Misclassification of Smoking Habits and Passive Smoking

Misclassification of Smoking Habits and Passive Smoking PDF Author: P.N. Lee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642738222
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Book Description
How accurate are statements about smoking habits? This book presents the results of a comprehensive review in which the literature on the subject is newly interpreted. It is shown that smokers are misclassified as non-smokers in epidemiological studies often enough to explain the increased lung cancer risk seen in self-reported non-smokers in relation to their spouse's smoking habits. This study overturns the commonly held view that increased risk is a consequence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and highlights the difficulty of making valid inferences from epidemiological data. No-one should draw conclusions about passive smoking before reading this book!

Misclassification of Smoking Habits and Passive Smoking

Misclassification of Smoking Habits and Passive Smoking PDF Author: P.N. Lee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642738222
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Book Description
How accurate are statements about smoking habits? This book presents the results of a comprehensive review in which the literature on the subject is newly interpreted. It is shown that smokers are misclassified as non-smokers in epidemiological studies often enough to explain the increased lung cancer risk seen in self-reported non-smokers in relation to their spouse's smoking habits. This study overturns the commonly held view that increased risk is a consequence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and highlights the difficulty of making valid inferences from epidemiological data. No-one should draw conclusions about passive smoking before reading this book!

Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Environmental Tobacco Smoke PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309074568
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 351

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Book Description
This comprehensive book examines the recent research investigating the characteristics and composition of different types of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and discusses possible health effects of ETS. The volume presents an overview of methods used to determine exposures to environmental smoke and reviews both chronic and acute health effects. Many recommendations are made for areas of further research, including the differences between smokers and nonsmokers in absorbing, metabolizing, and excreting the components of ETS, and the possible effects of ETS exposure during childhood and fetal life.

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects PDF Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309138396
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease PDF Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728

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Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Misclassification of Smoking Habits and Passive Smoking

Misclassification of Smoking Habits and Passive Smoking PDF Author: Peter N. Lee
Publisher: Springer Verlag
ISBN: 9780387194257
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 103

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Book Description


A Review of Human Carcinogens

A Review of Human Carcinogens PDF Author: IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Conference
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carcinogens
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description


Smoking and Health

Smoking and Health PDF Author: United States. Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Smoking
Languages : en
Pages : 406

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Book Description


Smoking, Personality, and Stress

Smoking, Personality, and Stress PDF Author: Hans J. Eysenck
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461244404
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 169

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Book Description
It is often suggested that the incidence of cancer and coronary heart disease could be much reduced or even eliminated if only people would stop smoking cigarettes and eat fewer high-cholesterol foods. The evidence, however, shows that such views are simplistic and unrealistic and that, instead, cancer and CHD are the product of many risk factors acting synergistically. Psychosocial factors (stress, personality) are six times as predictive as smoking, cholesterol level or blood pressure and much more responsive to prophylactic treatment. This book admits that, while smoking is a risk factor for cancer and CHD, its effects have been exaggerated. A more realistic appraisal of a very complex chain of events incorporating many diverse factors is given, and appropriate action to prevent cancer and coronary heart disease is discussed.

Histological Typing of Urinary Bladder Tumours

Histological Typing of Urinary Bladder Tumours PDF Author: F.K. Mostofi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642598714
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Book Description
This text reflects the revised WHO classification and terminology. One major change is in the introduction of a new category: papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. Many of the tumours previously designated as papillary transitional cell carcinoma, grade I now fall into that category. Another major change is in the designation of flat lesions, and this includes a definition of carcinoma in situ. Furthermore, a number of variant forms of urothelials carcinomas are included as well as new entities not recognized when the 1st edition was issued.

Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine PDF Author: Hung N. Winn
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781850707981
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 980

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Book Description
Maternal-fetal medicine has evolved over the last three decades to become a well-established discipline. The current understanding of maternal physiology and pathophysiology has allowed us to obtain more accurate diagnoses and to provide more effective treatments of medical, surgical, and obstetrical maternal complications. More importantly, the fetus has become a distinct individual whose in utero environment has become much more accessible to study, diagnose, and treatment. Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine addresses the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of common medical and obstetrical maternal complications and fetal complications. It provides a concise and timely review of clinically relevant topics in this discipline. The textbook is a comprehensive reference covering the wide range of disciplines that make up maternal-fetal medicine.