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Author: Maira Covre-Sussai
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This study investigates gender equality in terms of decision making in Latin American families. A step-by-step multi-group latent class analysis (MGLCA) is applied to extract the construct of gender equality from DHS data. Its cross-cultural validation for seven Latin American countries (N=62,554) is attested and the influence of women's age, education and type of union on family decision making is shown. The types of union included in this analysis are marriage and three previously identified types of cohabitation: traditional, innovative and blended. Three types of decision making are found. In the first two types, women make household decisions alone or jointly with their husbands or partners. These are married, older and higher educated women. The third type groups women who have the decisions in their household made by their partners. These are lower educated women, who tend to live in the traditional cohabitation. The differences in terms of decision making for the innovative and blended types of cohabitation in Latin America are not clear. Results confirm earlier evidence that changes in gender roles happen in different rhythms for different social classes: in the upper social strata the gender revolution is in a more advanced stage than in the lower ones.
Author: Maira Covre-Sussai
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This study investigates gender equality in terms of decision making in Latin American families. A step-by-step multi-group latent class analysis (MGLCA) is applied to extract the construct of gender equality from DHS data. Its cross-cultural validation for seven Latin American countries (N=62,554) is attested and the influence of women's age, education and type of union on family decision making is shown. The types of union included in this analysis are marriage and three previously identified types of cohabitation: traditional, innovative and blended. Three types of decision making are found. In the first two types, women make household decisions alone or jointly with their husbands or partners. These are married, older and higher educated women. The third type groups women who have the decisions in their household made by their partners. These are lower educated women, who tend to live in the traditional cohabitation. The differences in terms of decision making for the innovative and blended types of cohabitation in Latin America are not clear. Results confirm earlier evidence that changes in gender roles happen in different rhythms for different social classes: in the upper social strata the gender revolution is in a more advanced stage than in the lower ones.
Author: Orazio P. Attanasio
Publisher: IDB
ISBN: 193100353X
Category : Families
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Author: Alicia Bárcena Ibarra
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sex discrimination against women
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Author: María Magdalena Camou
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317130219
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
This book presents evidence of the evolution of the gender inequalities in Latin America during the twentieth century, using basic indicators of human development, namely education, health and the labour market. There are very few historical studies that centre on gender as the main analytical category in Latin America, so this book breaks new ground. Using case-studies from Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Uruguay, the authors show that there is evidence of a correlation between economic growth and the decrease in gender inequality, but this process is also not linear. Although the activity rate of women was high at the beginning of the twentieth century, female participation in the labour market diminished, until the 1970s, when it began to increase dramatically. Since the 1970s, fertility reduction and education improvements and worsening labour market conditions are associated to the steadily increase of women participation in the labour market. By gauging the extent to which gender gaps in the formation of human capital, access to resources, quality of life and opportunities may have operated as a restriction on women’s capabilities and on economic growth in the region, this book demonstrates that Latin America has lagged behind in terms of gender equality.
Author: Sunita Kishor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Control (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
"This report examines the distribution and correlates of two different dimensions of the empowerment of currently married women age 15-49 in 23 developing countries"-- P. xv.
Author: Orazio Attanasio
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Capital humano
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Author: Raquel Fernández
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513571168
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes gender equality. Despite recent progress, gender gaps remain across all stages of life, including before birth, and negatively impact health, education, and economic outcomes for women. The roadmap to gender equality has to rely on legal framework reforms, policies to promote equal access, and efforts to tackle entrenched social norms. These need to be set in the context of arising new trends such as digitalization, climate change, as well as shocks such as pandemics.
Author: Luis Bértola
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319446215
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 419
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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book brings together a range of ideas and theories to arrive at a deeper understanding of inequality in Latin America and its complex realities. To so, it addresses questions such as: What are the origins of inequality in Latin America? How can we create societies that are more equal in terms of income distribution, gender equality and opportunities? How can we remedy the social divide that is making Latin America one of the most unequal regions on earth? What are the roles played by market forces, institutions and ideology in terms of inequality? In this book, a group of global experts gathered by the Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean (INTAL), part of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), show readers how various types of inequality, such as economical, educational, racial and gender inequality have been practiced in countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico and many others through the centuries. Presenting new ideas, new evidence, and new methods, the book subsequently analyzes how to move forward with second-generation reforms that lay the foundations for more egalitarian societies. As such, it offers a valuable and insightful guide for development economists, historians and Latin American specialists alike, as well as students, educators, policymakers and all citizens with an interest in development, inequality and the Latin American region.
Author: Daniela Rosario Urbina Julio
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In the last few decades, Latin American women had dramatically increased their educational attainment and economic position relative to men. However, these transformations unfolded amidst the prevalence of cultural norms--including gendered views of the division of labor and hypergamy ideals in marital selection--that are in tension with the reduction of these gender gaps. This dissertation examines whether, under these contextual conditions, increases in women's status reduce long-standing gender inequalities in families. To do so, I focus on two policies driving some of these transformations in the Latin American context--conditional cash transfer programs and educational expansion reforms.The first chapter examines conditional cash transfers as a case where women's economic position is drastically improved via welfare payments. In particular, I analyze Mexico's Progresa program, which provided cash transfers to low-income women following an experimental design. I find that these payments shifted husbands' attitudes towards a more equitable division of labor and improved wives' autonomy. Notably, these transfers did not generate a gender backlash response among treated families--such as pushing women further into unpaid labor--as gender-based theories posited.In the second chapter, I analyze whether increases in women's schooling reduce gender asymmetries in marriage in Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru. I show that in two dimensions of union formation--marriage entry and marital selection--status differences between men and women prevail as gender gaps in education are reduced. My results demonstrate that highly educated women are less likely to get married in all countries and that marriage propensities favoring hypergamy persist across cohorts, confirming the endurance of gender asymmetrical norms.In my last chapter, I inspect whether mass education reforms increase women's autonomy and decision-making--a classic argument among demographers and development scholars. By leveraging the timing of compulsory schooling reforms in Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru, I show that while education is a means of empowerment for most women, further schooling is an ineffective tool to increase female autonomy among rural and indigenous populations. I argue these results are explained by changes in the selection into schooling and the effects of women's education on marriage.
Author: World Bank Group
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464812535
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 627
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Book Description
How can governments ensure that women have the same employment and entrepreneurship opportunities as men? One important step is to level the legal playing field so that the rules for operating in the worlds of work and business apply equally regardless of gender. Women, Business and the Law 2018, the fifth edition in a series, examines laws affecting women’s economic inclusion in 189 economies worldwide. It tracks progress that has been made over the past two years while identifying opportunities for reform to ensure economic empowerment for all. The report updates all indicators as of June 1, 2017 and explores new areas of research, including financial inclusion.
