Etude de la connectivité structurelle des faisceaux d'association courts de la substance blanche du cerveau humain en IRM de diffusion PDF Download
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Author: Alexandre Pron
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Les fibres d'association courtes (fibres en U) de la substance blanche connectent des territoires corticaux situés dans des gyri adjacents. L'estimation in vivo de l'extension spatiale de ces fibres requiert des données IRM pondérées en diffusion (IRMd) à résolution spatiale et angulaire élevée afin de limiter l'effet du volume partiel à l'interface cortex/substance blanche et de capturer la complexité des configurations de fibres de la matière blanche superficielle. De telles données nécessitent des méthodes de prétraitement adaptées. De plus, l'étude quantitative de la connectivité de ces fibres nécessite la mise en place de stratégies avancées de tractographie et de filtrage des tractogrammes obtenus. Dans ce cadre, nous avons développé Diffuse (https://github.com/MecaLab/Brainvisa-Diffuse), une boîte à outil dédiée au traitement des données IRMd qui interface les méthodes de l'état de l'art de prétraitement, modélisation locale et d'estimation de la trajectoires des fibres par tractographie. En nous appuyant sur Diffuse, nous avons quantifié l'impact de six chaînes de correction des artéfacts classiquement utilisées en traitement des données IRMd sur les étapes ultérieures de modélisation locale et de tractographie (Brun et al. 2019). La deuxième contribution de ce thèse propose de décrire la connectivité des fibres en U d'un sillon en définissant un nouvel espace de représentation continu (Pron et al. 2018). Cet espace a été utilisé pour caractériser la connectivité anatomique des fibres d'association courtes du sillon central de 100 sujets droitiers issus de la base de données IRM de haute qualité du Human Connectome Project.
Author: Alexandre Pron
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Les fibres d'association courtes (fibres en U) de la substance blanche connectent des territoires corticaux situés dans des gyri adjacents. L'estimation in vivo de l'extension spatiale de ces fibres requiert des données IRM pondérées en diffusion (IRMd) à résolution spatiale et angulaire élevée afin de limiter l'effet du volume partiel à l'interface cortex/substance blanche et de capturer la complexité des configurations de fibres de la matière blanche superficielle. De telles données nécessitent des méthodes de prétraitement adaptées. De plus, l'étude quantitative de la connectivité de ces fibres nécessite la mise en place de stratégies avancées de tractographie et de filtrage des tractogrammes obtenus. Dans ce cadre, nous avons développé Diffuse (https://github.com/MecaLab/Brainvisa-Diffuse), une boîte à outil dédiée au traitement des données IRMd qui interface les méthodes de l'état de l'art de prétraitement, modélisation locale et d'estimation de la trajectoires des fibres par tractographie. En nous appuyant sur Diffuse, nous avons quantifié l'impact de six chaînes de correction des artéfacts classiquement utilisées en traitement des données IRMd sur les étapes ultérieures de modélisation locale et de tractographie (Brun et al. 2019). La deuxième contribution de ce thèse propose de décrire la connectivité des fibres en U d'un sillon en définissant un nouvel espace de représentation continu (Pron et al. 2018). Cet espace a été utilisé pour caractériser la connectivité anatomique des fibres d'association courtes du sillon central de 100 sujets droitiers issus de la base de données IRM de haute qualité du Human Connectome Project.
Author:
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2738186688
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
Author: NAHUM Henri
Publisher: Lavoisier
ISBN: 2257705815
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 840
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Book Description
Exhaustive et très richement illustrée, cette deuxième édition entièrement en couleur aborde de manière toujours claire et précise les méthodes et les résultats de l’imagerie de l’ensemble du corps humain. Chaque section présente de façon systématique : Les différentes techniques d’imagerie disponibles, des plus classiques au plus innovantes. Les principales stratégies diagnostiques pour toutes les pathologies de la région explorée. L’ensemble des chapitres a été actualisé et les chapitres de neurocardiologie et d'imagerie cardiovasculaire ont été totalement réécrits pour tenir compte des nouveaux apports de l’imagerie et des plus récents développements technologiques.
Author: Stephen G. Waxman
Publisher:
ISBN: 0195082931
Category : Axons
Languages : en
Pages : 710
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Book Description
The axon, interposed between the cell body and the synaptic terminals in most neurons, plays a crucial role in connecting neurons and acting as a conduit for the transmission of information between them. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date compendium that brings together chapterson the structure, function, and pathophysiology of axons in both the PNS and CNS. Carefully written, well-illustrated with superb illustrations, and generously referenced, the 33 chapters and introduction have been authored by 49 world-renowned authorities. Recent advances in the molecularneurobiology of axons are carefully reviewed, and new areas, such as the molecular biology of ion channels and myelination, the role of calcium in pathophysiology and regeneration, cell adhesion molecules and their roles in axo-glial interactions and axonal guidance, and optical recording methods,are highlighted. This book will provide an essential reference for neuroscientists as well as clinicians such as neurologists, neurosurgeons, and clinical electrophysiologists interested in axons.
