La perception et l'évaluation de la douleur chez les patients atteints de troubles psychiatriques sévères (schizophrénie et syndrome démentiel) PDF Download
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Author: Rachida Rochdi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Des proprits ont été réalisés dans la lutte contre la douletm mais des améliorations restent attendues dans la prise en charge de certaines populations, notamment chez les personnes atteintes de troubles psychiatriques sévères. Une pensée communément nartagée est que le malade mental est rarement malade physiquement, il ne ressent pas de douleurs et ne se plaint pas. C’est maLheureusement, une contre-vérité que vient dramancuement contredire la sumtorbidité somatique et la surmortalité présentes dans ces populations. Cette problématique met en évidence un lien indéniable entre l’état de santé mentale et la douleur. L’analyse de cette relation met en exergue une représentation et une perception spécifique de la douleur chez ces patients qui diffère selon leur trouble psychiatrique. Des études décrivent par exemple une analgésie chez les patients atteints de schiaophrénie et certains vont même jusqu’à considérer cette pathologie psychiatrique comme un véritable syndrome d’insensibilité à la douleur, ce qui amène à une réflexion sur cette constatation. Dans la démence, et plus particulièrement dans la maladie d’Alzheimer, le terme d’hypoalgésie est souvent évoqué. Ces patients ressentent moins la douleur, ce qui peut être dû à la dégénérescence neurologique caractérIstique de cette pathologie ou être la conséquence d’un simule problème de communication: le patient ressent la douleur mais n’arrive pas à l’exprimer. Chez ces patients. l’expression de la douleur au soignant, notamment sa localisation précise ou son intensité, sont des processus compliqués. voire inexistant, altérés par la pathologie psychiatrique. Par conséquent, c’est un vrai défi pour les soignants; en effet ils doivent s’efforcer d’accepter la réalité de cette douleur mais aussi de la diagnostiquer et cela gràce à des signes et comportements particuliers qu’il faut savoir déchiffrer. Ensuite ils doivent évaluer cette douleur de la manière la plus précise possible et pour atteindre cet objectif il faut sélectionner les outils d’évaluation les plus pernuents en rapport avec les caractéristiques de cette population. La pathologie mentale ne doit en aucun cas masquer ou devenir un alibi à un diagnostic tardif de pathologie organique. comme les pathologies buccales, dans ce groupe particulièrement à risque du fait de l’absence d’hygiène bucco-dentaire et de la prise de psychotropes.
Author: Rachida Rochdi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Des proprits ont été réalisés dans la lutte contre la douletm mais des améliorations restent attendues dans la prise en charge de certaines populations, notamment chez les personnes atteintes de troubles psychiatriques sévères. Une pensée communément nartagée est que le malade mental est rarement malade physiquement, il ne ressent pas de douleurs et ne se plaint pas. C’est maLheureusement, une contre-vérité que vient dramancuement contredire la sumtorbidité somatique et la surmortalité présentes dans ces populations. Cette problématique met en évidence un lien indéniable entre l’état de santé mentale et la douleur. L’analyse de cette relation met en exergue une représentation et une perception spécifique de la douleur chez ces patients qui diffère selon leur trouble psychiatrique. Des études décrivent par exemple une analgésie chez les patients atteints de schiaophrénie et certains vont même jusqu’à considérer cette pathologie psychiatrique comme un véritable syndrome d’insensibilité à la douleur, ce qui amène à une réflexion sur cette constatation. Dans la démence, et plus particulièrement dans la maladie d’Alzheimer, le terme d’hypoalgésie est souvent évoqué. Ces patients ressentent moins la douleur, ce qui peut être dû à la dégénérescence neurologique caractérIstique de cette pathologie ou être la conséquence d’un simule problème de communication: le patient ressent la douleur mais n’arrive pas à l’exprimer. Chez ces patients. l’expression de la douleur au soignant, notamment sa localisation précise ou son intensité, sont des processus compliqués. voire inexistant, altérés par la pathologie psychiatrique. Par conséquent, c’est un vrai défi pour les soignants; en effet ils doivent s’efforcer d’accepter la réalité de cette douleur mais aussi de la diagnostiquer et cela gràce à des signes et comportements particuliers qu’il faut savoir déchiffrer. Ensuite ils doivent évaluer cette douleur de la manière la plus précise possible et pour atteindre cet objectif il faut sélectionner les outils d’évaluation les plus pernuents en rapport avec les caractéristiques de cette population. La pathologie mentale ne doit en aucun cas masquer ou devenir un alibi à un diagnostic tardif de pathologie organique. comme les pathologies buccales, dans ce groupe particulièrement à risque du fait de l’absence d’hygiène bucco-dentaire et de la prise de psychotropes.
