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Languages : en
Pages : 14
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801The Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) has designed and is currently constructing an on-site, hot gas desulfurization (HGD) Process Development Unit (PDU). The PDU is designed to use regenerable solid metal oxide sorbents that absorb hydrogen sulfide from high-temperature, high-pressure simulated coal-gasification fuel gas that is generated by a METC-designed syngas generator. The simulated coal gas is a mixture of partially combusted natural gas, water, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. PDU process conditions will be representative of anticipated commercial applications in terms of temperatures, pressures, compositions, velocities, and sorbent cycling. The PDU supports the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) mission at METC by providing a test bed for development of IGCC cleanup systems that offer low capital cost, operating costs, and costs of electricity. METC intends to develop additional industrial involvement opportunities as the project progresses towards operations. Objectives The primary objectives of the PDU are to: (1) fill the gap between small-scale testing and large-scale demonstration projects by providing a cost effective test site for transport and fluid-bed desulfurization reactor and sorbent development, (2) demonstrate sorbent suitability over a wide range of parameters and (3) generate significant information on process control for transport and fluidized bed based desulfurization. PDU data is expected to be used to optimize process performance by expanding the experience for larger-scale demonstration projects, such as Sierra Pacific Power Company's Clean Coal Technology project.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
801The Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) has designed and is currently constructing an on-site, hot gas desulfurization (HGD) Process Development Unit (PDU). The PDU is designed to use regenerable solid metal oxide sorbents that absorb hydrogen sulfide from high-temperature, high-pressure simulated coal-gasification fuel gas that is generated by a METC-designed syngas generator. The simulated coal gas is a mixture of partially combusted natural gas, water, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. PDU process conditions will be representative of anticipated commercial applications in terms of temperatures, pressures, compositions, velocities, and sorbent cycling. The PDU supports the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) mission at METC by providing a test bed for development of IGCC cleanup systems that offer low capital cost, operating costs, and costs of electricity. METC intends to develop additional industrial involvement opportunities as the project progresses towards operations. Objectives The primary objectives of the PDU are to: (1) fill the gap between small-scale testing and large-scale demonstration projects by providing a cost effective test site for transport and fluid-bed desulfurization reactor and sorbent development, (2) demonstrate sorbent suitability over a wide range of parameters and (3) generate significant information on process control for transport and fluidized bed based desulfurization. PDU data is expected to be used to optimize process performance by expanding the experience for larger-scale demonstration projects, such as Sierra Pacific Power Company's Clean Coal Technology project.
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Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Languages : en
Pages : 213
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Designs for advanced integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power systems call for desulfurization of carbonaceous fuel-derived synthesis gas (syngas) using regenerable sorbents at high-temperature, high pressure (HTHP) conditions. Regeneration of the sulfided sorbent using an oxygen-containing gas stream or air results in a sulfur dioxide (SO2)-containing offgas at HTHP conditions. The patented Direct Sulfur Recovery Process (DSRP) developed by RTI with support from the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and its precursor organizations [Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC) and Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC)] efficiently converts the SO2 in this offgas to elemental sulfur. Under development since 1988, the original work was conducted in a laboratory with simulated laboratory gas mixtures. The Direct Sulfur Recovery Process is a catalytic reduction process for efficiently converting to elemental sulfur up to 98% or more of the sulfur dioxide (SO2) contained in the regeneration offgas streams produced in advanced integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power systems. The DSRP reacts the regeneration offgas with a small slipstream of syngas to effect the desired reduction. In this project, the DSRP was demonstrated with actual coal-derived syngas (as opposed to the simulated laboratory mixtures used in previous projects for the original development work) in 75-mm (3-in) and 125-mm (5-in) fixed- and fluid-bed reactors. This report focuses primarily on the slipstream testing of a skid-mounted DSRP field-test unit that utilized the 125 mm (5-in) fluid-bed reactor. This slipstream testing was conducted at the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Power System Development Facility (PSDF) in Wilsonville, Alabama in conjunction with their coal gasification tests. The earlier work with 75 mm (3-in) reactors has been previously reported in detail. Thus, only the highlights of this earlier work will be reported in the main body of this report.
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Languages : en
Pages : 9
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METC is constructing an on-site, hot-gas desulfurization (HGD) process development unit (PDU) to support the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power systems program. With industrial participation, this PDU will be used for the further development of fluid-bed and transport reactor HGD configurations. The fluid-bed absorber and regenerator in the PDU were designed to operate in a turbulent as well as a bubbling regime. In addition, when encouraging results from a small-scale transport reactor unit became known, the decision was made to incorporate transport reactor provisions on both the sulfidation and regeneration sides of the PDU. With completion of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documentation requirements, the preliminary process and equipment design, and the April groundbreaking to prepare the project site, the project is now proceeding at a faster, more visible pace. Equipment installation should be completed in about 2 years. This report describes the project.