Author: Frederik Barkhof
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642008186
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
This up-to-date, superbly illustrated book is a practical guide to the effective use of neuroimaging in the patient with cognitive decline. It sets out the key clinical and imaging features of the various causes of dementia and directs the reader from clinical presentation to neuroimaging and on to an accurate diagnosis whenever possible. After an introductory chapter on the clinical background, the available "toolbox" of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques is reviewed in detail, including CT, MRI and advanced MR techniques, SPECT and PET, and image analysis methods. The imaging findings in normal ageing are then discussed, followed by a series of chapters that carefully present and analyze the key findings in patients with dementias. Throughout, a practical approach is adopted, geared specifically to the needs of clinicians (neurologists, radiologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians) working in the field of dementia, for whom this book will prove an invaluable resource.
Author: Richard M. Cowett
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468404008
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 792
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Book Description
Over the last quarter century or so, specialization within obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics has resulted in the development of the disciplines of maternal-fetal medicine and neonatology, respectively. A primary focus of maternal-fetal medicine has been to understand the mechanism(s) of premature delivery and develop treatment modalities for improving the length of gestation. A primary focus of neonatology has been to under stand the causes of respiratory distress in the neonate. Success has resulted, not only in the lengthening of gestation, but an improved understanding of the causes and treatment of neonatal respiratory disease. With increasing success has come the necessity to under stand the metabolic principles of the parturient, the fetal/placenta unit, and the neonate. These principles are clearly very important from multiple aspects. Increased understand ing of metabolism of the pregnant woman would explain the aberrations occurring in normal and abnormal pregnancy and improve nutritional support for the parturient. A prime example of altered metabolism is the parturient with diabetes. Understanding metabolism ofthe fetal/placenta unit is necessary to increase the probability that the fetus will be born appropriate for size irrespective of the gestational age. The various compo nents of neonatal metabolism are important, not only for understanding the changes in physiology and biochemistry occurring in the developing neonate, but the principles by which nutritional support should be provided.
Author: Perminder S. Sachdev
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203970977
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
When confronted with a neurological or psychiatric disorder in an elderly individual, a clinician or researcher is likely to ask how the processes of ageing have influenced the aetiology and presentation of the disorder, and will impact on its efficient management. There are many urban myths about ageing, and some of these apply to the brain. The reviews included in this book are an attempt to flush out some of these myths, and arm the clinician and general researcher with the empirical facts that can be mustered to substantiate claims about ageing. There are many salient questions: is cognitive change to be expected in an elderly individual? Is this change progressive, relentless and unselective, or is it focal and constrained? Would every person who lived long enough develop Alzheimer’s disease? Do our neurones die as we get old? What happens to the size of the brain and its metabolic activity? How do our hormones change with age? Can anti-oxidants slow or even stop the process of ageing? Are genes important in the ageing brain or is it all in the environment? How much of what we are is due to what we eat? The contributors to this book, each an expert in their field, have addressed some of these questions in a language simple enough for a general reader to understand. The book also deals with some of the most prominent brain disorders of old age - Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vascular dementia, and depression. The focus is on the impact of ageing on these disorders. The discussions lay out a broad map for the clinician dealing with neuropsychiatric disorders, and the future researcher of brain ageing. In a field in which the developments are too numerous for any one individual to keep pace with, this book presents up-to-date summaries that can be a useful starting point. The field of brain ageing abounds in tabloid science. This book counters this by providing a strong empirical grounding and considered synthesis of the research.
Author: Andreas Charidimou
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889635872
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
Author: Michael L. J. Apuzzo
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780683002492
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1254
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Book Description
Operations on the third ventricle are explored under the expert guidance of Dr. Michael Apuzzo. This one authoritative volume brings together the latest perspectives on anatomy, pathology, imaging, and surgery. Exceptionally detailed illustrations--most drawn by noted artist Diane Abeloff--provide a detailed picture of anatomy and various procedures. These illustrations combine with insightful text to take readers through each operation, including indications, pitfalls, and expected complications.
Author: Martin Lindstrom
Publisher: Currency
ISBN: 0385523890
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “A fascinating look at how consumers perceive logos, ads, commercials, brands, and products.”—Time How much do we know about why we buy? What truly influences our decisions in today’s message-cluttered world? In Buyology, Martin Lindstrom presents the astonishing findings from his groundbreaking three-year, seven-million-dollar neuromarketing study—a cutting-edge experiment that peered inside the brains of 2,000 volunteers from all around the world as they encountered various ads, logos, commercials, brands, and products. His startling results shatter much of what we have long believed about what captures our interest—and drives us to buy. Among the questions he explores: • Does sex actually sell? • Does subliminal advertising still surround us? • Can “cool” brands trigger our mating instincts? • Can our other senses—smell, touch, and sound—be aroused when we see a product? Buyology is a fascinating and shocking journey into the mind of today's consumer that will captivate anyone who's been seduced—or turned off—by marketers' relentless attempts to win our loyalty, our money, and our minds.
