Measurement of Gas Dispersion in Porous Media PDF Download
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Author: Prasad N. V. Kalluri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: Prasad N. V. Kalluri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: Clifford K. Ho
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140203962X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
CLIFFORD K. HOAND STEPHEN W. WEBB Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA Gas and vapor transport in porous media occur in a number of important applications includingdryingofindustrialandfoodproducts,oilandgasexploration,environm- tal remediation of contaminated sites, and carbon sequestration. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms and processes of gas and vapor transport in porous media allows models to be used to evaluate and optimize the performance and design of these systems. In this book, gas and vapor are distinguished by their available states at stan- ? dard temperature and pressure (20 C, 101 kPa). If the gas-phase constituent can also exist as a liquid phase at standard temperature and pressure (e. g. , water, ethanol, toluene, trichlorothylene), it is considered a vapor. If the gas-phase constituent is non-condensable at standard temperature and pressure (e. g. , oxygen, carbon di- ide, helium, hydrogen, propane), it is considered a gas. The distinction is important because different processes affect the transport and behavior of gases and vapors in porous media. For example, mechanisms specific to vapors include vapor-pressure lowering and enhanced vapor diffusion, which are caused by the presence of a g- phase constituent interacting with its liquid phase in an unsaturated porous media. In addition, the “heat-pipe” exploits isothermal latent heat exchange during evaporation and condensation to effectively transfer heat in designed and natural systems.
Author: Eugene Sidney Simpson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diffusion in hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: W. Emmett Bolch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 55
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Author: Lu Dong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Accurate measurement of the gas diffusion coefficient through porous media is of significant interest to science and engineering applications including mass transfer through soils, building materials, and fuel cells to name a few. Accurate measurements are necessary for simulation and optimization of complex systems involving gas transport. The Loschmidt cell, or closed tube method has been extensively used to measuring the binary gas diffusion coefficient of gas pairs. Recent studies have used a modified Loschmidt cell with an additional porous sample to measure the effective diffusion coefficient through the porous sample. The method employs what is called the resistance network method for calculating the effective diffusion coefficient through the porous sample. In this study, a one-dimensional simulation was developed to evaluate the accuracy of the resistance network method with a modified Loschmidt cell. Dimensionless parameters are shown to be applicable for both the conventional Loschmidt cell as well as the modified Loschmidt cell with the porous sample. A parametric simulation study was performed to show that the error relates closely to the ratio of diffusive resistances of the sample and bulk gas denoted as the resistance ratio, [Omega]*. With a simulated experimental duration of 250s, which is typical of experiments in literature, the error was found to be negligible when [Omega]* 0.1 but increased dramatically for [Omega]* 0.1 up to a maximum of approximately 20% error. The equivalent Fourier number, Fo_eq, based on the equivalent diffusivity, D_eq, was proposed as an approximate expression for the degree to which the concentration gradient in the test cell has evolved. It was found that the error has nearly a linear relationship with Fo_eq. Since a lower Fo_eq means a less decayed profile with significant transience remaining, as Fo_eq drops, the the error increases. By controlling the simulation test length for different thickness and diffusivity samples such that Fo_eq = 12.5, the error was reduced to less than 1% over most of the range of parameters and less than 6% over the full range of parameters spanning two orders of magnitude for both thickness and diffusivity. The resistance network method requires the measurement of the sample thickness, a diffusion length, and two diffusion coefficients using with the modified Loschmidt cell (one with the porous sample and one without). Analysis found that the equation used for calculating the effective diffusion coefficient, D_eff, through the porous sample inherently magnifies the relative uncertainty of the measured values in the final calculated value for D_eff. When [Omega]*
Author: Philip Crosbie Carman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas flow
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
![Dispersion Measurement as a Method of Quantifying Geologic Characterization and Defining Reservoir Heterogeneity. [Quarterly] Report, July 12, 1993--October 12, 1993 PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/4VrzjwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Dispersion of fluids flowing through porous media is an important phenomenon in miscible displacement. Much of the research involving dispersion and dispersivity as a property of reservoir rock has focused on miscible liquid-liquid displacement processes. This study addresses the measurement of dispersion in a gas-gas displacement system. The objectives of this study are: (1) to develop a method and set up an experimental apparatus to measure gas-gas dispersion in consolidated rocks.(2) to study the effect of displacement velocity and pressure on gas-gas dispersion and dispersivity; and (3) to study the heterogeneity of reservoir rocks and investigate the relationship between dispersivity and rock properties to characterize the flow system using gas-gas dispersion measurements. New experimental methods and apparatus for gas-gas dispersion were developed in this study. Twenty eight gas-gas miscible displacement measurements under different flowrates and pressures were conducted on three Berea sandstone cores of varying lengths and physical properties. A gas chromatograph was utilized and modified to measure the concentration of gas at the outlet of the cores. Nitrogen was used as the displacing gas, while helium was used as the displaced gas. The experimental results were illustrated using S-shaped effluent breakthrough curves. The effect of flowrate and pressure on gas-gas dispersion, dispersion coefficient, dispersivity, and dispersion factor were determined from these curves. Gas effective diffusion coefficients were obtained by graphical methods using the dispersion coefficients under low velocities. The heterogeneity of reservoir rock can be studied by this method.
Author: Ronald Dean Garton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Author: Frank A. Coutelieris
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642279104
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
The subject of this book is to study the porous media and the transport processes occur there. As a first step, the authors discuss several techniques for artificial representation of porous. Afterwards, they describe the single and multi phase flows in simplistic and complex porous structures in terms of macroscopic and microscopic equations as well as of their analytical and numerical solutions. Furthermore, macroscopic quantities such as permeability are introduced and reviewed. The book also discusses with mass transport processes in the porous media which are further strengthen by experimental validation and specific technological applications. This book makes use of state-of-the-art techniques for the modeling of transport processes in porous structures, and considers of realistic sorption mechanisms. It the applies advanced mathematical techniques for upscaling of the major quantities, and presents the experimental investigation and application, namely, experimental methods for the measurement of relevant transport properties. The main benefit of the book is that it discusses all the topics related to transport in porous media (including state-of-the-art applications) and presents some of the most important theoretical, numerical and experimental developments in porous media domain, providing a self-contained major reference that is appealing to both the scientists and the engineers. At the same time, these topics encounter a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, such as chemical, civil, agricultural, mechanical engineering. The book is divided in several chapters that intend to be a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of related professionals and scientists.
