Optical and Electrical Studies of Transition Metal in Phosphate Glass PDF Download
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Author: Emma Ziezie Mohd Tarmizi
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659190858
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
This thesis investigate the role of transition metal (TM) ions in calcium phosphate glass. Various transition metal ions in homogenous calcium phosphate glass were prepared by traditional melt quenching technique. Optical absorption, dielectric spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structural, optical and electrical features of the glasses. A number of physical studies have also been conducted which include refractive index and density to explore both binary and ternary systems of phosphate glasses. From the empirical data, other values such as molar volume and molar refractivity have been computed. Systematic analyses based on optical and electrical study due to the introduction of transition metal (TM) ions into the binary system of Calcium Phosphate glass are reported.
Author: Emma Ziezie Mohd Tarmizi
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659190858
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
This thesis investigate the role of transition metal (TM) ions in calcium phosphate glass. Various transition metal ions in homogenous calcium phosphate glass were prepared by traditional melt quenching technique. Optical absorption, dielectric spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structural, optical and electrical features of the glasses. A number of physical studies have also been conducted which include refractive index and density to explore both binary and ternary systems of phosphate glasses. From the empirical data, other values such as molar volume and molar refractivity have been computed. Systematic analyses based on optical and electrical study due to the introduction of transition metal (TM) ions into the binary system of Calcium Phosphate glass are reported.
Author: Emma Ziezie Mohd. Tarmizi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium phosphate
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Author: Mark Joseph Henderson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Glass
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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The goal of this dissertation is to characterize the basic transport properties of phosphate glasses containing various amounts of TIs and to identify and explain any electronic phase transitions which may occur. The P2O5-V2O5-WO3 (PVW) glass system will be analyzed to find the effect of TI concentration on conduction. In addition, the effect of the relative concentrations of network forming ions (SiO2 and P2O5) on transport will be studied in the P2O5-SiO2-Fe2O3 (PSF)system. Also presented is a numerical study on a tight-binding model adapted for the purposes of modelling Gaussian traps, mimicking TI's, which are arranged in an extended network. The results of this project will contribute to the development of fundamental theories on the electronic transport in glasses containing mixtures of transition oxides as well as those containing multiple network formers without discernible phase separation. The present study on the PVW follows up on previous investigation into the effect on mixed transition ions in oxide glasses. Past research has focused on glasses containing transition metalions from the 3d row. The inclusion of tungsten, a 5d transition metal, adds a layer of complexity through the mismatch of the energies of the orbitals contributing to localized states. The data have indicated that a transition reminiscent of a metal-insulator transition (MIT) occurs in this system as the concentration of tungsten increases. As opposed to some other MIT-like transitions found in phosphate glass systems, there seems to be no polaron to bipolaron conversion. Instead, the individual localization parameter for tungsten noticeably decreases dramatically at the transition point as well as the adiabaticity. Another distinctive feature of this project is the study of the PSF system, which contains two true network formers, phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). It is not usually possible to do a reliable investigation of the conduction properties of such glasses because the two network formers will tend to separate into different phases, making it difficult to obtain homogenous samples. The PSF system proved easier to study than other systems. The hopping in this system seems to be dominated by the Greaves mid-range mechanism. In addition, in samples containing the same proportion of iron, conductivities were found to not depend noticeably on composition, supporting the use of models focusing on the transition metal ions in calculating conductivity. Despite ostensibly changing the structural and metrical properties of the network, the ratio of the concentration of the network formers only appears to have an effect on the conductivity through changing the inter-atomic distance of iron. The numerical model adds to the evidence for the dominating contribution on the nearest neighbor ordering of TI ions on the electrical properties of a glass; especially interesting is the reproducibility of the mixed-transition ion effect (MTE) in a numerical model where ensemble averages are taken over possible arrangements. It was also determined that the disorder arising from the spread between two types of traps can lead to a MIT as function of population. Finally, an outline of the notion of invariance in TI glasses is extended from work done by other authors, creating an opportunity for further research.
Author: A. E. Owen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Author: Alias Daud
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Lead fluorophosphate glasses have been prepared from rapid quenching of well mixed compound. Such glasses show a large transparent region with a strong absorption edge rising from 300nm. The absorption edge is strongly influenced by the ratio of Pb0 :P205. The presence of transition metal ions in the glass matrix not only introduce intense bands but also influence the extent of the absorption edge. Nickel ions have characteristics optical absorption bands because of crystal field energy levels. [Authors' abstract].
Author: R. Harani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Arun K. Varshneya
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128162260
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 753
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Book Description
Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses, Third Edition, is a comprehensive reference on the field of glass science and engineering that covers numerous, significant advances. This new edition includes the most recent advances in glass physics and chemistry, also discussing groundbreaking applications of glassy materials. It is suitable for upper level glass science courses and professional glass scientists and engineers at industrial and government labs. Fundamental concepts, chapter-ending problem sets, an emphasis on key ideas, and timely notes on suggested readings are all included. The book provides the breadth required of a comprehensive reference, offering coverage of the composition, structure and properties of inorganic glasses. Clearly develops fundamental concepts and the basics of glass science and glass chemistry Provides a comprehensive discussion of the composition, structure and properties of inorganic glasses Features a discussion of the emerging applications of glass, including applications in energy, environment, pharmaceuticals, and more Concludes chapters with problem sets and suggested readings to facilitate self-study
Author: J. David Musgraves
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319937267
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1590
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Book Description
This handbook provides comprehensive treatment of the current state of glass science from the leading experts in the field. Opening with an enlightening contribution on the history of glass, the volume is then divided into eight parts. The first part covers fundamental properties, from the current understanding of the thermodynamics of the amorphous state, kinetics, and linear and nonlinear optical properties through colors, photosensitivity, and chemical durability. The second part provides dedicated chapters on each individual glass type, covering traditional systems like silicates and other oxide systems, as well as novel hybrid amorphous materials and spin glasses. The third part features detailed descriptions of modern characterization techniques for understanding this complex state of matter. The fourth part covers modeling, from first-principles calculations through molecular dynamics simulations, and statistical modeling. The fifth part presents a range of laboratory and industrial glass processing methods. The remaining parts cover a wide and representative range of applications areas from optics and photonics through environment, energy, architecture, and sensing. Written by the leading international experts in the field, the Springer Handbook of Glass represents an invaluable resource for graduate students through academic and industry researchers working in photonics, optoelectronics, materials science, energy, architecture, and more.
Author: Audrey Marie Davis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 994
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