Mechanistic Studies of Cyclic Ester Polymerizations by Discrete Metal-alkoxide Catalysts PDF Download
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Author: Laurie Ellen Breyfgle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 536
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Author: Laurie Ellen Breyfgle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 536
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Book Description
Author: Andrew Dove
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1788016793
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 668
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Book Description
In recent years polymerisation using organocatalysts has become an appealing alternative to more traditional metal-based catalysts. Conferring numerous advantages including low cost and ease of use, as well as the ability to precisely control the synthesis of advanced polymer structures, organocatalysts are increasingly used in polymer synthesis. Organic Catalysis for Polymerisation provides a holistic overview of the field, covering all process in the polymer synthesis pathway that are catalysed by organic catalysts. Sub-divided into two key sections for ease of use, the first focuses on recent developments in catalysis and the applications of catalysts to the full range of polymerisations that they have been utilised in; the second concerning monomers, arranges the field by monomer type and polymerisation mechanism. The book will therefore, provide a complimentary view of the field, providing both an overview of state-of-the-art catalyst development and also the best methodologies available to create specific polymer types. Edited by leading figures in the field and featuring contributions from researchers across the globe, this title will serve as an excellent reference for postgraduate students and researchers in both academia and industry interested in polymer chemistry, organic chemistry, catalysis and materials science.
Author: Yavuz Imamogammalu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940113328X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 567
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Book Description
Olefin metathesis reaction can be considered as one of the most successful organic reactions with many applications in the low molecular weight range and also in the polymer field. The use of catalysts with their selective and effective transformation properties in olefin metathesis I polymerization systems is a growing interest. There has been great effort and competition in developing active and commercially useful catalysts. The main aim of this ASI was to gather several research groups and also the people from industry. to present existing knowledge and latest results in the field. A wide range of topics through homogeneous and heterogeneous aspects have been considered. Attention has been drawn to the metal-carbene and metallacyclobutane complexes as active species, the initiation mechanisms, the stereochemistry and thermodynamics of these reactions. New catalytic systems for the metathesis of alkenes and alkynes and fot' ring opening polymeriZation I block copolymerization reactions have been introduced. Spectroscopic studies for the characteriZation of catalysts, simulation studies explaining the function of chain carrier species and polymer degradation have also been covered. A detailed industrial report concerning the patents and applications in olefin metathesis I cyc1001efin polymerization area, fabrication and derivation has been presented. This volume contains the main lectures and seminars given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on " Olefin Metathesis and Polymerization Catalysts: Synthesis, Mechanism and Utilization", held at Akcay. Babkesir. Turkey between 10th and 22nd September 1989.
Author: Matthew Karl Kiesewetter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Catalysis is the enabling science of polymer synthesis, and new catalytic mechanisms yield new materials. The developement of organocatalysts for polymer synthesis has, particularly in the last decade, spawned an impressive array of new catalysts, processes and mechanistic insights. While the focus of most recent research in organocatalysis has concentrated on enantioselective synthesis of small molecules, organocatalysis offers a number of opportunities in polymer synthesis and was among the earliest methods of catalyzing the synthesis of polyesters. The enthalpy of ring opening of cyclic esters or carbonates drives the majority of organocatalyic polymerization reactions catalyzed by a still-evolving array of organocatalysts. Organocatalysts are thought to effect polymerization of cyclic esters by several mechanisms. Some proceed via a monomer activated mechanism whereby the catalyst activates the cyclic ester towards transesterification to the polymer chain. Others operate by an alcohol activation mechanism where the alcoholic end group of the growing polymer chain is activated to induce transesterification. Some are thought to be operative by a combination of these mechanisms. The unique reactivity offered by organocatalysts has provided access to precisely controlled macromolecular architectures and well-defined (co)polymers including a wide array of functionality. The notion that rate must be sacrificed to implement organocatalysts is fading with the discovery of transesterification organocatalysts that rival in reaction rate even the most active metal-containing catalysts. Cyclopentadienyl ruthenium complexes with quinaldic acid-type ligands are robust allylation catalysts in alcoholic solvents, but they are sensitive to dissolved oxygen, requiring reactions to be conducted in an inert atmosphere. Moving from alcoholic to neat aqueous solvents decreases the rate of deallylation but allows the reaction to be conducted in air without loss of catalyst activity over the course of the reaction. These complexes are also effective for the formation of allyl ethers, allowing the synthesis of poly(2,5-dihydrofuran) from the condensation polymerization of 2-cis-butene-1,4-diol. This material was previously deemed inaccessible via traditional polycondensation catalysts.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 794
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Author: Ekemini Daniel Akpan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Benzimidazoles
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Diana Navarro-Llobet
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Author: Shiro Kobayashi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 606
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive survey of the entire field of catalysis in polymer synthesis covering the majority of essential aspects from basic organic, organometallic and bio-chemistry to industrial production. Particular emphasis is placed on "precision polymerization," where the catalyst plays a key role in the fabrication of innovative polymers. Precision polymerization enables the production of polymers with precisely controlled structures, molecular weight, distribution and stereochemistry, free from defects.
Author: Inamuddin
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315354004
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1590
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Book Description
This book is a comprehensive introduction to "green" or environmentally friendly polymer composites developed using renewable polymers of natural origin such as starch, lignin, cellulose acetate, poly-lactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxylalkanoates (PHA), polyhydroxylbutyrate (PHB), etc., and the development of modern technologies for preparing green composites with various applications. The book also discusses major applications of green polymer composites in industries such as medicine, biotechnology, fine chemicals and engineering.
