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Author: J. Dupuy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468408593
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
What did we have in mind when in May, 1976, we (Professor de Gennes, Dr. Tourand and ourselves) thought of a Summer School in the field of liquids? First, we wanted to present and discuss the new results that have been obtained recently, in particular at the high flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble since it became operational in 1972. In order to achieve this goal, the major part of this Summer School was devoted to an ex tensive presentation of the gen~ra1 concepts and methods of study ing this state of matter (time-dependent correlation functions, molecular dynamics, intermolecular forces, spectroscopic tech niques ••• ) and concentrated on a few specific systems which have seen significant development in the last few years, both theoret ically and experimentally. These systems are the different classes of simple liquids: metallic liquids, ionic liquids, simple molecu lar liquids and the new field of superionic conductors (solid electrolytes). Furthermore, we wanted to put some emphasis on a particular research area in the field of liquids, namely critical phenomena in fluids. This was chosen both because of our personal interest in this field and the major theoretical advances which have occurred in the last ten years. We also wished that some new powerful techniques or new theo retical approaches be presented at this School. Thus, picosecond laser techniques, theoretical calculations on dipolar fluids, and angular correlations in molecular liquids were the subject of specific seminars.
Author: J. Dupuy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468408593
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 520
Get Book Here
Book Description
What did we have in mind when in May, 1976, we (Professor de Gennes, Dr. Tourand and ourselves) thought of a Summer School in the field of liquids? First, we wanted to present and discuss the new results that have been obtained recently, in particular at the high flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble since it became operational in 1972. In order to achieve this goal, the major part of this Summer School was devoted to an ex tensive presentation of the gen~ra1 concepts and methods of study ing this state of matter (time-dependent correlation functions, molecular dynamics, intermolecular forces, spectroscopic tech niques ••• ) and concentrated on a few specific systems which have seen significant development in the last few years, both theoret ically and experimentally. These systems are the different classes of simple liquids: metallic liquids, ionic liquids, simple molecu lar liquids and the new field of superionic conductors (solid electrolytes). Furthermore, we wanted to put some emphasis on a particular research area in the field of liquids, namely critical phenomena in fluids. This was chosen both because of our personal interest in this field and the major theoretical advances which have occurred in the last ten years. We also wished that some new powerful techniques or new theo retical approaches be presented at this School. Thus, picosecond laser techniques, theoretical calculations on dipolar fluids, and angular correlations in molecular liquids were the subject of specific seminars.
Author: Jannis Samios
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402023847
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
The unique behavior of the "liquid state", together with the richness of phenomena that are observed, render liquids particularly interesting for the scientific community. Note that the most important reactions in chemical and biological systems take place in solutions and liquid-like environments. Additionally, liquids are utilized for numerous industrial applications. It is for these reasons that the understanding of their properties at the molecular level is of foremost interest in many fields of science and engineering. What can be said with certainty is that both the experimental and theoretical studies of the liquid state have a long and rich history, so that one might suppose this to be essentially a solved problem. It should be emphasized, however, that although, for more than a century, the overall scientific effort has led to a considerable progress, our understanding of the properties of the liquid systems is still incomplete and there is still more to be explored. Basic reason for this is the "many body" character of the particle interactions in liquids and the lack of long-range order, which introduce in liquid state theory and existing simulation techniques a number of conceptual and technical problems that require specific approaches. Also, many of the elementary processes that take place in liquids, including molecular translational, rotational and vibrational motions (Trans. -Rot. -Vib. coupling), structural relaxation, energy dissipation and especially chemical changes in reactive systems occur at different and/or extremely short timescales.
Author: Norman Henry March
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 9780486665986
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
Distinguished work by two noted authorities covers static structure and thermodynamics, calculation of liquid structure from a law of force, binary fluids, charged fluids, much more. 1976 edition.
