Long-term Western Diet Consumption Increases the Intravenous Self-administration of Cocaine in Male Sprague-dawley Rats PDF Download
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Author: Matthew Michael Clasen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438227248
Category : Behaviorism (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Recent literature suggests that dysregulated food and drug intake may result from similar mechanisms that usurp the neural circuits mediating inhibitory control in the brain. Given these physiological and behavioral parallels, it might be predicted that a history with one would affect the likelihood of the other, i.e., animals that display dysregulated consumption of a highly palatable diet would display potentiated levels of compulsive drug intake. Interestingly, the limited research on the topic has only investigated the effects of high fat diet (HFD) consumption on cocaine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in adult rats rather than the potentially more clinically relevant levels of high saturated fats, simple carbohydrates and refined sugars which characterize the Western diet (WD) in adolescents. In an effort to build upon these preclinical models, the present experiment evaluated whether consumption of a WD initiated and maintained throughout adolescence and adulthood influences cocaine IVSA. Specifically, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on either a WD (n = 42) or chow diet (n = 18) beginning on postnatal day (PND) 21 and underwent cocaine IVSA [Fixed Ratio (FR) 1, FR5, FR10, FR20, Progressive Ratio (PR) and cue- and drug + cue-induced reinstatement] from PNDs 77--126. Animals maintained on the WD throughout adolescence and adulthood displayed higher rates of cocaine IVSA, greater PR responding, more responding in drug non-available periods and greater reinstatement of drug-taking behaviors than animals maintained on the standard rodent chow diet. This work demonstrates that long-term WD consumption impacts subsequent cocaine intake and implicates deficits in inhibitory control for each excessive behavior.
Author: Matthew Michael Clasen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780438227248
Category : Behaviorism (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages : 48
Get Book Here
Book Description
Recent literature suggests that dysregulated food and drug intake may result from similar mechanisms that usurp the neural circuits mediating inhibitory control in the brain. Given these physiological and behavioral parallels, it might be predicted that a history with one would affect the likelihood of the other, i.e., animals that display dysregulated consumption of a highly palatable diet would display potentiated levels of compulsive drug intake. Interestingly, the limited research on the topic has only investigated the effects of high fat diet (HFD) consumption on cocaine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in adult rats rather than the potentially more clinically relevant levels of high saturated fats, simple carbohydrates and refined sugars which characterize the Western diet (WD) in adolescents. In an effort to build upon these preclinical models, the present experiment evaluated whether consumption of a WD initiated and maintained throughout adolescence and adulthood influences cocaine IVSA. Specifically, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on either a WD (n = 42) or chow diet (n = 18) beginning on postnatal day (PND) 21 and underwent cocaine IVSA [Fixed Ratio (FR) 1, FR5, FR10, FR20, Progressive Ratio (PR) and cue- and drug + cue-induced reinstatement] from PNDs 77--126. Animals maintained on the WD throughout adolescence and adulthood displayed higher rates of cocaine IVSA, greater PR responding, more responding in drug non-available periods and greater reinstatement of drug-taking behaviors than animals maintained on the standard rodent chow diet. This work demonstrates that long-term WD consumption impacts subsequent cocaine intake and implicates deficits in inhibitory control for each excessive behavior.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030916785X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.
Author: Jean-Pierre Montmayeur
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420067761
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 646
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Book Description
Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se
Author: Michael A. Bozarth
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461248124
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 658
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Book Description
Methods of Assessing the Reinforcing Properties of Abused Drugs presents a synopsis of the preclinical procedures used to assess drug reinforcement. Researchers using one technique are provided with an overview of the other available methods, and clinicians who wish to evaluate drug abuse research reports can gain the necessary background from this volume. Although emphasis is placed on the methodological aspects of assessing drug reinforcement, some of the scientific conclusions derived from using these techniques are also presented. This edited collection offers a lasting framework for interpreting the results of current experimental findings.
Author: Society for Neuroscience. Meeting
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1446
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Book Description
Author: Amé Pictet
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alkaloids
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
Author: Detlev Boison
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199322295
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 657
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Book Description
Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Toluene
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
Author: M. Palkovits
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780444012562
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
Author: Hans G. Vogel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 366203333X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 790
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Book Description
This reference book contains a comprehensive selection of the most frequently used assays for reliably detecting pharmacological effects of potential drugs, including tests for cardiovascular, analgesic, psychotropic, metabolic, endocrine, respiratory, renal, and immunomodulatory activities. Each of the over 700 assays comprises a detailed protocol with the purpose and rationale of the method, a description of the experimental procedure, a critical assessment of the results and their pharmacological and clinical relevance, and pertinent references. Identification of specific tests is facilitated by the enclosed CD-ROM which allows for a quick and full text research. An appendix with guidelines and legal regulations for animal experiments in various countries will help to plan these experiments properly in accordance with the welfare of laboratory animals.
