Ionic and Molecular Environments in Heterogeneous Electrocatalysis: Studies by Radioactive Labeling and LEED/AUGER Spectroscopy PDF Download
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Author:
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Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
Adsorption, catalytic activity and metal deposition at the metal/ solution interface have been studied in a coordinated fashion by radiochemistry, ultra-high vacuum spectroscopies of surface science and electrochemistry. The metal part of the interface was usually a single-crystal of platinum, rhodium or gold, or an ultra-thin metallic film of either cadmium, copper or silver obtained via underpotential deposition processes. The adsorbates predominantly included bisulfate, perchlorate, phosphate, acetic acid and urea. The integrative feature of the adsorbates was their capacity of a reversible adsorption on the platinum electrode. The molecule with which the catalytic rates have been measured was methanol in perchlorate, bisulfate and phosphate solutions. These studies have focused on (1) effects of anions on the catalytic oxidation of methanol on platinum single crystal electrodes, (2) surface chemistry of the studied adsorbates on the clean and admetal covered electrodes, (3) surface studies of the solid/liquid CO (as the most probable methanol chemisorption product), and (4) phase transitions of urea induced by lateral adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. Two methods for in situ and ex situ electrode characterization, namely the radioactive labeling and the ultra-high vacuum- electrochemistry, have been used and advancements in their performance, or new areas of applications, have been reported.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
Adsorption, catalytic activity and metal deposition at the metal/ solution interface have been studied in a coordinated fashion by radiochemistry, ultra-high vacuum spectroscopies of surface science and electrochemistry. The metal part of the interface was usually a single-crystal of platinum, rhodium or gold, or an ultra-thin metallic film of either cadmium, copper or silver obtained via underpotential deposition processes. The adsorbates predominantly included bisulfate, perchlorate, phosphate, acetic acid and urea. The integrative feature of the adsorbates was their capacity of a reversible adsorption on the platinum electrode. The molecule with which the catalytic rates have been measured was methanol in perchlorate, bisulfate and phosphate solutions. These studies have focused on (1) effects of anions on the catalytic oxidation of methanol on platinum single crystal electrodes, (2) surface chemistry of the studied adsorbates on the clean and admetal covered electrodes, (3) surface studies of the solid/liquid CO (as the most probable methanol chemisorption product), and (4) phase transitions of urea induced by lateral adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. Two methods for in situ and ex situ electrode characterization, namely the radioactive labeling and the ultra-high vacuum- electrochemistry, have been used and advancements in their performance, or new areas of applications, have been reported.
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
Author: United States. Air Force. Directorate of Chemical and Atmospheric Sciences
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Author: Jens K. Nørskov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118888952
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
This book is based on a graduate course and suitable as a primer for any newcomer to the field, this book is a detailed introduction to the experimental and computational methods that are used to study how solid surfaces act as catalysts. Features include: First comprehensive description of modern theory of heterogeneous catalysis Basis for understanding and designing experiments in the field Allows reader to understand catalyst design principles Introduction to important elements of energy transformation technology Test driven at Stanford University over several semesters
Author: R.M. Lambert
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401589119
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 534
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Book Description
Heterogeneous catalysis provides the backbone of the world's chemical and oil industries. The innate complexity of practical catalytic systems suggests that useful progress should be achievable by investigating key aspects of catalysis by experimental studies on idealised model systems. Thin films and supported clusters are two promising types of model system that can be used for this purpose, since they mimic important aspects of the properties of practical dispersed catalysts. Similarly, appropriate theoretical studies of chemisorption and surface reaction clusters or extended slab systems can provide valuable information on the factors that underlie bonding and catalytic activity. This volume describes such experimental and theoretical approaches to the surface chemistry and catalytic behaviour of metals, metal oxides and metal/metal oxide systems. An introduction to the principles and main themes of heterogeneous catalysis is followed by detailed accounts of the application of modern experimental and theoretical techniques to fundamental problems. The application of advanced experimental methods is complemented by a full description of theoretical procedures, including Hartree-Fock, density functional and similar techniques. The relative merits of the various approaches are considered and directions for future progress are indicated.
