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Author: Pamela Bryden
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889198634
Category : Cerebral dominance
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
The performance of most tasks with one hand, typically the right, is a uniquely human characteristic. Not only do people prefer to use one hand rather than the other, but also they usually perform tasks faster and more accurately with this hand. The study of manual asymmetries and what such performance differences between the two hands reveal about brain organization and motor function has been a topic of considerable research over the last several decades. The aim of this Research Topic is to review and further explore the origins of manual asymmetries and their relationship to handedness, unimanual and bimanual motor performance, and brain function. The articles included here involve original research conducted in humans or non-human models species, as well as theoretical perspectives, review articles, and meta-analyses.
Author: Digby Elliott
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849389993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
"Manual asymmetries" refers to differences in performance capabilities of the two hands. Humans may be the only species that show a consistent preference for the right hand.
Author: Pamela Bryden
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889198634
Category : Cerebral dominance
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
The performance of most tasks with one hand, typically the right, is a uniquely human characteristic. Not only do people prefer to use one hand rather than the other, but also they usually perform tasks faster and more accurately with this hand. The study of manual asymmetries and what such performance differences between the two hands reveal about brain organization and motor function has been a topic of considerable research over the last several decades. The aim of this Research Topic is to review and further explore the origins of manual asymmetries and their relationship to handedness, unimanual and bimanual motor performance, and brain function. The articles included here involve original research conducted in humans or non-human models species, as well as theoretical perspectives, review articles, and meta-analyses.
Author: Patricia Ruis Hawn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Author: Sebastian Ocklenburg
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3662692856
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Author: Marian Annett
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134950810
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
Brain asymmetry for speech is moderately related to handedness but what are the rules? Are symmetries for hand and brain associated with characteristics such as intelligence, motor skill, spatial reasoning or skill at sports? In this follow up to the influential Left, Right Hand and Brain (1985) Marian Annett draws on a working lifetime of research to help provide answers to crucial questions. Central to her argument is the Right Shift Theory - her original and innovative contribution to the field that seeks to explain the relationships between left-and right-handedness and left-and right-brain specialisation. The theory proposes that handedness in humans and our non-human primate relations depends on chance but that chance is weighted towards right-handedness in most people by an agent of right-hemisphere disadvantage. It argues for the existence of a single gene for right shift (RS+) that evolved in humans to aid the growth of speech in the left hemisphere of the brain. The Right Shift Theory has possible implications for a wide range of questions about human abilities and disabilities, including verbal and non verbal intelligence, educational progress and dyslexia, spatial reasoning, sporting skills and mental illness. It continues to be at the cutting edge of research, solving problems and generating new avenues of investigation - most recently the surprising idea that a mutant RS+ gene might be involved in the causes of schizophrenia and autism. Handedness and Brain Asymmetry will make fascinating reading for students and researchers in psychology and neurology, educationalists, and anyone with a keen interest in why people have different talents and weaknesses.
Author: Carla Marie Mamolo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
In this dissertation, three experiments were conducted that examined the influence of task demands on manual asymmetries for the performance of reaching movements to tools. In all three experiments, the difference between the hands (in terms of preference for Experiment 1 and performance for Experiments 2 and 3) was studied in response to varying task demands for grasping movements to tools. In the first experiment, 82 right-handed and 60 left-handed university students performed reaching movements to tools and dowels at five positions within working space. Differences in the reaching patterns of the left and right hands to the tools and dowels were examined, as well as the effect of task demands (lift, use) and type of object (tool, dowel) on the reaching patterns. Dowels were used in order to examine if participants would treat a neutral object as if it were a tool in terms of their reaching patterns in working space. Results confirmed and extended prior research on the influence of task demands on reaching patterns within working space. Overall, there were more similarities in the general reaching patterns of left- and right-handed participants than differences. However key differences between the handedness groups emerged in the treatment of the dowel and the frequency of switches (reaching to lift the object with the non-preferred hand and transferring it to the preferred hand to use). Results also showed that tools enjoy a privileged association with the preferred hand, and that the intent of the movement has a very real goal on movement planning. The first experiment examined patterns of hand use across working space in response to differing task demands. In the next experiments performance differences between the hands in terms of movement planning and initiation were examined through the use of reaction time and movement time. In these experiments, reaction time represented the time from the presentation of a go signal to when the participant first lifted their hand, and movement time was the time between lifting the hand to lifting a tool off a sensor. Movement time represented the time to pick up the tool, and did not include the time to use the tool to perform a particular task and complete the reaching movement. In the second experiment, reaction time and movement time to tools placed at the midline position were examined under varying degrees of advance information using a precue paradigm. Three precue conditions were used which presented advance information on the hand to use to perform the movement (left or right) and/or the task (lift, use, or pantomime) to be performed: (1) both hand and task were cued in advance (Both precue); (2) task only was cued in advance (Task precue); and (3) neither hand nor task were cued in advance (No precue). Twenty-four right-handed university students performed reaching movements to tools under the three different precue conditions. The results of Experiment 2 showed that reaction time was sensitive to the amount of advance information presented in the precue. For reaction time manual asymmetries were observed in one condition only - a right hand advantage was present in the No precue condition. In contrast manual asymmetries in favor of the right hand were clearly observed with the movement time results. Experiment 2 was the first experiment reported in the literature to systematically examine reaction time for reaching and grasping movements to tools. In order to further explore these results, in Experiment 3 a fourth precue condition (in which the hand to be used was cued in advance; the Hand precue) was added to the precue paradigm used in Experiment 2. An additional variable called replacement time, which represented the time spent interacting with the tool, was also examined. Forty-two right-handed university students participated in Experiment 3. The results of Experiment 3 largely replicated the findings of Experiment 2, and indicated that both the amount and type of precue information had an effect on reaction time. The addition of the Hand precue condition suggested that having advance knowledge of the hand to be used to perform the task was of greater importance for movement planning than was advance knowledge of the task to be performed. Regarding the movement time results, Experiment 3 was one of the first experiments to show the influence of task demands on the magnitude of manual asymmetries. The lack of differences between the hands for the replacement time results also suggested that the initial execution of the movement (represented by movement time) was most sensitive to manual asymmetries. Overall, these experiments provided further insight into manual asymmetries for the performance of reaching movements, and illustrated how simple manipulations of task demands led to differences between the hands in measures of both preference and performance when interacting with tools.
