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Author: Erwin A. Schmidl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Austria
Languages : de
Pages : 246
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Book Description
A supplement (in German and English) to an exhibition of the same name held at the Austrian Jewish Museum in Eisenstadt, marking the 200th anniversary of the conscription of Jews, which was regarded as a preliminary move toward Jewish emancipation. The first Jewish officers were commissioned around 1810. From 1868 on, Jews were included in full compulsory conscription. They were generally treated fairly by military authorities, who were more liberal than civilian society, despite occasional cases of discrimination. An anonymous pamphlet published in 1891 by Pan-German nationalists criticized Austrian acceptance of Jewish officers in contrast to the Prussian refusal to accept them. From the beginning of the 20th century the number of Jewish officers decreased, partly as a result of rising Catholic influence. Among reserve officers, coming mainly from secondary schools and universities, antisemitism was more widespread. After the First World War, the rising antisemitism was also felt in the army.
Author: Erwin A. Schmidl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Austria
Languages : de
Pages : 246
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Book Description
A supplement (in German and English) to an exhibition of the same name held at the Austrian Jewish Museum in Eisenstadt, marking the 200th anniversary of the conscription of Jews, which was regarded as a preliminary move toward Jewish emancipation. The first Jewish officers were commissioned around 1810. From 1868 on, Jews were included in full compulsory conscription. They were generally treated fairly by military authorities, who were more liberal than civilian society, despite occasional cases of discrimination. An anonymous pamphlet published in 1891 by Pan-German nationalists criticized Austrian acceptance of Jewish officers in contrast to the Prussian refusal to accept them. From the beginning of the 20th century the number of Jewish officers decreased, partly as a result of rising Catholic influence. Among reserve officers, coming mainly from secondary schools and universities, antisemitism was more widespread. After the First World War, the rising antisemitism was also felt in the army.
Author: Erwin A. Schmidl
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783854504016
Category :
Languages : de
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Istvan Deak
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198021429
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
In the last seventy years of its long and distinguished existence, the Habsburg monarchy was plagued by the forces of rising nationalism. Still, it preserved domestic peace and provided the conditions for social, economic, and cultural progress in a vast area inhabited by eleven major nationalities and almost as many confessional groups. This study investigates the social origin, education, training, code of honor, lifestyle, and political role of the Habsburg officers. Simultaneously conservative and liberal, the officer corps, originally composed mainly of noblemen, willingly coopted thousands of commoners--among them an extraordinary number of Jews. Even during World War I, the army and its officers endured, surviving the dissolution of the state in October 1918, if only by a few days. The end of the multinational Habsburg army also marked the end of confessional and ethnic tolerance in Central and East Central Europe.
Author: Derek J. Penslar
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400848571
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
A historical reevaluation of the relationship between Jews, miltary service, and war Jews and the Military is the first comprehensive and comparative look at Jews' involvement in the military and their attitudes toward war from the 1600s until the creation of the state of Israel in 1948. Derek Penslar shows that although Jews have often been described as people who shun the army, in fact they have frequently been willing, even eager, to do military service, and only a minuscule minority have been pacifists. Penslar demonstrates that Israel's military ethos did not emerge from a vacuum and that long before the state's establishment, Jews had a vested interest in military affairs. Spanning Europe, North America, and the Middle East, Penslar discusses the myths and realities of Jewish draft dodging, how Jews reacted to facing their coreligionists in battle, the careers of Jewish officers and their reception in the Jewish community, the effects of World War I on Jewish veterans, and Jewish participation in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. Penslar culminates with a study of Israel's War of Independence as a Jewish world war, which drew on the military expertise and financial support of a mobilized, global Jewish community. He considers how military service was a central issue in debates about Jewish emancipation and a primary indicator of the position of Jews in any given society. Deconstructing old stereotypes, Jews and the Military radically transforms our understanding of Jews' historic relationship to war and military power.
Author: Peter C. Appelbaum
Publisher: Academic Studies PRess
ISBN: 1644696924
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
Habsburg Sons describes Jewish participation in the Habsburg Army, 1788-1918, concentrating on World War I. Approximately 300,000-350,000 Jews fought in the Austro-Hungarian Armies on all fronts; of these, 30,000–40,000 died of wounds or illness, and at least 17% were taken prisoner in camps all over Russia and Central Asia. Many soldiers were Orthodox Ostjuden, and over 130 Feldrabbiner (chaplains) served among them. Antisemitism was present but generally not overt. The book uses personal diaries and newspaper articles (most available in English for the first time) to describe their stories, and compares the experiences of Jews in German, Russian, and Italian armies.
Author: Michael K. Silber
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Author: Joshua Shanes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139560646
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
The triumph of Zionism has clouded recollection of competing forms of Jewish nationalism vying for power a century ago. This study explores alternative ways to construct the modern Jewish nation. Jewish nationalism emerges from this book as a Diaspora phenomenon much broader than the Zionist movement. Like its non-Jewish counterparts, Jewish nationalism was first and foremost a movement to nationalize Jews, to construct a modern Jewish nation while simultaneously masking its very modernity. Diaspora Nationalism and Jewish Identity in Habsburg Galicia traces this process in what was the second largest Jewish community in Europe, Galicia. The history of this vital but very much understudied community of Jews fills a critical lacuna in existing scholarship while revisiting the broader question of how Jewish nationalism - or indeed any modern nationalism - was born. Based on a wide variety of sources, many newly uncovered, this study challenges the still-dominant Zionist narrative by demonstrating that Jewish nationalism was a part of the rising nationalist movements in Europe.
Author: Marsha L. Rozenblit
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195176308
Category : Austria
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
This book explores the impact of war and political crisis on the national identity of Jews, both in the multinational Habsburg monarchy and in the new nation-states that replaced it at the end of World War I. Jews enthusiastically supported the Austrian war effort because it allowed them to assert their Austrian loyalties and Jewish solidarity at the same time. They faced a grave crisis of identity when the multinational state collapsed and they lived in nation-states mostly uncomfortable with ethnic minorities. This book raises important questions about Jewish identity and about the general nature of ethnic and national identity.
Author: Derek J. Penslar
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691168091
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
A historical reevaluation of the relationship between Jews, miltary service, and war Jews and the Military is the first comprehensive and comparative look at Jews' involvement in the military and their attitudes toward war from the 1600s until the creation of the state of Israel in 1948. Derek Penslar shows that although Jews have often been described as people who shun the army, in fact they have frequently been willing, even eager, to do military service, and only a minuscule minority have been pacifists. Penslar demonstrates that Israel's military ethos did not emerge from a vacuum and that long before the state's establishment, Jews had a vested interest in military affairs. Spanning Europe, North America, and the Middle East, Penslar discusses the myths and realities of Jewish draft dodging, how Jews reacted to facing their coreligionists in battle, the careers of Jewish officers and their reception in the Jewish community, the effects of World War I on Jewish veterans, and Jewish participation in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. Penslar culminates with a study of Israel's War of Independence as a Jewish world war, which drew on the military expertise and financial support of a mobilized, global Jewish community. He considers how military service was a central issue in debates about Jewish emancipation and a primary indicator of the position of Jews in any given society. Deconstructing old stereotypes, Jews and the Military radically transforms our understanding of Jews' historic relationship to war and military power.
Author: William David Davies
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521219297
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 766
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Book Description
Vol. 4 covers the late Roman period to the rise of Islam. Focuses especially on the growth and development of rabbinic Judaism and of the major classical rabbinic sources such as the Mishnah, Jerusalem Talmud, Babylonian Talmud and various Midrashic collections.
