Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 193484974X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Book Description
Neutrosophic Interpretation of The Analects of Confucius 弗羅仁汀•司馬仁達齊,傅昱華 論語的中智學解讀和擴充 —正反及中智論語 English-Chinese Bilingual(英汉双语)
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 193484974X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Book Description
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 193484974X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Book Description
Introduction to Neutrosophic Measure, Neutrosophic Integral, and Neutrosophic Probability
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 159973253X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
Book Description
In this book, we introduce for the first time the notions of neutrosophic measure and neutrosophic integral, and we develop the 1995 notion of neutrosophic probability. We present many practical examples. It is possible to define the neutrosophic measure and consequently the neutrosophic integral and neutrosophic probability in many ways, because there are various types of indeterminacies, depending on the problem we need to solve. Neutrosophics study the indeterminacy. Indeterminacy is different from randomness. It can be caused by physical space materials and type of construction, by items involved in the space, etc.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 159973253X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142
Book Description
In this book, we introduce for the first time the notions of neutrosophic measure and neutrosophic integral, and we develop the 1995 notion of neutrosophic probability. We present many practical examples. It is possible to define the neutrosophic measure and consequently the neutrosophic integral and neutrosophic probability in many ways, because there are various types of indeterminacies, depending on the problem we need to solve. Neutrosophics study the indeterminacy. Indeterminacy is different from randomness. It can be caused by physical space materials and type of construction, by items involved in the space, etc.
The Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers, 1st volume
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1599734680
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
This is the first volume of the Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers, edited from materials offered by the authors who responded to the editor’s invitation. The 78 authors are listed alphabetically. The introduction contains a short history of neutrosophics, together with links to the main papers and books. Neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic measure, neutrosophic precalculus, neutrosophic calculus and so on are gaining significant attention in solving many real life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistent, and indeterminacy. In the past years the fields of neutrosophics have been extended and applied in various fields, such as: artificial intelligence, data mining, soft computing, decision making in incomplete / indeterminate / inconsistent information systems, image processing, computational modelling, robotics, medical diagnosis, biomedical engineering, investment problems, economic forecasting, social science, humanistic and practical achievements.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1599734680
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
This is the first volume of the Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers, edited from materials offered by the authors who responded to the editor’s invitation. The 78 authors are listed alphabetically. The introduction contains a short history of neutrosophics, together with links to the main papers and books. Neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic measure, neutrosophic precalculus, neutrosophic calculus and so on are gaining significant attention in solving many real life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistent, and indeterminacy. In the past years the fields of neutrosophics have been extended and applied in various fields, such as: artificial intelligence, data mining, soft computing, decision making in incomplete / indeterminate / inconsistent information systems, image processing, computational modelling, robotics, medical diagnosis, biomedical engineering, investment problems, economic forecasting, social science, humanistic and practical achievements.
Neutrosophy
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Book Description
Neutrosophic Set - A Generalization of The Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 10
Book Description
In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), paraconsistent set, and intuitionistic set to the neutrosophic set (NS). Many examples are presented. Distinctions between NS and IFS are underlined.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 10
Book Description
In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), paraconsistent set, and intuitionistic set to the neutrosophic set (NS). Many examples are presented. Distinctions between NS and IFS are underlined.