Author: Allen J. Bard
Publisher: Wiley Global Education
ISBN: 1118312805
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Book Description
Das führende Werk auf seinem Gebiet - jetzt durchgängig auf den neuesten Stand gebracht! Die theoretischen Grundlagen der Elektrochemie, erweitert um die aktuellsten Erkenntnisse in der Theorie des Elektronentransfers, werden hier ebenso besprochen wie alle wichtigen Anwendungen, darunter modernste Verfahren (Ultramikroelektroden, modifizierte Elektroden, LCEC, Impedanzspektrometrie, neue Varianten der Pulsvoltammetrie und andere). In erster Linie als Lehrbuch gedacht, läßt sich das Werk aber auch hervorragend zum Selbststudium und zur Auffrischung des Wissensstandes verwenden. Lediglich elementare Grundkenntnisse der physikalischen Chemie werden vorausgesetzt.
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Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128098945
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 5276
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Book Description
Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry, Seven Volume Set summarizes current, fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, bringing readers the latest developments in the field. As the chemical and physical properties and processes at solid and liquid interfaces are the scientific basis of so many technologies which enhance our lives and create new opportunities, its important to highlight how these technologies enable the design and optimization of functional materials for heterogeneous and electro-catalysts in food production, pollution control, energy conversion and storage, medical applications requiring biocompatibility, drug delivery, and more. This book provides an interdisciplinary view that lies at the intersection of these fields. Presents fundamental knowledge of interfacial chemistry, surface science and electrochemistry and provides cutting-edge research from academics and practitioners across various fields and global regions
Author: C. Barry Carter
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319266519
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 543
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Book Description
This text is a companion volume to Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Textbook for Materials Science by Williams and Carter. The aim is to extend the discussion of certain topics that are either rapidly changing at this time or that would benefit from more detailed discussion than space allowed in the primary text. World-renowned researchers have contributed chapters in their area of expertise, and the editors have carefully prepared these chapters to provide a uniform tone and treatment for this exciting material. The book features an unparalleled collection of color figures showcasing the quality and variety of chemical data that can be obtained from today’s instruments, as well as key pitfalls to avoid. As with the previous TEM text, each chapter contains two sets of questions, one for self assessment and a second more suitable for homework assignments. Throughout the book, the style follows that of Williams & Carter even when the subject matter becomes challenging—the aim is always to make the topic understandable by first-year graduate students and others who are working in the field of Materials Science Topics covered include sources, in-situ experiments, electron diffraction, Digital Micrograph, waves and holography, focal-series reconstruction and direct methods, STEM and tomography, energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) imaging, and spectrum imaging. The range and depth of material makes this companion volume essential reading for the budding microscopist and a key reference for practicing researchers using these and related techniques.
Author: Boris Imelik
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475795890
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
to the Fundamental and Applied Catalysis Series Catalysis is important academically and industrially. It plays an essential role in the manufacture of a wide range of products, from gasoline and plastics to fertilizers and herbicides, which would otherwise be unobtainable or prohibitive ly expensive. There are few chemical-or oil-based material items in modern society that do not depend in some way on a catalytic stage in their manufacture. Apart from manufacturing processes, catalysis is finding other important and over-increasing uses; for example, successful applications of catalysis in the control ofpollution and its use in environmental control are certain to in crease in the future. The commercial import an ce of catalysis and the diverse intellectual challenges of catalytic phenomena have stimulated study by a broad spectrum of scientists including chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and material scientists. Increasing research activity over the years has brought deeper levels of understanding, and these have been associated with a continually growing amount of published material. As recentlyas sixty years ago, Rideal and Taylor could still treat the subject comprehensively in a single volume, but by the 19 50s Emmett required six volumes, and no conventional multivolume text could now cover the whole of catalysis in any depth.
Author: Mirtat Bouroushian
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642039677
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
The author provides a unified account of the electrochemical material science of metal chalcogenide (MCh) compounds and alloys with regard to their synthesis, processing and applications. Starting with the chemical fundamentals of the chalcogens and their major compounds, the initial part of the book includes a systematic description of the MCh solids on the basis of the Periodic Table in terms of their structures and key properties. This is followed by a general discussion on the electrochemistry of chalcogen species, and the principles underlying the electrochemical formation of inorganic compounds/alloys. The core of the book offers an insight into available experimental results and inferences regarding the electrochemical preparation and microstructural control of conventional and novel MCh structures. It also aims to survey their photoelectrochemistry, both from a material-oriented point of view and as connected to specific processes such as photocatalysis and solar energy conversion. Finally, the book illustrates the relevance of MCh materials to various applications of electrochemical interest such as (electro)catalysis in fuel cells, energy storage with intercalation electrodes, and ion sensing.
