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Author: Aboutaleb Golshani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gases
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Author: Aboutaleb Golshani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gases
Languages : en
Pages : 58
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gases
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
![Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Gas Desorption Studies. Volume 1. Design of Experiments. [Open-cycle Power Systems]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/M97YwQEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Seawater deaeration is a process affecting almost all proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) open-cycle power systems. If the noncondensable dissolved air is not removed from a power system, it will accumulate in thecondenser, reduce the effectiveness of condensation, and result in deterioration of system performance. A gas desorption study is being conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) with the goal of mitigating these effects; this study is designed to investigate the vacuum deaeration process for low-temperature OTEC conditions where conventional steam stripping deaeration may not be applicable. The first in a series describing the ORNL studies, this report (1) considers the design of experiments and discusses theories of gas desorption, (2) reviews previous relevant studies, (3) describes the design of a gas desorption test loop, and (4) presents the test plan for achieving program objectives. Results of the first series of verification tests and the uncertainties encountered are also discussed. A packed column was employed in these verification tests and test data generally behaved as in previous similar studies. Results expressed as the height of transfer unit (HTU) can be correlated with the liquid flow rate by HTU = 4.93L° 25. End effects were appreciable for the vacuum deaeration system, and a correlation of them to applied vacuum pressure was derived.
Author: A. Golshani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean thermal power plants
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Seawater deaeration is a process affecting almost all proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) open -cycle power systems. If the non condensable dissolved air is not removed from a power system, it will accumulate in the condenser, reduce the effectiveness of condensation, and result in deterioration of system performance. A gas desorption study was initiated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)to mitigate these effects; this study is designed to investigate the vacuum deaeration process for OTEC conditions where conventional steam -stripping deaeration may not be applicable. Studies were carried out in two areas: (1) vacuum deaeration in a packed column and (2) deaeration in a barometric intake system. As the second in a series describing the ORNL studies, this report (1) reviews previous relevant studies, (2) describes the design of a gas desorption test loop and a barometric intake system, (3) presents the results of vacuum de -aeration in a packed column and a barometric intake system, and (4) discusses the savings that can be achieved when the packed column is combined with the barometric intake system. Vacuum deaeration laboratory experiments using three different kinds of packings in a packed column test section and a series of barometric intake deaeration experiments have been performed. A conceptual OTEC deaeration subsystem design, based on these results, and its implications on an OTEC-open cycle power system are presented.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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This paper reports the results of scoping deaeration experiments conducted with warm surface seawater under open-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC-OTEC). Concentrations of dissolved oxygen in seawater at three locations (in the supply water, water leaving a predeaerator, and discharge water from an evaporator) were measured and used to estimate oxygen desorption levels. The results suggest that 7% to 60% of dissolved oxygen in the supply water was desorbed from seawater in the predeaerator for pressures ranging from 9 to 35 kPa. Bubble injection in the upcomer increased the oxygen desorption rate by 20% to 60%. The dependence of oxygen desorption with flow rate could not be determined. The data also indicated that at typical OC-OTEC evaporator pressures when flashing occurred, 75% to 95% of dissolved oxygen was desorbed overall from the warm seawater. The uncertainty in results is larger than one would desire. These uncertainties are attributed to the uncertainties and difficulties in the dissolved oxygen measurements. Methods to improve the measurements for future gas desorption studies for warm surface and cold deep seawater under OC-OTEC conditions are recommended. 14 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
Author: Ahmad A. Pesaran
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean energy resources
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper reports the results of scoping deaeration experiments conducted with warm surface seawater under open-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC-OTEC). Concentrations of dissolved oxygen in seawater at three locations (in the supply water, water leaving a predeaerator, and discharge water from an evaporator) were measured and used to estimate oxygen desorption levels. The results suggest that 796 to 6096 of dissolved oxygen in the supply water was desorbed from seawater in the predeaerator for pressures ranging from 9 to 3.5 kPa. Bubble injection in the upcomer increased the oxygen desorption rate by 2096 to 6096. The dependence of oxygen desorption with flow rate could not be determined. The data also indicated that at typical OC-OTEC evaporator pressures when flashing occurred, 7.596 to 9.596 of dissolved oxygen was desorbed overall from the warm seawater. The uncertainty in results is larger than one would desire. These uncertainties are attributed to the uncertainties and difficulties in the dissolved oxygen measurements. Methods to improve the measurements for future gas desorption studies for warm surface and cold deep seawater under OC-OTEC conditions are recommended.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The technical community has questioned the validity and cost-effectiveness of open-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC-OTEC) systems because of the unknown effect of noncondensable gas on heat exchanger performance and the power needed to run vacuum equipment to remove this gas. To date, studies of seawater gas desorption have not been prototypical for system level analysis. This study gives preliminary gas desorption data on a vertical spout, direct contact evaporator and multiple condenser geometries. Results indicate that dissolved gas can be substantially removed before the seawater enters the heat exchange process, reducing the uncertainty and effect of inert gas on heat exchanger performance.
Author: Terry R. Penney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean thermal power plants
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This study gives preliminary gas desorption data on a vertical spout, direct contact evaporator and multiple condenser geometries. Results indicate that dissolved gas can be substantially removed before the seawater enters the heat exchange process, reducing the uncertainty and effect of inert gas on heat exchanger performance.
Author: General Electric Company. Center for Advanced Studies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Direct energy conversion
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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