N-Algebraic Structures
Author: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1931233055
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
In this book, for the first time we introduce the notions of N-groups, N-semigroups, N-loops and N-groupoids. We also define a mixed N-algebraic structure. The book is organized into six chapters. The first chapter gives the basic notions of S-semigroups, S-groupoids and S-loops thereby making the book self-contained. Chapter two introduces N-groups and their Smarandache analogues. In chapter three, N-loops and Smarandache N-loops are introduced and analyzed. Chapter four defines N-groupoids and S-N-groupoids. Since the N-semigroup structures are sandwiched between groups and groupoids, the study can be carried out without any difficulty. Mixed N-algebraic structures and S-mixed algebraic structures are given in chapter five. Some problems are suggested in chapter six. It is pertinent to mention that several exercises and problems (Some in the form of proof to the theorems are given in all the chapters.) A reader who attempts to solve them will certainly gain a sound knowledge about these concepts. We have given 50 problems for the reader to solve in chapter 6. The main aim of this book is to introduce new concepts and explain them with examples there by encouraging young mathematics to pursue research in this direction. Several theorems based on the definition can be easily proved with simple modification. Innovative readers can take up that job. Also these notions find their applications in automaton theory and coloring problems. The N-semigroups and N-automaton can be applied to construct finite machines, which can perform multitasks, so their capability would be much higher than the usual automaton of finite machines constructed. We have suggested a list of references for further reading.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1931233055
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
In this book, for the first time we introduce the notions of N-groups, N-semigroups, N-loops and N-groupoids. We also define a mixed N-algebraic structure. The book is organized into six chapters. The first chapter gives the basic notions of S-semigroups, S-groupoids and S-loops thereby making the book self-contained. Chapter two introduces N-groups and their Smarandache analogues. In chapter three, N-loops and Smarandache N-loops are introduced and analyzed. Chapter four defines N-groupoids and S-N-groupoids. Since the N-semigroup structures are sandwiched between groups and groupoids, the study can be carried out without any difficulty. Mixed N-algebraic structures and S-mixed algebraic structures are given in chapter five. Some problems are suggested in chapter six. It is pertinent to mention that several exercises and problems (Some in the form of proof to the theorems are given in all the chapters.) A reader who attempts to solve them will certainly gain a sound knowledge about these concepts. We have given 50 problems for the reader to solve in chapter 6. The main aim of this book is to introduce new concepts and explain them with examples there by encouraging young mathematics to pursue research in this direction. Several theorems based on the definition can be easily proved with simple modification. Innovative readers can take up that job. Also these notions find their applications in automaton theory and coloring problems. The N-semigroups and N-automaton can be applied to construct finite machines, which can perform multitasks, so their capability would be much higher than the usual automaton of finite machines constructed. We have suggested a list of references for further reading.
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps
Author: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1931233764
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 213
Book Description
In a world of chaotic alignments, traditional logic with its strict boundaries of truth and falsity has not imbued itself with the capability of reflecting the reality. Despite various attempts to reorient logic, there has remained an essential need for an alternative system that could infuse into itself a representation of the real world. Out of this need arose the system of Neutrosophy (the philosophy of neutralities, introduced by FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE), and its connected logic Neutrosophic Logic, which is a further generalization of the theory of Fuzzy Logic. In this book we study the concepts of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) and their Neutrosophic analogue, the Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps (NCMs). Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are fuzzy structures that strongly resemble neural networks, and they have powerful and far-reaching consequences as a mathematical tool for modeling complex systems. Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps are generalizations of FCMs, and their unique feature is the ability to handle indeterminacy in relations between two concepts thereby bringing greater sensitivity into the results. Some of the varied applications of FCMs and NCMs which has been explained by us, in this book, include: modeling of supervisory systems; design of hybrid models for complex systems; mobile robots and in intimate technology such as office plants; analysis of business performance assessment; formalism debate and legal rules; creating metabolic and regulatory network models; traffic and transportation problems; medical diagnostics; simulation of strategic planning process in intelligent systems; specific language impairment; web-mining inference application; child labor problem; industrial relations: between employer and employee, maximizing production and profit; decision support in intelligent intrusion detection system; hyper-knowledge representation in strategy formation; female infanticide; depression in terminally ill patients and finally, in the theory of community mobilization and women empowerment relative to the AIDS epidemic.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1931233764
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 213
Book Description
In a world of chaotic alignments, traditional logic with its strict boundaries of truth and falsity has not imbued itself with the capability of reflecting the reality. Despite various attempts to reorient logic, there has remained an essential need for an alternative system that could infuse into itself a representation of the real world. Out of this need arose the system of Neutrosophy (the philosophy of neutralities, introduced by FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE), and its connected logic Neutrosophic Logic, which is a further generalization of the theory of Fuzzy Logic. In this book we study the concepts of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) and their Neutrosophic analogue, the Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps (NCMs). Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are fuzzy structures that strongly resemble neural networks, and they have powerful and far-reaching consequences as a mathematical tool for modeling complex systems. Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps are generalizations of FCMs, and their unique feature is the ability to handle indeterminacy in relations between two concepts thereby bringing greater sensitivity into the results. Some of the varied applications of FCMs and NCMs which has been explained by us, in this book, include: modeling of supervisory systems; design of hybrid models for complex systems; mobile robots and in intimate technology such as office plants; analysis of business performance assessment; formalism debate and legal rules; creating metabolic and regulatory network models; traffic and transportation problems; medical diagnostics; simulation of strategic planning process in intelligent systems; specific language impairment; web-mining inference application; child labor problem; industrial relations: between employer and employee, maximizing production and profit; decision support in intelligent intrusion detection system; hyper-knowledge representation in strategy formation; female infanticide; depression in terminally ill patients and finally, in the theory of community mobilization and women empowerment relative to the AIDS epidemic.
