Microsatellite DNA Marker Aided Diversity Analysis in Confectionery Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.). PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Genetic diversity among 48 genotypes of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) collected from USDA, USA and India were evaluated by using microsatellite SSR markers. Twenty five sunflower specific SSR primers were used. Of the 25 SSR primers used, 10 primer pairs ( ORS331, ORS694, ORS728, ORS785, ORS807, ORS878, ORS 378, ORS1265,ORS1265,ORS1242) showed polymorphism. The high level of polymorphism (66.66%) was reported in this finding and the number of alleles in SSR loci ranged from 2 to 4 with an average of 2.5. The present study identifies the promising lines EC 734807, EC 734808,EC 734810,EC734860 and EC 734817 for protein and yield, these can be used as potential donors in future hybridization programme.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Genetic diversity among 48 genotypes of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) collected from USDA, USA and India were evaluated by using microsatellite SSR markers. Twenty five sunflower specific SSR primers were used. Of the 25 SSR primers used, 10 primer pairs ( ORS331, ORS694, ORS728, ORS785, ORS807, ORS878, ORS 378, ORS1265,ORS1265,ORS1242) showed polymorphism. The high level of polymorphism (66.66%) was reported in this finding and the number of alleles in SSR loci ranged from 2 to 4 with an average of 2.5. The present study identifies the promising lines EC 734807, EC 734808,EC 734810,EC734860 and EC 734817 for protein and yield, these can be used as potential donors in future hybridization programme.
Author: K. Kamuraiah
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: Melaku Ayele Gedil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sunflowers
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
The level of polymorphisms of many biochemical and DNA markers are low in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The number of mapped public DNA markers is limited. Molecular markers have not been developed for the most important diseases of sunflower, such as downy mildew. The objectives of this study were (i) to help alleviate the problem of low DNA marker polymorphisms by developing simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, (ii) to build an integrated AFLP-RFLP linkage map by using previously described probes and newly developed AFLPs, and (iii) to clone and characterize candidate disease resistance genes. Forty-four polymorphic SSR markers were developed from a genomic DNA library. Diversity analysis of these SSRs for variability among 10 public inbred lines produced an average of 1.86 alleles per locus and mean heterozygosity of 0.21. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 5. Trinucleotide SSRs were less polymorphic than dinucleotide and mononucleotide SSRs. Cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling separated elite inbred lines from wild species. There was more polymorphism in wild species than in elite lines. Three hundred and six AFLP markers were developed using 18 primer combinations. Two sets of previously mapped RFLP markers were tested for segregation in an F2 mapping population. A total of 401 markers were assigned to 17 linkage groups covering 1326 cM with a mean spacing of 3.3 cM between adjacent markers. The RFLP markers were well spaced and well distributed throughout the genome. Some linkage groups are sparsely populated with common markers. There were two gaps of 30 or more cM in two linkage groups. We cloned candidate disease resistance genes for downy mildew resistance based on sequence homology among resistance genes in other species. Eleven unique nucleotide binding sequence (NBS) containing clones were isolated and showed similarity to the corresponding domains of cloned disease resistance genes in other plant species. Seven clones mapped to four linkage groups and identified nine loci. A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker that was 3.7 cM from the Pl1 resistance gene was developed by analysis of NILs. This CAPS marker should facilitate marker-assisted selection in sunflower.
Author: Dragana Miladinović
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889630684
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Author: MANJULA K
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Author: Jinguo Hu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN:
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
Combining traditional research with modern molecular investigations on the sunflower crop, this book expounds on the wealth of genomic research currently under investigation. Providing detailed information on genetic markers, DNA sequences, and genomic resources for both major sunflower crops (oilseed sunflower which supplies ten percent of the world's plant-derived edible oils and confection-type sunflower which constitutes a significant portion of the directly consumed snacks market), this text draws on the research of world-renowned experts to give scientists the crucial information necessary to expedite the genetic improvement of this important crop.
Author: Michael Lynn Kirsch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heterosis
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
![Evaluation of Genotypes Fpr Genetic Diversity and Selection Parameters in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) [With CD Copy] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/0UsrrgEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Reena Rani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Author: Chathurani Anushala Ranathunge Arachchige
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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The genetic mechanisms by which natural populations maintain abundant phenotypic variation and adapt to their local environments remains a controversial topic in evolutionary biology. An intriguing mechanism involving highly mutable microsatellites, the “tuning knob” model, proposes that stepwise changes in microsatellite allele lengths generate phenotypic variation in a stepwise manner. In this study, I explored the predictions of the tuning knob model with transcribed microsatellites within and among natural populations of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) transecting a latitudinal cline. An RNA-Seq experiment was conducted on 95 individuals from Kansas and Oklahoma grown in a common garden. Enrichment of microsatellites within differentially expressed (DE) genes was assessed. The results showed that A and AG repeat-containing microsatellites are enriched within DE genes and that 83.5% of these microsatellites are located within untranslated regions (UTRs). This finding is consistent with a role for transcribed microsatellites in gene expression divergence. RNA-Seq data were then used to assess microsatellite allele length effects on gene expression. Of the microsatellites characterized in a reference transcriptome, 3,325 were genotyped. Of these, 479 microsatellites at which allele length significantly correlated with gene expression (eSTRs) were identified. When irregular allele sizes were removed from the analysis, the number of eSTRs rose to 2379. eSTRs were most abundant within UTRs (70.4%) which suggests that they are well-positioned as cis-regulatory elements. A population genetic study conducted with 672 individuals across 17 sunflower populations from Saskatchewan to Oklahoma revealed strong signatures of directional selection acting on 13 eSTRs compared to 19 anonymous microsatellites assumed to evolve in a neutral fashion. This demonstrates that longer or shorter alleles may be favored in more extreme environments to that considered in the focal study. A second common garden experiment conducted with populations further north and south of focal populations revealed consistent patterns of correlation between microsatellite allele length and gene expression at some eSTRs. This study provides evidence that transcribed microsatellites function as “tuning knobs” of adaptation in common sunflower by modulating gene expression. These findings imply that the genomes of natural populations may include hundreds of active tuning knobs that can facilitate rapid evolution.
Author: Carrie Freeman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Genetic polymorphisms
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common DNA polymorphisms in plant and animal genomes. SNPs were identified in the allele sequences of up to 12 sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes for a genome-wide sample of 81 loci originally mapped using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. The RFLP loci anchor a dense RFLP linkage map and second-generation linkage maps constructed using simple sequence repeats and other high-throughput DNA markers. The goal of this study was to develop high-throughput SNP markers for the cDNA-RFLP loci for linkage mapping, diversity analysis, and molecular breeding and genomics research. The specific objectives were to: (i) develop FP-TDI or fluorescent primer-extension SNP assays for the cDNA-RFLP loci; (ii) validate the SNP markers by screening 12 sequenced (reference) genotypes; and (iii) assess the utility and polymorphism rate of the SNP markers across a genetically diverse panel of unsequenced wild and domesticated sunflower genotypes. SNP markers were successfully developed for 44 of the targeted 49 cDNA-RFLP loci. Thirty-one of the SNP markers were further selected for a diversity analysis across a genetically diverse panel of wild and domesticated sunflower genotypes. The mean heterozygosity (H) score for the loci was 0.41, which nears the maximum H score of 0.5 for biallelic markers. SNPs in this study exhibited polymorphism rates close to those of RFLP and SSR markers in inbred sunflower lines.