Author: Yasser Khazaal
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889454967
Category : Video games in education
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
Recent years have seen important developments in the computer and game industry, including the emergence of the concept of serious games. It is hypothesized that tools such as games, virtual reality, or applications for smartphones may foster learning, enhance motivation, promote behavioral change, support psychotherapy, favor empowerment, and improve some cognitive functions. Computers and games may create supports for training or help people with cognitive, emotional, or behavioral change. Games take various formats, from board games to informatics to games with interactive rules of play. Similarly, computer tools may vary widely in format, from self-help or assisted computerized training to virtual reality or applications for smartphones. Some tools that may be helpful for mental health were specifically designed for that goal, whereas others were not. Gamification of computer-related products and games with a numeric format tend to reduce the gap between games and computers tools and increase the conceptual synergy in such fields. Games and computer design share an opportunity for creativity and innovation to help create, specifically design, and assess preventive or therapeutic tools. Computers and games share a design conception that allows innovative approaches to overcome barriers of the real world by creating their own rules. Yet, despite the potential interest in such tools to improve treatment of mental disorders and to help prevent them, the field remains understudied and information is under-disseminated in clinical practice. Some studies have shown, however, that there is potential interest and acceptability of tools that support various vehicles, rationales, objectives, and formats. These tools include traditional games (e.g., chess games), popular electronic games, board games, computer-based interventions specifically designed for psychotherapy or cognitive training, virtual reality, apps for smartphones, and so forth. Computers and games may offer a true opportunity to develop, assess, and disseminate new prevention and treatment tools for mental health and well-being. Currently, there is a strong need for state-of-the-art information to answer questions such as the following: Why develop such tools for mental health and well-being? What are the potential additions to traditional treatments? What are the best strategies or formats to improve the possible impact of these tools? Are such tools useful as a first treatment step? What is the potential of a hybrid model of care that combines traditional approaches with games and/or computers as tools? What games and applications have already been designed and studied? What is the evidence from previous studies? How can such tools be successfully designed for mental health and well-being? What is rewarding or attractive for patients in using such treatments? What are the worldwide developments in the field? Are some protocols under development? What are the barriers and challenges related to such developments? How can these tools be assessed, and how can the way that they work, and for whom, be measured? Are the potential benefits of such products specific, or can these additions be attributed to nonspecific factors? What are the users’ views on such tools? What are the possible links between such tools and social networks? Is there a gap between evidence-based results and market development? Are there any quality challenges? What future developments and studies are needed in the field?
Author: Michael J. Fimian
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780884221029
Category : Stress (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: Frantz Fanon
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1474250246
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 816
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Book Description
Since the publication of The Wretched of the Earth in 1961, Fanon's work has been deeply significant for generations of intellectuals and activists from the 60s to the present day. Alienation and Freedom collects together unpublished works comprising around half of his entire output – which were previously inaccessible or thought to be lost. This book introduces audiences to a new Fanon, a more personal Fanon and one whose literary and psychiatric works, in particular, take centre stage. These writings provide new depth and complexity to our understanding of Fanon's entire oeuvre revealing more of his powerful thinking about identity, race and activism which remain remarkably prescient. Shedding new light on the work of a major 20th-century philosopher, this disruptive and moving work will shape how we look at the world.
Author: Elizabeth Anne Kinsella
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9460917313
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
Phronesis is the Aristotelian notion of practical wisdom. In this collected series, phronesis is explored as an alternate way of considering professional knowledge. In the present context dominated by technical rationalities and instrumentalist approaches, a re-examination of the concept of phronesis offers a fundamental re-visioning of the educational aims in professional schools and continuing professional education programs. This book originated from a conversation amongst an interdisciplinary group of scholars from education, health, philosophy, and sociology, who share concerns that something of fundamental importance – of moral signi?cance – is missing from the vision of what it means to be a professional. The contributors consider the ways in which phronesis offers a generative possibility for reconsidering the professional knowledge of practitioners. The question at the centre of this inquiry is: “If we take phronesis seriously as an organising framework for professional knowledge, what are the implications for professional education and practice?” A multiplicity of understandings emerge as to what is meant by phronesis and how it might be reinterpreted, understood, applied, and extended in a world radically different to that of the progenitor of the term, Aristotle. For those concerned with professional life this is a conversation not to be missed.