Author: M.K. Mandal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306468840
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
`Rather than being an esoteric aspect of brain function, lateralization is a fundamental characteristic of the vertebrate brain essential to a broad range of neural and behavioral processes.' Professor Lesley J. Rogers, Chapter 1 of Side Bias: A Neuropsychological Perspective. This volume contains 14 chapters from a veritable `United Nations' of experts in the field of lateralization of function. They write comprehensive reviews, present data, and pose new questions concerning the evolutionary origins and development of side bias, methodological concerns with the way we measure handedness and footedness, and some more unusual aspects of human beings' lateralized behavior, such as asymmetrical cradling and pseudoneglect. The book will be essential reading for students of behavioral neuroscience and neuropsychology interested in lateralization of function as well as for established researchers in the field.
Author: Anne Henderson, PhD, OTR
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323031862
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
This comprehensive resource and clinical guide for students and practicing pediatric therapists features current information on the neurological foundations of hand skills, the development of hand skills, and intervention with children who have problems related to hand skills. Covers foundation and development of hand skills, therapeutic intervention, and special problems and approaches. Is readable, concise, and well-organized with a consistent format throughout. Integrates recent research findings and current thinking throughout the text. Emphasizes neuroscience and the hand's sensory function and haptic perception. Applies neuroscience and development frames of reference throughout. Implications for practice included in each chapter. Presents concepts in the foundation/development chapters that are linked with the intervention chapters. Seven new chapters reflect current practice in the field and cover cognition & motor skills, handedness, fine-motor program for preschoolers, handwriting evaluation, splinting the upper extremity of the child, pediatric hand therapy, and efficacy of interventions. Extensively revised content throughout includes new research and theories, new techniques, current trends, and new information sources. 9 new contributors offer authoritative guidance in the field. Over 200 new illustrations demonstrate important concepts with new clinical photographs and line drawings. Over 50 new tables and boxes highlight important information. An updated and expanded glossary defines key terms.
Author: Gregory Króliczak
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459683
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Whereas the cerebral specialization for skilled manual actions (praxis) seems closely linked to dominance for language, with both functions left lateralized in the vast majority of humans, the neural correlates of hand preference are still less well understood. Indeed, as a combination of inherited and non-inherited genomic factors (i.e., direct parental and concealed environmental contributions), handedness – in contrast to language – is less likely to have strong genetic indices and clearly lateralized functional organization. What about eye dominance, unimanual and bimanual object manipulation, and gestures, or attentional systems and the related egocentric or allocentric coding of space? Are these different categories functionally and structurally interconnected? Is their development and contribution to task performance linked, even if they are differently lateralized? How are they connected to language learning or its development? In trying to understand these relationships and their neural underpinnings we obtain a new insight into fundamental human behaviors, which depend either on shared or distinct cerebral resources that must, nevertheless, be harmonized by higher-order cerebral processing. In this Research Topic we assembled a dozen of original research contributions, as well as articles with more theoretically-driven perspectives, that directly speak to these issues. Hopefully this work will serve as a foundation for further discussions and will stimulate new research in this fascinating domain.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128146729
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Cerebral Lateralization and Cognition: Evolutionary and Developmental Investigations of Motor Biases, Volume 238, the latest release in the Progress in Brain Research series, discusses interdisciplinary research on the influence of cerebral lateralization on cognition within an evolutionary framework. Chapters of note in this release include Evolutionary Perspectives: Visual/Motor Biases and Cognition, Manual laterality and cognition through evolution: An archeological perspective, Laterality in insects, Motor asymmetries in fish, amphibians and reptiles, Visual biases and social cognition in animals, Mother and offspring lateralized social interaction across animal species, Manual bias, personality and cognition in common marmosets and other primates, and more. Presents investigations of cognitive development in an evolutionary framework Provides a better understanding of the causal relationship between motor function and brain organization Brings clinicians and neuroscientists together to consider the relevance of motor biases as behavioral biomarkers of cognitive disorders Includes future possibilities for early detection and motor intervention therapies
