Oil Pipeline Wax Disposition Inhibition Using Chemical Methods PDF Download
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Author: Norseri Mohd Mustaffa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bleaching
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Oil pipeline wax deposition is one of the major problems facing in the crude oil transportation flow line from the offshore to onshore through pipe. The problems occur because of the crude oil fluids temperature is decrease during the transportation process and cause the solidifying process occurs. The deposited wax is normally being removed using pigging process. In the present work, chemical method is introduced as an alternative solution for the wax deposition problems in pipelines. This method used CaCl2.2H2O and NaOCl as the inhibitor. The waxes is initially drowned in the NaOCl solutions to soften the waxes and remove the water content inside the sample; waxes. While drawn the sample, the solution with the waxes is stir to get the condition flowing through the pipeline. Then with fixed molarity of the CaCl2.2H2O solution, it is added to the NaOCl solution which has being reacted with the waxes samples. After a range of period; 24 hours, the result obtained is observed and recorded. This experiment is then repeated with different volume of NaOCl, using heat to study about the heat effect and also using acid to remove the waxes. The experimental results showed that with volume of 50ml NaOCl and 0.0071 M of CaCl2.2H2O, the waxes can break into small pieces and no weight loss to the wall like using 30 ml of NaOCl solutions with 70% weight loss from the initial sample weight. While using the heat, the waxes can be removes in 120s and gets 50% efficiencies for only 30 ml volume of NaOCl. This reaction has being tested gradually to ensure its ability to remove wax from the pipeline. The removal process has being removed using the chemical reactions between CaCl2.2H2O and NaOCl. The reaction of the chemicals and waxes was done in lab scale and the progress has being look properly in schedule time to ensure it properly removed. Inhibition of waxes using chemicals method finally founds it solutions which is means by reaction between Sodium Hypochlorite with Calcium Chloride Dihidrates together with bleaching theory, the problems can be eliminated and this kind of technique is more effectual based on its capability to recycle the chemical used back and need few periods to complete each reactions.
Author: Norseri Mohd Mustaffa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bleaching
Languages : en
Pages : 59
Get Book Here
Book Description
Oil pipeline wax deposition is one of the major problems facing in the crude oil transportation flow line from the offshore to onshore through pipe. The problems occur because of the crude oil fluids temperature is decrease during the transportation process and cause the solidifying process occurs. The deposited wax is normally being removed using pigging process. In the present work, chemical method is introduced as an alternative solution for the wax deposition problems in pipelines. This method used CaCl2.2H2O and NaOCl as the inhibitor. The waxes is initially drowned in the NaOCl solutions to soften the waxes and remove the water content inside the sample; waxes. While drawn the sample, the solution with the waxes is stir to get the condition flowing through the pipeline. Then with fixed molarity of the CaCl2.2H2O solution, it is added to the NaOCl solution which has being reacted with the waxes samples. After a range of period; 24 hours, the result obtained is observed and recorded. This experiment is then repeated with different volume of NaOCl, using heat to study about the heat effect and also using acid to remove the waxes. The experimental results showed that with volume of 50ml NaOCl and 0.0071 M of CaCl2.2H2O, the waxes can break into small pieces and no weight loss to the wall like using 30 ml of NaOCl solutions with 70% weight loss from the initial sample weight. While using the heat, the waxes can be removes in 120s and gets 50% efficiencies for only 30 ml volume of NaOCl. This reaction has being tested gradually to ensure its ability to remove wax from the pipeline. The removal process has being removed using the chemical reactions between CaCl2.2H2O and NaOCl. The reaction of the chemicals and waxes was done in lab scale and the progress has being look properly in schedule time to ensure it properly removed. Inhibition of waxes using chemicals method finally founds it solutions which is means by reaction between Sodium Hypochlorite with Calcium Chloride Dihidrates together with bleaching theory, the problems can be eliminated and this kind of technique is more effectual based on its capability to recycle the chemical used back and need few periods to complete each reactions.
Author: Zhenyu Huang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466567678
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr
Author: Johannes Karl Fink
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 0128094230
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Guide to Practical Use of Chemicals in Refineries and Pipelines delivers a well-rounded collection of content, references, and patents to show all the practical chemical choices available for refinery and pipeline usage, along with their purposes, benefits, and general characteristics. Covering the full spectrum of downstream operations, this reference solves the many problems that engineers and managers currently face, including corrosion, leakage in pipelines, and pretreatment of heavy oil feedstocks, something that is of growing interest with today's unconventional activity. Additional coverage on special refinery additives and justification on why they react the way they do with other chemicals and feedstocks is included, along with a reference list of acronyms and an index of chemicals that will give engineers and managers the opportunity to recognize new chemical solutions that can be used in the downstream industry. Presents tactics practitioners can use to effectively locate and utilize the right chemical application specific to their refinery or pipeline operation Includes information on how to safely perform operations with coverage on environmental issues and safety, including waste stream treatment and sulfur removal Helps readers understand the composition and applications of chemicals used in oil and gas refineries and pipelines, along with where they should be applied, and how their structure interacts when mixed at the refinery
Author: Ibrahim Yahia Yaagoob
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394191170
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 596
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Book Description
Learn the synthesis, characterization, scaling mechanisms, and applications of green antiscalants to be utilized in modern industrial platforms Scale formation, or mineral accumulation on the interior surfaces of water lines and containers, is a serious and expensive hazard in numerous industries. The prevention and elimination of scales has long been a major project demanding the production of antiscalant materials; increasing awareness of the toxicity of traditional antiscalants, however, and rising environmental consciousness has increased demand for green antiscalants. It's an exciting time for new chemists and chemical engineers to get involved in this growing field. Industrial Scale Inhibition provides a comprehensive introduction to existing and ongoing developments in green antiscalants. With coverage of synthesis, characterization, and many more subjects, it promises to make a serious contribution to environmentally conscious industry. The range of environmentally alternatives to traditional toxic antiscalants is explored and analyzed in this crucial volume. Industrial Scale Inhibition readers will also find: Detailed coverage of both synthetic and natural antiscalants Up-to-date reference material including pertinent websites and connections to the latest research Analysis of plant extracts, natural polymers, oleochemicals, and many more Industrial Scale Inhibition is a useful reference for chemists and chemical engineers working in research and development and academia, as well as high-level researchers working in the fields of material science and engineering, nanotechnology, energy, environment, colloid sciences, among others.