Author: Marjorie A. Bowman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Inside, you'll find practical information on how to handle the most common emergencies that present in primary care offices and urgent care centers -- whether in person or over the telephone.
Author: Jean Decety
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262016613
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Recent work on empathy theory, research, and applications, by scholars from disciplines ranging from neuroscience to psychoanalysis. There are many reasons for scholars to investigate empathy. Empathy plays a crucial role in human social interaction at all stages of life; it is thought to help motivate positive social behavior, inhibit aggression, and provide the affective and motivational bases for moral development; it is a necessary component of psychotherapy and patient-physician interactions. This volume covers a wide range of topics in empathy theory, research, and applications, helping to integrate perspectives as varied as anthropology and neuroscience. The contributors discuss the evolution of empathy within the mammalian brain and the development of empathy in infants and children; the relationships among empathy, social behavior, compassion, and altruism; the neural underpinnings of empathy; cognitive versus emotional empathy in clinical practice; and the cost of empathy. Taken together, the contributions significantly broaden the interdisciplinary scope of empathy studies, reporting on current knowledge of the evolutionary, social, developmental, cognitive, and neurobiological aspects of empathy and linking this capacity to human communication, including in clinical practice and medical education.
Author: Huguette Glowinski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Jacques Lacan (1901-81) was one of the most original and controversial thinkers of the post-war period. His ideas had a profound effect on the intellectual movements of his time and his work is of continuing importance to a wide range of disciplines: psychoanalytic theory and practice, literary criticism, critical social theory, linguistics, cinema, art criticism and political science. Lacan's ideas can, however, be notoriously difficult: convoluted, idiosyncratic, arcane, and almost always obscure! A Compendium of Lacanian Terms provides students of Lacan with a clear and helpful exposition on some 40 key terms. Each entry outlines the conceptualization of the idea, locating it within Lacanian discourse, and the evolution of the term within the development of Lacan's ideas. A list of references is provided at the end of each entry. The editors' brief essay-like descriptions of key Lacanian terms are a superb idea, much needed in both academic and clinical arenas of psychoanalytic world. - Choice - Jan 2002
Author: Christian Pozzi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030357317
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 169
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Book Description
This book focuses on evidence-based occupational therapy in the care of older adults in different clinical settings, from home to acute hospital, from intensive care unit to rehabilitation centers and nursing homes. Occupational therapy has progressively developed as a new discipline aiming to improve the daily life of individuals of different ages, from children to older adults. The book first reviews the interaction between occupational therapy and geriatrics and then discusses in depth how occupational therapy interventions are applied in the community, in the acute hospital and in the nursing home. It highlights the key role of occupational therapy in the management of frail patients, including critically ill older patients and persons with dementia, and describes in detail how to maintain occupational therapy interventions across different settings to avoid the fragmentation of care. The ageing population requires new innovative approaches to improve the quality of life, and as such this book provides clinicians with handy, key information on how to implement occupational therapy in the daily clinical care of older adults based on the current scientific evidence.
Author: Michael B. First
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470745207
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 566
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Book Description
Two key challenges face mental health practitioners: making the correct psychiatric diagnosis and choosing the most appropriate treatment option. This book aims to help with both. Clinical Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders - Second Edition combines clinically-relevant information about each of theDSM-IV-TR diagnoses with clear, detailed information on treatment options, giving full clinical management advice. Once again, the editors, both leading psychiatrists, have condensed the chapters on Disorders from Tasman et al’s acclaimed two volume textbook of Psychiatry (now in its Third Edition), retaining only the content they deem particularly relevant to the clinician for ease of use. Each disorder is discussed under the headings of Diagnosis (including Assessment Issues, Comorbidity, Course, and Differential Diagnosis, giving diagnostic decision trees where relevant) and Treatment (listing all therapeutic options, giving practical advice for patient management, summarising treatment specifics with tables and treatment flowcharts). The original edition established itself as the first point of reference for any clinician or mental health practitioner needing expert advice on therapeutic options for any psychiatric disorder. This edition features an additional chapter on the psychiatric interview and assessment of mental status to increase its utility. It echoes the progress in psychiatry regarding the establishment of an evidenced-based model of taxonomy, diagnosis, etiology, and treatment. Indeed, from a psychologist's perspective, the equal consideration provided to empirically supported psychosocial treatments versus somatic treatment is a significant development in the field of psychiatry. Jonathan Weinand in PsycCritiques, the American Psychological Association Review of Books
