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Author: Caroline Girod-Labianca
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 261
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Book Description
Le clinker, roche synthétique polyphasée, est le constituant principal des ciments Portland. Le silicate tricalcique (C3S) est la phase majoritaire du clinker anhydre et confère l’essentiel des résistances mécaniques du matériau hydraté (béton, mortier). Actuellement, les cimentiers brûlent dans leurs fours des farines animales détruites par les très hautes températures des fours. Toutefois, ces déchets introduisent du phosphore sous forme de cendres qui s’incorporent au clinker en cours de fabrication. Pour comprendre l’effet du phosphore sur les différents états chimiques du matériau, nous avons réalisé des échantillons de C3S dopés avec du P2O5 (0 à 0,9% en poids). L’étude de la structure et la microstructure de ces échantillons anhydres à montré la présence d’une phase supplémentaire de type α’-C2S enrichie en phosphore et localisée aux interfaces des grains de C3S dopés. L’hydratation de ces échantillons, suivie par microcalorimétrie, a monté un effet retardateur du phosphore sur la prise du C3S. Enfin, des essais de résistance mécanique à la compression réalisés sur des éprouvettes de mortier élaborées avec nos échantillons, ont montré que le dopage en phosphore semblait améliorer la résistance en compression du C3S. L’étude thermodynamique vise à comprendre ce qui se passe dans le four lors de la fabrication du clinker. Pour cela, nous avons développé une base de données spécifique aux phases des ciments à partir d’un bilan bibliographique des fonctions thermodynamiques utilisables pour les phases des diagrammes fondamentaux des cimentiers. Ensuite, avec le logiciel Thermo-CALC, nous avons calculé les trois diagrammes de phases pseudo-binaires Al2O3-CaO, Al2O3-SiO2, CaO-SiO2 et le diagramme de phases pseudo-ternaire Al2O3-CaO-SiO2. La comparaison des diagrammes calculés et expérimentaux nous ont permis de montrer la validité de notre base de données dans les domaines de température et de composition de la clinkérisation
Author: Caroline Girod-Labianca
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 261
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Book Description
Le clinker, roche synthétique polyphasée, est le constituant principal des ciments Portland. Le silicate tricalcique (C3S) est la phase majoritaire du clinker anhydre et confère l’essentiel des résistances mécaniques du matériau hydraté (béton, mortier). Actuellement, les cimentiers brûlent dans leurs fours des farines animales détruites par les très hautes températures des fours. Toutefois, ces déchets introduisent du phosphore sous forme de cendres qui s’incorporent au clinker en cours de fabrication. Pour comprendre l’effet du phosphore sur les différents états chimiques du matériau, nous avons réalisé des échantillons de C3S dopés avec du P2O5 (0 à 0,9% en poids). L’étude de la structure et la microstructure de ces échantillons anhydres à montré la présence d’une phase supplémentaire de type α’-C2S enrichie en phosphore et localisée aux interfaces des grains de C3S dopés. L’hydratation de ces échantillons, suivie par microcalorimétrie, a monté un effet retardateur du phosphore sur la prise du C3S. Enfin, des essais de résistance mécanique à la compression réalisés sur des éprouvettes de mortier élaborées avec nos échantillons, ont montré que le dopage en phosphore semblait améliorer la résistance en compression du C3S. L’étude thermodynamique vise à comprendre ce qui se passe dans le four lors de la fabrication du clinker. Pour cela, nous avons développé une base de données spécifique aux phases des ciments à partir d’un bilan bibliographique des fonctions thermodynamiques utilisables pour les phases des diagrammes fondamentaux des cimentiers. Ensuite, avec le logiciel Thermo-CALC, nous avons calculé les trois diagrammes de phases pseudo-binaires Al2O3-CaO, Al2O3-SiO2, CaO-SiO2 et le diagramme de phases pseudo-ternaire Al2O3-CaO-SiO2. La comparaison des diagrammes calculés et expérimentaux nous ont permis de montrer la validité de notre base de données dans les domaines de température et de composition de la clinkérisation