Author: Malcolm A. Kelland
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439873798
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
Production chemistry issues result from changes in well stream fluids, both liquid and gaseous, during processing. Since crude oil production is characterized by variable production rates and unpredictable changes to the nature of the produced fluids, it is essential for production chemists to have a range of chemical additives available for rectifying issues that would not otherwise be fully resolved. Modern production methods, the need to upgrade crude oils of variable quality, and environmental constraints demand chemical solutions. Thus, oilfield production chemicals are necessary to overcome or minimize the effects of the production chemistry problems. Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry, Second Edition discusses a wide variety of production chemicals used by the oil and gas industry for down-hole and topside applications both onshore and offshore. Incorporating the large amount of research and applications since the first edition, this new edition reviews all past and present classes of production chemicals, providing numerous difficult-to-obtain references, especially SPE papers and patents. Unlike other texts that focus on how products perform in the field, this book focuses on the specific structures of chemicals that are known to deliver the required or desired performance—information that is very useful for research and development. Each updated chapter begins by introducing a problem, such as scale or corrosion, for which there is a production chemical. The author then briefly discusses all chemical and nonchemical methods to treat the problem and provides in-depth descriptions of the structural classes of relevant production chemicals. He also mentions, when available, the environmental properties of chemicals and whether the chemical or technique has been successfully used in the field. This edition includes two new chapters and nearly 50 percent more references.
Author: Malcolm A. Kelland
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420092979
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 458
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Book Description
Modern production methods and environmental constraints demand chemical solutions. And as oilfields age, the need for chemicals to ensure steady production increases. Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry describes classes of production chemicals for use topside and downhole in the upstream oil and gas industry. It includes coverage of
Author: David Reay
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0080558089
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
Process intensification (PI) is a chemical and process design approach that leads to substantially smaller, cleaner, safer and more energy-efficient process technology. A hot topic across the chemical and process industries, this is the first book to provide a practical working guide to understanding and developing successful PI solutions that deliver savings and efficiencies. It will appeal to engineers working with leading-edge process technologies and those involved research and development of chemical, process, environmental, pharmaceutical, and bioscience systems. * Shows chemical and process engineers how to apply process intensification to their system, process or operation * A hard-working reference and user guide to the technology AND application of PI, covering fundamentals, industry applications, supplemented by a development and implementation guide * Leading author team, including Professor Colin Ramshaw, developer of the HiGee high-gravity distillation process at ICI, widely credited as the instigator of PI principles
Author: Johan Sjoblom
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420029581
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 766
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Book Description
A discussion of fundamental characteristics, theories and applications for liquid-liquid colloidal dispersions. It profiles experimental and traditional measurement techniques in a variety of emulsified systems, including rheology, nuclear magnetic resonance, dielectric spectroscopy, microcalorimetry, video enhanced microscopy, and conductivity.
Author: Alireza Bahadori
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118731735
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
The global chemical and petroleum industries have always had thechallenge of disposing of chemical wastes, by-products, andresiduals, but with traditional techniques such as deep wellinjection and incineration proving flawed, the need for disposal bylegal, safe and economically effective means has never beengreater. Increasingly, the need to produce without pollution is thepreferred model for industry, and the strategy of wasteminimization is seen as the best way forward. This is particularlyrelevant in the petrochemical and chemical industries, where largequantities of hazardous and toxic wastes are produced which canpose formidable disposal problems. Covering the essentials of treatment, recovery and disposal ofwaste, as well as the requirements for process design andengineering of equipment and facilities in the chemical andpetroleum industries, this book includes chapters on: Wastewater Treatment Physical Unit Operations Chemical Treatment Biological Treatment Wastewater Treatment in Unconventional Oil and GasIndustries Wastewater Sewer Systems Sewage Treatment Solid Waste Treatment and Disposal Primarily aimed at researchers and advanced students in chemical,petroleum, and environmental fields as well as those in civilengineering, this book should also provide a unique reference forindustry practitioners and anyone interested in chemical andpetroleum waste treatment and disposal.
Author: Ramasamy Marappa Gounder
Publisher:
ISBN: 1839684097
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