Author: Jean-Pierre Hansen
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080571018
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 569
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Book Description
This book gives a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the theory of "simple" liquids. The new second edition has been rearranged and considerably expanded to give a balanced account both of basic theory and of the advances of the past decade. It presents the main ideas of modern liquid state theory in a way that is both pedagogical and self-contained. The book should be accessible to graduate students and research workers, both experimentalists and theorists, who have a good background in elementary mechanics. - Compares theoretical deductions with experimental results - Molecular dynamics - Monte Carlo computations - Covers ionic, metallic, and molecular liquids
Author: Paola Gallo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030683494
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This book offers a didactic and a self-contained treatment of the physics of liquid and flowing matter with a statistical mechanics approach. Experimental and theoretical methods that were developed to study fluids are now frequently applied to a number of more complex systems generically referred to as soft matter. As for simple liquids, also for complex fluids it is important to understand how their macroscopic behavior is determined by the interactions between the component units. Moreover, in recent years new and relevant insights have emerged from the study of anomalous phases and metastable states of matter. In addition to the traditional topics concerning fluids in normal conditions, the authors of this book discuss recent developments in the field of disordered systems in condensed and soft matter. In particular they emphasize computer simulation techniques that are used in the study of soft matter and the theories and study of slow glassy dynamics. For these reasons the book includes a specific chapter about metastability, supercooled liquids and glass transition. The book is written for graduate students and active researchers in the field.
Author: Fujie Tang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811389659
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
This book focuses on the study of the interfacial water using molecular dynamics simulation and experimental sum frequency generation spectroscopy. It proposes a new definition of the free O-H groups at water-air interface and presents research on the structure and dynamics of these groups. Furthermore, it discusses the exponential decay nature of the orientation distribution of the free O-H groups of interfacial water and ascribes the origin of the down pointing free O-H groups to the presence of capillary waves on the surface. It also describes how, based on this new definition, a maximum surface H-bond density of around 200 K at ice surface was found, as the maximum results from two competing effects. Lastly, the book discusses the absorption of water molecules at the water–TiO2 interface. Providing insights into the combination of molecular dynamics simulation and experimental sum frequency generation spectroscopy, it is a valuable resource for researchers in the field.
Author: Frances M. Ross
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107116570
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529
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Book Description
2.6.2 Electrodes for Electrochemistry
Author: Francesca D’Anna
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889630056
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Sustainability, defined as the way to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future ones to meet their own, is one of the main challenges of modern society. Within this context, chemistry plays a significant role, and solvent nature as well as its environmental impact are pivotal issues frequently addressed. Ionic liquids, i.e. organic salts that have melting temperatures lower than 100 °C, have been frequently hailed as alternatives to conventional organic solvents. Their greenness has been mainly ascribed to their low vapor pressure and flammability. However, in addition to this, their high solubilizing ability and low miscibility with conventional organic solvents frequently allow for reducing the amount used, as well as for their recycling. Ionic liquids, especially the ones featured by aromatic cations, are frequently described as “polymeric supramolecular fluids” constructed through the establishment of feeble but cooperative supramolecular interactions like Coulomb and π-π interactions, as well as hydrogen bonds. In general, ionic liquids are also indicated as “designer solvents” as it is possible to tailor their features to specific applications by simply modifying their cation or anion structure. In this way, small changes in the ion’s structure can give rise to solvents showing very different properties. The above premises widely justify the growing interest in the properties and applications of ionic liquids, seen in recent literature (according to Scopus, more than 27,000 papers published in the last five years have “ionic liquids” as a keyword). Thanks to their properties, they have been variously used as solvent media, solvents for the obtainment of gel phases, components in the building of dye-sensitized solar cells, media for the preparation of thermochromic materials, etc. This Research Topic aims to present how structural features can determine not only the properties of ionic liquids, but also their possible employment. In this latter case, the interest arises from their ability to affect the outcome of a given reaction in terms of rate, yield, and nature of the products obtained for general use in the field of materials chemistry. This article collection is dedicated to Prof. Kenneth R. Seddon for his outstanding contribution to the formation and development of the ionic liquids community.
Author: Biman Bagchi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107037298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
A unified overview of the dynamical properties of water and its unique and diverse role in biological and chemical processes.
Author:
Publisher: Agata Olariu
ISBN: 9732711817
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
