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Author: Vasiliki Gkretsi
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459535
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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Book Description
This eBook consists of a collection of articles focused on fundamental processes of cancer cell metastasis, such as cell-Extracellular matrix adhesions, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lymph node metastasis as well as on upcoming research fields including the effects of biomechanical factors, the use of analytical and statistical tools and experimental techniques to further understand and characterize the invasive and metastatic potential of tumors.
Author: Vasiliki Gkretsi
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459535
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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Book Description
This eBook consists of a collection of articles focused on fundamental processes of cancer cell metastasis, such as cell-Extracellular matrix adhesions, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lymph node metastasis as well as on upcoming research fields including the effects of biomechanical factors, the use of analytical and statistical tools and experimental techniques to further understand and characterize the invasive and metastatic potential of tumors.
Author: Anne E. Cress
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402051298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
This volume highlights the expression of specific adhesion molecules within human cancer tissues. It details the expression signatures from published DNA microarray and immunohistochemistry studies. Coverage discusses the concept that the alteration of specific adhesion molecules influence the cancer migration ability and cancer damage responses, both features are essential for the survival of an invading tumor cell.
Author: Pnina Brodt
Publisher: New York : Springer
ISBN: 9780412101519
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
A critical review of the latest research on the specific cell adhesion molecules involved in the metastatic process. After a summary of concepts in the field, chapters detail findings on the molecular biology and biochemistry of adherins, integrins, selectins and their ligands, and the Ig-like adhesion family, and review the role of proteases and protease inhibitors in regulating the metastatic process and modulating cell adhesion. Includes material on current methods for the analysis of cell invasion. Of interest to novices and experts in tumor biology. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Afsheen Banisadr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
The ability of tumor cells to reestablish a niche and cause recurrence of the tumor, either within the primary tissue that the tumor initially formed or to a secondary site within the body, enhances tumor malignancy and causes patient morbidity and mortality. The propensity of tumor cells to migrate away from their primary site poses several challenges. First is the high variability in driver mutations between patients, as well as the variability in patient background genetics, both of which can induce variability in tumor cell migratory and metastatic propensity. Second, is a lack of universal markers, either genetic or molecular, which can accurately predict tumor cell migratory and metastatic potential. Together these challenges prevent the stratification of different tumors and prevents the implementation of patient-specific interventions tailored to prevent tumor cell migration and metastasis. An emerging field which is providing insight into the tumor metastatic process is biophysical analysis. However, the field is currently focused on analyzing the presence of circulating tumor cell through turbulent flow microfluidics as an indicator for metastasis, not predicting tumor metastatic potential from the primary site. Therefore, there is a need for a rapid and quantitative biophysical metric which can predict the migratory and metastatic potential of those primary tumors. This dissertation addresses the need to predict tumor migratory and metastatic potential by gaining an understanding of how those characteristics are linked to cell adhesion in glioblastoma and mammary tumors, respectively. In order to determine the relationship between adhesion strength and cell migratory and metastatic potential first we characterized the adhesion strength of metastatic and non-metastatic mammary cancer cells. In order to evaluate cellular adhesion strength as well as understand the effects of the tumor microenvironment on cell biophysical characteristics, we built a spinning disk shear device. This device gave us the capability of interrogating cellular adhesion characteristics in a quantitative and high throughput manner, as well as being able to modulate extracellular divalent cation conditions Mg2+ and Ca2+ to mimic those found in patients. We found that in the absence of divalent cations those metastatic cells showed an overall decrease in the cellular adhesion strength as well as a broader range of adhesion characteristics than those non-metastatic cell lines. Comparison of those metastatic cells to their non-metastatic counterparts demonstrated a decrease in the assembly state of focal adhesions in both number and size. Similarly, the exposure of those non-metastatic cells to cyclic RGD peptides also induced a decrease in focal adhesion assembly state as well as decreasing cellular adhesion strength and increasing cell migratory phenotype. Together, these data suggest that there is a correlation between decreased cellular adhesion strength, an increase in metastatic potential, and that this correlation is due to altered assembly state of focal adhesion structures. Next, I wanted to understand if the correlation between decreased cellular adhesion strength and increased cell migratory phenotype extended beyond mammary tumors to glioblastoma (GBM). In order to investigate the effects of common GBM mutations on cellular adhesion strength, isogenic murine astrocytes were exposed to fluidic shear stress via spinning disk assay. Specifically, astrocytes with combinations of CDKN2A/B deletion (occurring in 61% of patients), Pten deletion (occurring in 41% of patients), or alteration of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (occurring in 57% of patients) were analyzed. This analysis showed that unlike mammary tumors, decreased astrocyte adhesion strength was dependent on the presence of divalent cations. Furthermore, I found that the