Motivation and Its Impact on the Performance of Special Olympic Athletes During the 1.5-mile Run PDF Download
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Languages : en
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This research was designed to examine two problems: (a) how the presence of extrinsic motivation affected the performance of two groups of Special Olympic Track athletes on a test of cardiovascular endurance, and (b) assess the athletes' motivational orientation and perceived motivation, and compare these outcomes to their performance on two protocols of the 1.5-mile run. Both of these problems were addressed by using two groups of Track and Field athletes (entitled Medallion and Track) from Manitoba Special Olympics (MSO). Athletes were required to perform two 1.5-mile runs, one with verbal motivation from the coaches and one without. In addition, the athletes training programs were examined to determine if there were any real differences. For this research, Motivational Orientation was determined using the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (Harter, 1982). The Manipulation Check of Perceived Motivation was created to determine the athletes' perceived motivation before and after each 1.5-mile run. Theresults from this research demonstrated that: (a) athletes' performances improved with the presence of extrinsic motivation, (b) there was little difference between the athletes' training programs, (c) motivational orientation did not affect performance, and (d) neither group perceived the effect of motivation any differently than the other. Among others, one conclusion from the research is that extrinsic motivation is needed for a maximal performance, although some athletes do have intrinsic qualities. Previous researchers generally have not illustrated the intrinsic qualities found in athletes with a mental disability.
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Languages : en
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Book Description
This research was designed to examine two problems: (a) how the presence of extrinsic motivation affected the performance of two groups of Special Olympic Track athletes on a test of cardiovascular endurance, and (b) assess the athletes' motivational orientation and perceived motivation, and compare these outcomes to their performance on two protocols of the 1.5-mile run. Both of these problems were addressed by using two groups of Track and Field athletes (entitled Medallion and Track) from Manitoba Special Olympics (MSO). Athletes were required to perform two 1.5-mile runs, one with verbal motivation from the coaches and one without. In addition, the athletes training programs were examined to determine if there were any real differences. For this research, Motivational Orientation was determined using the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (Harter, 1982). The Manipulation Check of Perceived Motivation was created to determine the athletes' perceived motivation before and after each 1.5-mile run. Theresults from this research demonstrated that: (a) athletes' performances improved with the presence of extrinsic motivation, (b) there was little difference between the athletes' training programs, (c) motivational orientation did not affect performance, and (d) neither group perceived the effect of motivation any differently than the other. Among others, one conclusion from the research is that extrinsic motivation is needed for a maximal performance, although some athletes do have intrinsic qualities. Previous researchers generally have not illustrated the intrinsic qualities found in athletes with a mental disability.
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Languages : en
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Author: Coreen Marie Harada
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the motives for participation in and withdrawal from sport of Special Olympics (SO) athletes using the frameworks of motivation in sport for athletes without disabilities. Two theoretical frameworks were applied--achievement motivation and self-determination theory (SDT). In addition, previous studies on the application of SDT to understanding motivation in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) were examined. This study included a nationally representative sample of 1,307 families, 579 SO athletes, and 300 SO coaches from 17 randomly selected states in the United States. Athletes and families were interviewed by telephone by trained interviewers from The Gallup Organization. Coaches were also interviewed by telephone, by the author and trained graduate students. Interviews followed scripted protocols that included questions about demographics, SO participation, and motivation for sport participation and withdrawal. The findings of this study suggest that there is similarity in motivation for sport participation between athletes with and without ID, as compared to the literature. The findings suggest, contrary to the literature on motivation for people with ID, that athletes with ID can be intrinsically motivated. However, there was a dichotomy of reasons for sport withdrawal. SO athletes generally left sport due to one of two reasons, personal interest in sport or other activities or some factor outside of the athlete's control, namely access to a local SO program. It is critical to note the relevance of the latter reason for sport withdrawal as it underscores a striking difference between athletes without disabilities and athletes with ID. In all, the theoretical frameworks of motivation have demonstrated relevance on the motivation for sport participation and withdrawal for athletes with ID. However, withdrawal due to external factors suggests a limitation in the application of the theoretical frameworks to adequately describe sport withdrawal for athletes with ID. Overall the results of this study emphasize that sport can also be a powerful experience for people with ID and promote an empowering message--that athletes are athletes, regardless of disability.
Author: Robert B Sommer
Publisher: Griffin Publishing
ISBN: 9781882180585
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Book Description
This is a collection of short essays by 20 of the finest motivated speakers. Inspired by the determination, spirit and will of Olympic athletes, this book considers these same qualities in terms of the non-Olympic athlete's daily life. People who want to get the most out of their professional and personal lives can tap the same energy that drives Olympic athletes by using the ideas presented in this book. The book is organised into three topic categories: internal process, behaviours, and biographical sketches of winning people. Determining what truly motivates a person, improving on-the-job performances, dealing with adversity, and working effectively with difficult people are some of the themes that are woven throughout the chapters.
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Languages : en
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The primary objectives of this study were to involve Special Olympic athletes in a mental skills training program, replicate the findings of other researchers (Wanlin, Hrycaiko, Martin, & Mahon, 1997), and improve participants' track and field performance, while assessing both practice and competition outcomes. The study attempted to decrease frequency and duration of off-task behaviours, increase self-efficacy of participants, and teach participants mental skills. A single-subject, multiple-baseline design across individuals was used. Participants were four Special Olympic track and field athletes. Frequency and duration of off-task behaviours decreased. Consistency of athletic performance was enhanced as the intervention progressed. The findings of Wanlin et al. (1997) were partially replicated. Athletes had a high rate of goal attainment. There were no significant changes in level of self-efficacy. The social validity assessment indicated the athletes and coach felt positive about the mental skills package.
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Languages : en
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
Runner's World magazine aims to help runners achieve their personal health, fitness, and performance goals, and to inspire them with vivid, memorable storytelling.
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Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1872
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Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 838
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Author: Glyn C. Roberts
Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers
ISBN: 9780880118491
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Book Description
Much like its predecessor, Motivation in Sport and Exercise, Advances in Motivation in Sport and Exercisebrings together several top scholars in sport and exercise psychology to present the latest information on motivational behavior in exercise, physical education, and sport. Each contributor sheds new light on the process of motivation and the variables and constructs that help us to understand why we are motivated or are not motivated. This extensive resource thoroughly examines key motivational concepts such as -self-efficacy, -perceived competence, -achievement goals, -self-determination, and -perception of control. Although the contributors employ different frameworks to examine the subject, each uses a social cognitive perspective on motivation, which makes for a more cohesive book rather than just a collection of articles. The research provides valuable insight on enhancing motivation in physical activities. More important, it should inspire the reader to apply this insight in the gym, in the pool, and on the playing field, where it can truly make a difference in performance. Advances in Motivation in Sport and Exerciseis an excellent reference for professionals in both clinical and applied psychology, particularly those who work with athletes, coaches, teachers, and parents.