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Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Advanced integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants nearing completion, such as Sierra-Pacific, employ a circulating fluidized-bed (transport) reactor hot-gas desulfurization (HGD) process that uses 70-180 [mu]m average particle size (aps) zinc-based mixed-metal oxide sorbent for removing H2S from coal gas down to less than 20 ppmv. The sorbent undergoes cycles of absorption (sulfidation) and air regeneration. The key barrier issues associated with a fluidized-bed HGD process are chemical degradation, physical attrition, high regeneration light-off (initiation) temperature, and high cost of the sorbent. Another inherent complication in all air-regeneration-based HGD processes is the disposal of the problematic dilute SO2 containing regeneration tail-gas. Direct Sulfur Recovery Process (DSRP), a leading first generation technology, efficiently reduces this SO2 to desirable elemental sulfur, but requires the use of 1-3 % of the coal gas, thus resulting in an energy penalty to the plant. Advanced second-generation processes are under development that can reduce this energy penalty by modifying the sorbent so that it could be directly regenerated to elemental sulfur. The objective of this research is to support the near and long term DOE efforts to commercialize the IGCC-HGD process technology. Specifically we aim to develop: optimized low-cost sorbent materials with 70-80 [mu]m average aps meeting all Sierra specs; attrition resistant sorbents with 170 [mu]m aps that allow greater flexibility in the choice of the type of fluidized-bed reactor e.g. they allow increased throughput in a bubbling-bed reactor; and modified fluidizable sorbent materials that can be regenerated to produce elemental sulfur directly with minimal or no use of coal gas. The effort during the reporting period has been devoted to testing the FHR-32 sorbent. FHR-32 sorbent was tested for 50 cycles of sulfidation in a laboratory scale reactor.
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Languages : en
Pages : 4
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The process development unit (PDU) being constructed at METC will fill the strategic role of bridging the gap between post/current small-scale testing and future large-scale demonstrations. With the capability for both fluid-bed and transport reactor contacting, the project will provide a site for testing/proving hot gas desulfurization (HGD) process configurations and demonstrating sorbent suitability. Process conditions will be representative of anticipated commercial applications in terms of temperatures, pressures, compositions, velocities, and sorbent cycling.
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Languages : en
Pages : 11
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The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC), is sponsoring research in advanced methods for controlling contaminants in hot coal gasifier gas (coal gas) streams of integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) power systems. Through bench-scale development, both fluidized-bed zinc titanate and Direct Sulfur Recovery Process (DSRP) technologies have been shown to be technically and economically attractive. In the zinc titanate approach, sulfur dioxide is the produced and must be disposed of in an environmentally sound manner. In the DSRP, elemental sulfur is the catalytic product.
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Languages : en
Pages : 5
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This overview provides a frame of reference for the Morgantown Energy Technology Center's (METC'S) on-going hot gas desulfurization research. Although there are several methods to separate contaminant gases from fuel gases, that method receiving primary development is absorption through the use of metal oxides. Research into high-temperature and high-pressure control of sulfur species includes primarily those sorbents made of mixed-metal oxides, which offer the advantages of regenerability. These are predominantly composed of zinc and are made into media that can be utilized in reactors of either fixed-bed, moving-bed, fluidized-bed, or transport configurations. Zinc Ferrite (ZnO-Fe2O3), Zinc Titanate (ZnO-TiO2), Z-SORP{reg_sign}, and METC-2/METC-6 are the current mixed-metal sorbents being investigated. The METC desulfurization program is composed of three major components: bench-scale research, pilot-plant operation, and demonstration that is a portion of the Clean Coal Demonstration projects.
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Languages : en
Pages : 15
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At the start of the current project, the DSRP (Direct Sulfur Recovery Process) technology was at the bench-scale development stage with a skid-mounted system ready for field testing. The process had been extended to fluidized-bed operation in the Stage 1 reactor. A preliminary economic study for a 100 MW plant in which the two-stage DSRP was compared to conventional processes indicated the economic attractiveness of the DSRP. Through bench-scale development, both fluidized-bed zinc titanate and DSRP technologies have been shown to be technically and economically attractive. The demonstrations prior to the start of this project, however, had only been conducted using simulated (rather than real) coal gas and simulated regeneration off-gas. Thus, the effect of trace contaminants in real coal gases on the sorbent and DSRP catalyst was not known. Also, the zinc titanate desulfurization unit and DSRP had not been demonstrated in an integrated manner. The overall goal of this project is to continue further development of the zinc titanate desulfurization and DSRP technologies by scale-up and field testing (with actual coal gas) of the zinc titanate fluidized-bed reactor system, and the Direct Sulfur Recovery Process.
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Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1130
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