneration. This Chapter looks at these provisions and how to keep on the right side of them. Failure to do so could result in a charge to income tax and National Insurance on the value of assets even though an employee has not acquired any definite ownership rights over them. Chapter 16 This Chapter sweeps up some other legal and regulatory matters not directly covered in previous Chapters. Chapter 17 This Chapter covers data protection requirements. Chapter 18 This Chapter covers phantom shares. Chapter 19 This looks at the interaction between corporation tax, employee trusts and different individual employee share schemes. Chapter 20 There are a number of registration and filing requirements with HM Revenue and Customs and the Registrar of Companies. This Chapter considers these and some continuing administration requirements and summarises the accounting treatment of employee trusts and employee share schemes.
Author: Lewis Dartnell
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0143127047
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
How would you go about rebuilding a technological society from scratch? If our technological society collapsed tomorrow what would be the one book you would want to press into the hands of the postapocalyptic survivors? What crucial knowledge would they need to survive in the immediate aftermath and to rebuild civilization as quickly as possible? Human knowledge is collective, distributed across the population. It has built on itself for centuries, becoming vast and increasingly specialized. Most of us are ignorant about the fundamental principles of the civilization that supports us, happily utilizing the latest—or even the most basic—technology without having the slightest idea of why it works or how it came to be. If you had to go back to absolute basics, like some sort of postcataclysmic Robinson Crusoe, would you know how to re-create an internal combustion engine, put together a microscope, get metals out of rock, or even how to produce food for yourself? Lewis Dartnell proposes that the key to preserving civilization in an apocalyptic scenario is to provide a quickstart guide, adapted to cataclysmic circumstances. The Knowledge describes many of the modern technologies we employ, but first it explains the fundamentals upon which they are built. Every piece of technology rests on an enormous support network of other technologies, all interlinked and mutually dependent. You can’t hope to build a radio, for example, without understanding how to acquire the raw materials it requires, as well as generate the electricity needed to run it. But Dartnell doesn’t just provide specific information for starting over; he also reveals the greatest invention of them all—the phenomenal knowledge-generating machine that is the scientific method itself. The Knowledge is a brilliantly original guide to the fundamentals of science and how it built our modern world.