Author: LAURENCE.. CLODIC
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 202
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Book Description
POUR PREDIRE LE COMPORTEMENT CHIMIQUE A LONG TERME D'UN CIMENT PORTLAND, DES SIMULATEURS NUMERIQUES BASES SUR UNE APPROCHE MATHEMATIQUE DE L'HYDRATATION, ONT ETE DEVELOPPES PUIS VALIDES PAR RAPPORT A DES RESULTATS D'EXPERIENCES MENEES PARALLELEMENT. L'APPROCHE EXPERIMENTALE A CONSISTE A ETUDIER DANS UN PREMIER TEMPS DES CAS SIMPLES (HYDRATATION D'UNE SEULE PHASE), PUIS DES CAS PLUS COMPLEXES (DEUX PHASES EN PRESENCE D'ALCALINS), JUSQU'A PARVENIR A DES CAS REELS SUR PATES (CLINKER DE CIMENT). CETTE DEMARCHE A PERMIS DE CARACTERISER LA COMPOSITION DES DIFFERENTES PHASES DU SYSTEME POUR DES ECHEANCES ALLANT DE UN JOUR A UN AN ET, D'IDENTIFIER PAS A PAS LES MECANISMES CHIMIQUES PENDANT L'HYDRATATION. LES SIMULATEURS DE L'HYDRATATION ONT ETE DEVELOPPES A L'AIDE DES PROGICIELS D'AIDE A LA SIMULATION ALLAN#T#M ET NEPTUNIX, EN SE BASANT SUR UNE APPROCHE THERMODYNAMIQUE ET CINETIQUE. POUR LA MODELISATION CHIMIQUE, LE SYSTEME, CONSIDERE COMME UN MELANGE HOMOGENE, SANS GEOMETRIE DEFINIE, EST DECOMPOSE PAR PHASES (SOLIDES, GAZ ET LIQUIDES). LES PARAMETRES DE SIMULATION SONT AJUSTES SUR LES TROIS PREMIERES ECHEANCES (UN JOUR, UNE SEMAINE ET UN MOIS) PUIS LA MODELISATION EST POURSUIVIE JUSQU'A UN AN ET COMPAREE AVEC LES RESULTATS DES EXPERIENCES MENEES SUR CETTE DUREE. L'APPROCHE UTILISEE, EN CONSIDERANT NOTAMMENT UN GEL C-S-H DE COMPOSITION CONSTANTE, FOURNIT DE BONS RESULTATS. ELLE FAIT CEPENDANT APPARAITRE L'IMPORTANCE DES INCERTITUDES SUR LA DETERMINATION DE LA COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE DU SYSTEME
Author: H. R. Sasse
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 792
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Book Description
Preface Adhesion is a phenomenon architects and civil engineers are not very familiar with. In other disciplines knowledge about surface properties and the background of bonding energies is also far from satisfactory; nevertheless there are many important· applications in concrete engineering, where adhesion is necessary for success and durability. These include: - coating and painting - repair of concrete surfaces - bonding of fresh to old concrete - crack injection - glueing of precast elements - glueing of steel to concrete, etc. In 1981 RILEM established the technical committee 52-RAC 'Resin Adherence to Concrete'. The main aims of the committee's work were - to collect research results and practical experiences - to initiate and coordinate research programs - to develop, on a scientific base, test methods for field and for laboratory purposes. One of the results of the committee's work is a state-of-the-art report, which will be presented orally as a General Report at the International Symposium ISAP '86, and will be printed either in the RILEM journal Materials and Structures or separately. Several test recommendations have been elaborated and will be prepared as drafts for the participants ofISAP '86. These are: - direct tensile test - pull-off test - direct shear test - slant shear test - four-point bending test - dynamic loading test - thermal compatibility test (two versions) - injectibility test.
