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Author: Doina Maria Florea
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638825337
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 2,00, Vienna University of Economics and Business , course: Wahlfach: International Business Transactions, Vertiefungskurs1: Foreign Exchange Risk and Introduction to Law of International Commerce , 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In 1995 the Japanese yen entered a new phase: that of Super-endaka. Already for over a decade Japanese exporters were fighting against the unwelcome influence of the rising yen on their business. But in order to understand the phenomenon of super-endaka the reader must go back in time to New York, September 1985. In September 1985 the finance ministers of the world’s largest capitalistic economies – Britain, France, West Germany, Japan and the US - met at New York’s Plaza Hotel to discuss the development of the dollar relative to the yen. As a strong dollar had led in the early 80s to an increase in the US trade deficit followed by a strong inflow of foreign capital, protectionist theories started developing both in Republican and Democratic camps. Thus, all participants shared a growing interest in lowering the value of the dollar relative to the yen as this movement would eliminate the U.S. / Japan trade imbalance and lessen protectionist demands. This development would suit everyone because it would finally result in higher exports not only for Japan but also for all other countries. In order to make this happen, all countries agreed to coordinate an intervention into their respective foreign exchange markets. Japan’s government was said to have exchanged $3 billion for the yen in the New York and Tokyo markets the very next day. Shoichior Toyoda, president of the Toyota Motor Corporation, compared the first anniversary of the Plaza Accord to Isshuki - Japanese for the first anniversary of someone’s death- and called it the birthplace of Endaka - Japanese for a high yen. In 1985 the $ traded at yen 240, one year later to Yen 150.
Author: Doina Maria Florea
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638825337
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 2,00, Vienna University of Economics and Business , course: Wahlfach: International Business Transactions, Vertiefungskurs1: Foreign Exchange Risk and Introduction to Law of International Commerce , 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In 1995 the Japanese yen entered a new phase: that of Super-endaka. Already for over a decade Japanese exporters were fighting against the unwelcome influence of the rising yen on their business. But in order to understand the phenomenon of super-endaka the reader must go back in time to New York, September 1985. In September 1985 the finance ministers of the world’s largest capitalistic economies – Britain, France, West Germany, Japan and the US - met at New York’s Plaza Hotel to discuss the development of the dollar relative to the yen. As a strong dollar had led in the early 80s to an increase in the US trade deficit followed by a strong inflow of foreign capital, protectionist theories started developing both in Republican and Democratic camps. Thus, all participants shared a growing interest in lowering the value of the dollar relative to the yen as this movement would eliminate the U.S. / Japan trade imbalance and lessen protectionist demands. This development would suit everyone because it would finally result in higher exports not only for Japan but also for all other countries. In order to make this happen, all countries agreed to coordinate an intervention into their respective foreign exchange markets. Japan’s government was said to have exchanged $3 billion for the yen in the New York and Tokyo markets the very next day. Shoichior Toyoda, president of the Toyota Motor Corporation, compared the first anniversary of the Plaza Accord to Isshuki - Japanese for the first anniversary of someone’s death- and called it the birthplace of Endaka - Japanese for a high yen. In 1985 the $ traded at yen 240, one year later to Yen 150.
Author: Debora L. Spar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Debora Spar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Author: Robert E. Cole
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
As the University of Michigan Center for Japanese Studies reflected on the deteriorating position of the domestic auto industry in the fall of 1980, and the strong competitive threat being posed by the Japanese automakers, we were struck by the extraordinary low quality of the public discussion of these critical issues. The national importance of the issues seemed only matched by the superficiality of the analyses being offered. The tendency to think in terms of scapegoats was particularly evident. The Japanese as the basic cause of our problems has been a particularly notable theme. To be sure, cooperation with the Japanese in formulating a rational overall trade policy may be an important part of the solution. It has also been fashionable to blame it all on American auto industry management for not concentrating on the production of small cars when "everyone knew" that was the thing to do. Alternatively, government meddling was blamed for all our problems. Clearly, the complex problem we faced required more penetrating analyses. It seemed therefore, that the time was ripe for a public seminar which moved beyond the rhetoric of the moment and probed some of the deeper causes of our problems and possible directions for future policy.
Author: Spar Debora L
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 1911298178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
Despite the ease with which it is often conducted, doing business across borders is not the same as doing it at home. Rather, it entails a whole new set of managerial challenges: re-assessing competitive advantage; evaluating diverse political environments and legal structures; considering the impact of currency fluctuations and trading regimes; and understanding widely disparate cultures and business norms. Using the cases presented in this book, instructors can help their students build a framework of analysis that will enable them to understand the challenges of international trade and investment and master the opportunities these represent./a
Author: Marco Ruiz
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780858359970
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author: Masaaki Sato
Publisher: Vertical
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
In this award-winning book, Sato explores the rise and fall of Honda, an international brand name that was created by two very different men.
Author: Pradyumna P. Karan
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
ISBN: 0813137772
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
The ancient civilization of Japan, with its Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples, is also closely associated with all that is new and modern. Looking outward, Japan sees what it has become since Hiroshima: the world's second-largest economy, a source of fury and wonder, a power without arms. Looking inward, Japan sees old ways shaken and new ones developing at a hectic pace. Japan in the Twenty-first Century offers compelling insights into the current realities of the country and investigates the crucial political, economic, demographic, and environmental challenges that face the nation. A combination of text, maps, and photographs provides an essential understanding of Japan's geography, cultural heritage, demography, economic and political development, and of many other important issues. Pradyumna P. Karan explores the obstacles and opportunities that will shape Japan and affect the world community in the coming years. He highlights strategies and policies that will facilitate economic and political change and stimulate the development of effective institutions for long-term, sustainable prosperity and economic vitality. Unique field reports drawn from direct observations of events and places in Japan illuminate Japanese traditions and sensibilities. The first full-length English-language textbook on Japan's geography, culture, politics, and economy to appear in nearly four decades, Japan in the Twenty-first Century will be a vital resource for researchers, academics, general readers, and students of Japan. Pradyumna P. Karan, professor of geography and Japan studies at the University of Kentucky, is the author or editor of numerous books on Asian geography and culture, including The Japanese City and Japan in the Bluegrass.
Author: Marco Ruiz
Publisher: Gramercy Books
ISBN: 9780517617779
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Follows the growth of the Japanese automobile industry, with information on the production of every Japanese manufacturer, technical specifications, racing car versions, the evolution of car design and all experimental prototypes
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