decrease in adhesion strength was limited to those cells expressing EGFRvIII independent of other mutations, and correlated with increased migratory phenotype. Further analysis found that this change in EGFRvIII expressing cells biophysical phenotype is a result of a signaling-dependent decrease in integrin expression which results in alteration of focal adhesion assembly state. In order to investigate what EGFRvIII dependent signaling cascades modulate decreased adhesion strength, I utilized small-molecule inhibitors to target multiple pathway nodes such as: the EGFR receptor itself, MEK, SRC, and Stat3 in a systematic manner. I found that those cells treated with MEK inhibitor or EGFR inhibitor showed an increase in EGFRvIII cell adhesion strength, similar to non-EGFRvIII expressing cells. Lastly, it has been well documented that cell-cell communication allows those EGFRvIII cells to affect behavior of non-EGFRvIII cells within that tumor. In order to understand if EGFRvIII cells are capable of altering cell adhesion strength of other cells, I educated wtEGFR with EGFRvIII conditioned media prior to analyzing cellular adhesion strength. I found that those wtEGFR expressing cells altered their adhesion strength after education with vIII CM, and that this decrease in adhesion strength was dependent on the presence of the soluble factor TNF-[alpha]. Throughout this dissertation I will demonstrate the value of utilizing fluidic shear as a methodology for analyzing cellular adhesion strength and its application for predicting tumor migratory and metastatic potential. Furthermore, I will also demonstrate how fluidic shear can be used to understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms that contribute to and enhance tumor cell malignancy.
Author: Rahul Jandial
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781587066597
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Most cancer deaths are a result of metastasis. The spread of a primary tumor to colonize neighboring and distant organs is the relentless endgame that defines the neoplastic process. Patients who have been diagnosed with cancer are treated to prevent both the recurrence of the tumor at the site of origin and metastasis that would re-stage them as advanced stage IV cancer. Historically and still with some types of cancer, stage IV is perceived by patients as “terminal.” Fortunately, recent molecular therapies have extended the lives of patients with advanced cancer and reassuringly people living with metastatic disease increasingly visit our clinics. What is the path forward? Given that the consilience of science and medicine is a dynamic art from which therapies arise, it would be misguided to consider any single work adequate at capturing the horizon for research. So with humility we constructed this text as primer for scientists. It begins with a broad introduction to the clinical management of common cancers. This is intended to serve as a foundation for investigators to consider when developing basic science hypotheses. Unquestionably, medical and surgical care of cancer patients reveals biology and dictates how novel therapeutics will ultimately be evaluated in clinical trials. The second section of this text offers provocative and evolving insights that underscore the breadth of science involved in the elucidation of cancer metastasis biology. The text concludes with information that integrates scientific and clinical foundations to highlight translational research. This book serves as a framework for scientists to conceptualize clinical and translational knowledge on the complexity of disease that is metastatic cancer.
Author: Aditi Bhatt
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811070539
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 577
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Book Description
The widespread acceptance among the oncology community at large of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC as a potentially curative treatment for peritoneal metastases has paved the way for innovative new therapies that could benefit a larger proportion of patients. Much has been and continues to be published on this subject. This book provides comprehensive reviews on the various aspects of managing peritoneal metastases. The authors highlight essential practical issues that surgical oncologists encounter in their day-to-day practice, and try to before provide evidence based answers to address them. All chapters were written and/or reviewed by leading experts in this field.
Author: Yanqing Liu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 283253466X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Author: William B. Coleman
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 1597454583
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 868
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Book Description
This book covers the concepts of molecular medicine and personalized medicine. Subsequent chapters cover the topics of genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics, as the tools of molecular pathology and foundations of molecular medicine. These chapters are followed by a series of chapters that provide overviews of molecular medicine as applied broadly to neoplastic, genetic, and infectious diseases, as well as a chapter on molecular diagnostics. The volume concludes with a chapter that delves into the promise of molecular medicine in the personalized treatment of patients with complex diseases, along with a discussion of the challenges and obstacles to personalized patient care. The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer, Second Edition, is a valuable resource for oncologists, researchers, and all medical professionals who work with cancer.
Author: Alecsandru Ioan Baba
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789732714577
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 787
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Book Description
Author: Wen G. Jiang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306483882
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
This book covers the molecular and cellular aspects of cancer metastasis, and discusses the clinical aspect of micro- and macro-metastases, which result in the death of the majority of patients with cancer. The current edition attempts to examine the current status of the basic scientific and clinical research in the area, and is a very useful reference for clinicians, oncologists, and biologists. It is intended for undergraduates as well as postgraduates in the area of medicine, oncology, and cancer biology.