Author: Arun S. Wagh
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 008100396X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramics brings together the latest developments in chemically bonded phosphate ceramics (CBPCs), including several novel ceramics, from US Federal Laboratories such as Argonne, Oak Ridge, and Brookhaven National Laboratories, as well as Russian and Ukrainian nuclear institutes. Coupled with further advances in their use as biomaterials, these materials have found uses in diverse fields in recent years. Applications range from advanced structural materials to corrosion and fire protection coatings, oil-well cements, stabilization and encapsulation of hazardous and radioactive waste, nuclear radiation shielding materials, and products designed for safe storage of nuclear materials. Such developments call for a single source to cover their science and applications. This book is a unique and comprehensive source to fulfil that need. In the second edition, the author covers the latest developments in nuclear waste containment and introduces new products and applications in areas such as biomedical implants, cements and coatings used in oil-well and other petrochemical applications, and flame-retardant anti-corrosion coatings. - Explores the key applications of CBPCs including nuclear waste storage, oil-well cements, anticorrosion coatings and biomedical implants - Demystifies the chemistry, processes and production methods of CBPCs - Draws on 40 years of developments and applications in the field, including the latest developments from USA, Europe, Ukraine, Russia, China and India
Author: Olga Fabrichnaya
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540140184
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
This book presents thermodynamic data on oxides in the system MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2. These data are produced by a process of assessment that involves the integration of thermochemical (calorimetric) and phase equilibrium data. The latter have been selected from a number of publications in high-pressure research conducted at pressures and temperatures in the range of 1 bar to several Giga Pascals and 300 to 2500 K respectively. A unique feature of the database is that the assessment involves not only the thermodynamic data on pure end member species, but also the data on multicomponent solutions. Since the solution description follows the format used in the popular thermodynamic computational packages such as FACTSAGE, ChemSage and Thermocalc, the database is easy to incorporate in the currently used databases in these packages. The database is highly useful to those working in the field of metallurgy (e.g. slags) and ceramics. It is essential for all those who do thermodynamic modeling of the terrestrial planetary interiors.
Author: Franco Tassi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662480050
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive description of the volcanological, petrological and geochemical features of the Copahue volcano, located at the border between Argentina and Chile. Scientific studies are limited for this volcanic system, due to its remote location and difficult access in winter. However, Copahue is one of the most active volcanic systems in the southern Andes. Monitoring the volcano's activity is of utter importance, as it provides means of existence for the nearby village of the same name, hosting the world's highest-located hot-springs resort. This book's aim is to present the current monitoring activities, and to describe future research programs that are planned in order to mitigate volcanic hazards. Special attention is therefore devoted to the social and industrial activities close to the volcano, such as health therapies and geothermal energy exploitation. In a special section, the Copahue volcano is presented as a terrestrial modern analog for early-Earth and Mars environments.
Author: S.N. Ghosh
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9788188305049
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
This volume is the outcome of a critical review of the most important and useful aspects of science and technology of cement. The contents present a combination of cement chemistry including mathematical modelling, manufacture showing geology of limestone and other raw materials, concrete and other blends, instrumental analysis showing thermoanalytical techniques, and x-rays. This publication should be of specific interest to students and researchers, material scientists, cement chemists and technical personnel, and engineers in cement and concrete industry and laboratories.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: V.I. Babushkin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642693229
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The intensification of the production of silicate materials and products makes a de tailed theoretical study of the processes underlying their manufacture and service more and more urgent. The thermodynamic method is of great importance for studying chemical reac tions of silicate technology. Together with a study of the rate and mechanism of sub stance transfer, it permits obtaining necessary data for the efficient operation of technological processes. The progress of science in recent years has solved numerous problems in the field of the physical chemistry of silicates. The great progress in deciphering silicate structures, and working out methods of the synthesis of minerals and studying their properties must be mentioned. New methods of determining thermic constants have appeared. In future these methods should be more widely used for determining the heats of the silicate forma tion and related compounds in crystalline and vitreous state. This concerns in par ticular the system - CaO - Ab03 - Fe203 - Si0 - H 0 -which is of great impor 2 2 tance for the technology of cement and concrete, ceramics, refractories and glass.
Author: I. Barin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662022931
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 950
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Book Description
For the practical application of thermochemistry to the development and control of tech nical processes, the data for as many substances as possible are needed in conjunction with rapid and simple methods of calculating equilibrium constants, heat balances and the EMF of galvanic cells. For these three types of calculation the following three ther modynamic functions are suitable: The Planck function, the enthalpy and the Gibbs free energy, which are here defined and tabulated as unambigous functions of temperature for pure substances. The first edition of the tables was published in 1973 under the title "Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances". The present supplementary volume contains the data and functions for a further 800 inorganic substances. In addition, the data for about 250 substances from the first volume have been up-dated. These usually small corrections produce better consistency with the data from more recent publications. The comments of users and reviewers of the first volume have largely been concerned with the difference between the present thermodynamic functions and the system used in the JANAF tables, the somewhat unconventional handling of heat balances adopted here, the notation of cell reactions, the description of non-stoichiometric phases and the accuracy of the tabulated data. To answer these questions and criticims the theore tical concepts and the practical use of the tables are dealt with in more detail in the introduction, following the recommendation of some reviewers.