Introduction to Bimatrices
Author: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1931233950
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Book Description
Generally any real-world problem is not always solvable, because in that not only a percentage of uncertainty is present, but also, a certain percentage of indeterminacy is present. The presence of uncertainty has been analyzed using fuzzy logic. In this book the amount of indeterminacy is being analyzed using neutrosophic logic.Most of these models use the concept of matrices. Matrices have certain limitation; when the models are time-dependent and any two experts opinions are being studied simultaneously, one cannot compare both of them at each stage. The new concept of bimatrices would certainly cater to these needs.A bimatrix AB = A1 U B2, where A1 and A2 are distinct matrices of arbitrary order. This book introduces the concept of bimatrices, and studies several notions like bieigen values, bieigen vectors, characteristic bipolynomials, bitransformations, bioperators and bidiagonalization.Further, we introduce and explore the concepts like fuzzy bimatrices, neutrosophic bimatrices and fuzzy neutrosophic bimatrices, which will find its application in fuzzy and neutrosophic logics.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1931233950
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Book Description
Generally any real-world problem is not always solvable, because in that not only a percentage of uncertainty is present, but also, a certain percentage of indeterminacy is present. The presence of uncertainty has been analyzed using fuzzy logic. In this book the amount of indeterminacy is being analyzed using neutrosophic logic.Most of these models use the concept of matrices. Matrices have certain limitation; when the models are time-dependent and any two experts opinions are being studied simultaneously, one cannot compare both of them at each stage. The new concept of bimatrices would certainly cater to these needs.A bimatrix AB = A1 U B2, where A1 and A2 are distinct matrices of arbitrary order. This book introduces the concept of bimatrices, and studies several notions like bieigen values, bieigen vectors, characteristic bipolynomials, bitransformations, bioperators and bidiagonalization.Further, we introduce and explore the concepts like fuzzy bimatrices, neutrosophic bimatrices and fuzzy neutrosophic bimatrices, which will find its application in fuzzy and neutrosophic logics.
Neutrosophic Graphs: A New Dimension to Graph Theory
Author: Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1599733625
Category : Graph theory
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Book Description
Studies to neutrosophic graphs happens to be not only innovative and interesting, but gives a new dimension to graph theory. The classic coloring of edge problem happens to give various results. Neutrosophic tree will certainly find lots of applications in data mining when certain levels of indeterminacy is involved in the problem. Several open problems are suggested.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1599733625
Category : Graph theory
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Book Description
Studies to neutrosophic graphs happens to be not only innovative and interesting, but gives a new dimension to graph theory. The classic coloring of edge problem happens to give various results. Neutrosophic tree will certainly find lots of applications in data mining when certain levels of indeterminacy is involved in the problem. Several open problems are suggested.
Basic Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures and Their Application to Fuzzy and Neutrosophic Models
Author: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 193123387X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 149
Book Description
For the involvement of uncertainty of varying degrees, when the total of the membership degree exceeds one or less than one, then the newer mathematical paradigm shift, Fuzzy Theory proves appropriate.For the past two or three decades, Fuzzy Theory has become the potent tool to study and analyze uncertainty involved in all problems. But, many real world problems also abound with the concept of indeterminacy.In this book, the new, powerful tool of neutrosophy that deals with indeterminacy is utilized. Innovative neutrosophic models are described.The theory of neutrosophic graphs is introduced and applied to fuzzy and neutrosophic models.Neutrosophic Logic and Neutrosophic Set (generalizations of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set respectively) became strong tools for applications.
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 193123387X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 149
Book Description
For the involvement of uncertainty of varying degrees, when the total of the membership degree exceeds one or less than one, then the newer mathematical paradigm shift, Fuzzy Theory proves appropriate.For the past two or three decades, Fuzzy Theory has become the potent tool to study and analyze uncertainty involved in all problems. But, many real world problems also abound with the concept of indeterminacy.In this book, the new, powerful tool of neutrosophy that deals with indeterminacy is utilized. Innovative neutrosophic models are described.The theory of neutrosophic graphs is introduced and applied to fuzzy and neutrosophic models.Neutrosophic Logic and Neutrosophic Set (generalizations of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set respectively) became strong tools for applications.